History 101B Test 1

Front 1

1492. Columbus. Sharing of plants and animals between the Americas and Europe. Diseases were shared that Indians didn’t have immunities for, so a lot of Native Americans died. Corn and potatoes to Europe allowed for an increase in population because they were easy to grow and fed a lot of people.

Back 1

Columbian Exchange

Front 2

Person. 1484-1566. Friar in Mexico, said Indians shouldn't be slaves, started African slavery. Called Protector of the Indians.

Back 2

Bartoleme de las Casas

Front 3

Spanish conquistador, 1484-1566. In Mexico, defeated the Aztec Empire.

Back 3

Hernan Cortes

Front 4

First person to go around the world in 1522. Portuguese. Discovered new land for Portugal.

Back 4

Ferdinand Magellan.

Front 5

System where Spanish people come over and get slaves who are Indians. South America during the 1500s.

Back 5

Encomienda.

Front 6

Second generation Spaniards in the Americas. 1600's. Setup social hierarchy for Spanish being at the top.

Back 6

Criollos (Creoles)

Front 7

Economic system where things are controlled by the people, not the government.

Back 7

Capitalism

Front 8

War between the French and the Indians and the British and Colonists. 1754-1763. Caused taxes to be raised in America, causing Revolutionary War.

Back 8

Seven Years' War

Front 9

German Catholic Priest, nailed Theses to the door of church in 1517. Said Catholic church was corrupt, prompted Protestant Reformation.

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Martin Luther

Front 10

1545-1563 in Europe. Catholic response to Martin Luther's claims of corruption. Created more supervision for priests.

Back 10

Catholic Reformation

Front 11

European monarchs during 17-18th centuries who said they had "Divine Right" (God gave them power) so revolutions are bad. Gave kings absolute power.

Back 11

Absolutism

Front 12

1642-1651. Fight between Parliament and King Charles, King Charles ended up being beheaded by Parliament, giving Parliament and the people more power.

Back 12

English Civil War

Front 13

King of France in 1600s, said "I am the state!" Showed absolutism. Built Versailles to impress political rivals.

Back 13

Louis XIV (14th).

Front 14

1500s. Italian astronomer and scientist, contributed greatly to the Scientific Revolution.

Back 14

Galileo Galilei

Front 15

Slave trade between Americas and Africa across the Atlantic Ocean. Africans captured other Africans and sold them to Europeans. Breakdown of African society.

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Atlantic Slave Trade

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Serfs were attached to the land they lived on, the owner of the land owned rights to use the serfs. Abolished in Russia in 1861. Made poor people poorer.

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Serfdom

Front 17

Triangle of trade between Africa, Americas, and Europe. Slaves, sugar, and manufactured goods. Made the world more connected and slave trade more popular.

Back 17

Triangular Trade

Front 18

Ruler of Kongo in 1500s. Spoke out against Portuguese use of slave trade, tried to make laws so people couldn't be stolen to be slaves.

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Nzinga Mbemba

Front 19

Located in West Africa, influenced by Portuguese culture. Shows how European culture affected Africa during the slave trade.

Back 19

Kingdom of Kongo

Front 20

Turkey, formed in 1299. Islam's most important empire. Cultures came together here. Accepted Christians to their empire, Christianity was threatened by it.

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Ottoman Empire

Front 21

Longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigned from 1520 till his death.

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Süleyman

Front 22

Came to Persia after 1500. Imposed Shia Islam, fought a lot with Ottoman Empire.

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Safavid Empire

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Arabic term that refers to a person who fights in the military. People think of it as being religious warfare.

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Ghazi

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Created by Turkic Mongols in India in 1526. Included Hindus in India, made Hindus and Muslims together.

Back 24

Mughal Empire

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1405-1433. Expeditions led by Zheng He, Muslim Chinese explorer. Went to the East African Coast. Encouraged migration of Chinese to Japan.

Back 25

Zheng He Expeditions

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Civil servants appointed by emperor of China to work in the government after taking a really hard test. Made learning important in China.

Back 26

Sholar-Gentry

Front 27

1368-1644 Dynasty in China where emperor had all the power. Based on Confucianism. Extremely legalistic.

Back 27

Ming Dynasty

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1552-1610. Italian missionary to China, brought Christianity to China. Tried to convert from the top down, talked a lot to important people.

Back 28

Matteo Ricci

Front 29

Last Japanese military government between 1603 and 1868. Hated foreigners, killed missionaries, cut Japan off from the rest of the world.

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Tokugawa Shogunate

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17th Century. Ruler of Russia. Made Russia more like Europe through changing the government

Back 30

Peter the Great

Front 31

Last imperial dynasty to rule Russia. During Romanov reign, Russia became major European power.

Back 31

Romanov Dynasty

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Longest ruling female leader of Russia. 1762-1796. Made religious tolerance for Muslims. Made Russia more like Europe.

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Catherine the Great

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Two products involved in the Columbian Exchange.

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Corn, potatoes, horses, pigs.

Front 34

Important Enlightenment thinker who called on people to "Dare to know!"

Back 34

Immanuel Kant

Front 35

English aristocrat who observed smallpox inoculations in the Ottoman Empire in the early 18th century.

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Lady Mary Mortley Montag

Front 36

Name one figure important in the Scientific Revolution

Back 36

Galileo Galilei

Front 37

The king who famously exclaimed "L'etat, c'est moi!" (I am the state!)

Back 37

Louis XIV of France