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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cuneiform |
Mesopotamia, one of earliest writings, symbols |
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Athenian Democracy |
Athens, middle class demanded say in gov., Athenian assembly |
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Punic Wars |
Between carthage & Rome, most famous wars in Roman history, 3 total wars (2nd most challenging), Rome wins them all, signifance instill confidence to Rome to expand more. |
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Pax Romana |
Long period of relative peace and minimal expansion of military force by roman empire, established by Augustus Caesar. |
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Diocletian |
The dominate, Great Prosecution vs. Christians, established tetrarchy, name means: master, god, & son of Jupiter |
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Julius Ceasar |
Dictatorship for life, ruled like king, but did not call himself king, 1st triumvirate, assassinated by senators, beware ideas of march |
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Buddhism |
Siddharta Gautama, sought answer to suffering, enlightenment= nivavana, Buddha= Enlightened one, sacred text= Tripitaha, accepted 4 noble truths, then followed 8 fold path |
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Qin Shihuangdi |
Qin dynasty in china, first universal emperor, named china after root word Qin |
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Shi'ite |
Muhammad follower and family, split of Umayyad's to Shi'ites and Sunnis |
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Iconoclasm |
eastern church closed to innovation/questioning; Constantine's persecution of icons so intense that pope spoke out against practice, threat to western church practices, caused separation east & west churches. |
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Lord/Vassal |
both name mutual agreement/obligation in feudal system, may involve military support/protection, lord=noble who held land, vassal= granted possession of land by lord |
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Synod of Whitby |
church council on anglo-saxon England, roman rite wins, sends bishops |
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Venerable bede |
ecclesiastical history on English people, person, first church history in Europe, invented because AD dating. |
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Alfred the Great |
great writer unifier of anglo saxon, king of wessex |
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Danelaw |
Viking controlled eastern England, land of the Danes |
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Magyars |
central Asian nomads, invade German border, settled modern Hungary, made regular raids, stoned by defensive walls, henry the fowler, Otto I ended Magyar raids |
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Vikings |
Scandinavia orgin, motivation for movement: 1. population 2. pressure 3. primogenture |
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Primogeniture |
one of motivation for movement of Vikings (reason for raiding Europe), first inherits entire state; excludes females & youngest son (son because keep property in the family & undivided) |
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Varangians |
Byzantium guard, swedes in eastern Europe, name given to Vikings by greens and east slaves |
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William the Conqueror |
Battle of Hastings vs. Harold G (killed), conquered England, creates Norman England, brings in arm nobles priests, basis for future English kingdom gets throne to England as result, |
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Manorialism |
feudal society, principle of rural economy that originated in villa system in rome, lots of farming, money based market economy |
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Hanseatsic League |
North Europe, towns est. house for trade, excluded outside competition, protection & security for cities |
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Cluny Abbey |
a Benedictine monastery that was founded by Duke Williams I of Aquitaine |
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Cadaver Synod of 897 |
a name that was given to the trial of catholic pope formossus |
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Investiture controvesy |
the most significant conflict between church and state in medieval Europe |
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Diviners |
In African religion, method of obtaining answers to questions, oracles & mediums |
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Ethiopian Christianity |
sub sahran African countries, divided into several groups, oldest: Ethiopian Orthodox Tweahedo church, protestants- 2nd larges, oriental orthodox-largest, 60% of pop. Christianity. |
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Axum |
city in north Europe, naval & trading power |
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Emperor Hongwu |
mind founder, ming-brilliant |
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Mandarins |
mind gov, class of guys cclose to emperor, enforcers |
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Emperor Yongle |
youngle encyclopedia, ming dynasty 3rd emperor, created Beijing |
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Beijing |
capital of ming dynasty in china, created by emperor yongle |
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The forbidden city |
place for emperor & gov. officals to live, fenced in by moat |
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Yongle encyclopedia |
history, philosopy, & literature, 50 million words, ming china |
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Zheng He |
traveled all over, admiral, huge fleets, massive man power |
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Treasure ships |
carried ambassadors, soldiers, scholars to foreign lands, carried tribute back to china |
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Printing press |
old chine technology, rag paper, block printing, invented by Johannes Gutenburg |
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Johannes Gutenberg |
invented moveable type printing press, help spread info quick & accurate, increase scientific knowledge, ended church controlled info |
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Secularism |
concern for this world |
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Humanism |
humanity (not God) center of attenion |
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Individualism |
individual achievements over community |
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Skepticism |
genral curiosity & questioning for authority |
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Niccolo machiaveili |
itailian humanist, philoshopher, historian, renaissance, wrote the prince |
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The Prince |
political teatsive |
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Khakhan |
great khan |
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Kkarakorum |
1235 capital completed |
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Yam |
the postal system |
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Khubilai khan |
also known by the temple name Shizu, and the founder of the Yuan Dynasty in china. |
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Great famine |
1315-1317, wet spring: difficulties, rotten seed, small harvest, depleted reserves, malnutrition, weakened pop., widespread suffering, slow recovery arrivals & people very weak |
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Great plague |
slow spread ofdisease because low pop., density, plague of Justinian, carriers: Asian black rats and fleas, cities hit hardest, not as bad in countryside, visited Europe repeatedly |
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Yersinia pesti |
bacterial strain of plague by fleas & rats |
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Flagellants |
radicals in catholic church, practices of extreme form of mortification of their own flesh by whipping with various things |
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Avignon |
papacy of 8 straight popes that were French, problems: finance-embraced simony/indulgences, loss of prestige- not much of one, identity crisis- no interest in returning home to Rome |
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Papacy/ "Babylonian Captivity" |
criticism of having 8 straight French papers, Petrarch, Jews captives in Babylon |
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The great schism |
roman line vs. avinaon line, serious problems, anxiety=real people, solution conciliarism (church council) |
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Hundred years' war |
between England & france, over control of French throne, result of dynastic disagreement during William the conquerer, lasted 100 years |
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Conciliarism |
during great schism, church council that solved problem w/ popes |
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Joan of arc |
folk heroine of France, morman catholic saint, led France army to several victims in hundred years war
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Mali |
country in west africa |
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Swahili |
language in Mozambique channel in Africa; European influence |
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East African Slavery |
most were indentured servants, very common in Africa, ancient |
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Kinship groups |
group of people related by blood or marriage, depending on each other |
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Cocordat of worms |
an agreement that brought to an end the first phase of the power struggle between the papacy and the holy roman emperors |
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Seljuk turks |
was the new muslim power in east; 1058 captured Baghdad, then continued expansion |
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Battle of Manzikert |
fight between the Byzantium and Seljuk turks |
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Pope Urban II |
launched the first crusade |
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First Crusade |
(1096-1099) started as a widespread pilgrimage (France and Germany) and ended as a military expendition by Roman Catholic Church to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim Conquest of the Levant (632-661), ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099 |
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Chingis Khan |
1206 universal leader; military-based society, admin, efficiency |
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Ulus |
Inheritances (4) |
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Ogedei |
was the third son of Genghis Khan and second Great Khan of the Mongol Empire by succeeding his father |
