Histopath

Front 1

Most rapid freezing agent

Back 1

Liquid Nitrogen

Front 2

COLD KNIFE PROCEDURE

Knife Temp:

Tissue Temp:

Environment temp:

Back 2

COLD KNIFE PROCEDURE

-uses CO2 gas from CO2 cylinder

Knife Temp: -40 to -60 C

Tissue Temp: 5 to -10 C

Environment temp: 0 to 10

Front 3

Cryostat ProcedureKnife Temp: Tissue Temp: Environment temp:

Optimum working temp?

Mouting media used?

Back 3

Temp: maintained at the same temp near -20C

-18 to -20C

Von Apathy's Gum syrup

20-30% BSA

OCT

Water

Front 4

Fixative used in Freeze substitution

Back 4

Rossman's formula or 1% Acetone

Front 5

Formalin does not react with either fixation is elevated to ____ for RNA and _____ for DNA

Back 5

RNA - 45

DNA - 60

Front 6

Only fixatives that can preserve lipids

Back 6

Osmium tetroxide and Chromic acid

Front 7

Concentration of Glutaraldehyde for small tissue fragments? For large tissues?

Recommended for?

Back 7

2.5%

4%

Enzyme histochem

Electron Microscopy

Front 8

Aldehyde fixative that contains 95% ethanol with picric acid and glacial acetic acid

Back 8

Alcoholic Formalin

Hint 8

AKA Gendre's Fixative

Front 9

Contains 2% paraformaldehyde and 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M phosphate buffer

Back 9

Karnovsky's

For Electron histochemistry and electron immunocytochemistry

Front 10

Mixture of glutaraldehyde or formaldehyde that is used for tough specimens that cannot be fixed by glutaraldehyde.

Back 10

Acrolein

-for electron cytochemistry

Front 11

Mercuric chloride fixative that does not produce black granular deposits.

Back 11

Heidenhein's susa

-used for skin tumor biopsy

Front 12

Solution used in removing black deposits due to mercuric chloride fixatives.

Back 12

Saturated Iodine solution in 95% alcohol

-used in dezenkerization

Front 13

Chromate fixative for Rikettsia.

Back 13

Orth's Fluid

Front 14

Fixative for acid mucopolysaccharides

Back 14

Lead fixatives

Front 15

Fixation

Solidifies at 17C

Back 15

Glacial HAc

Front 16

Fixes and dehydrates at the same time.

Used for brain tisue fixation for rabbies diagnosis

Also fixes Nissl Granules

Back 16

Carnoy's

-most rapid fixative

Hint 16

Most rapid fixative

Front 17

Functions as a fixative and a weak decalcifying agent

Back 17

Trichloroacetic acid

Front 18

Acetone fixative optimum temperature.

Back 18

-5 to 4C

Front 19

Used for removing white formalin ppt

Back 19

Methanol

Front 20

Intense eosinophilic staining at the center of the tissue(H&E) due to partial coagulation of partially fixed protein

Back 20

Crush artifact

Front 21

Decalcification

Optimum temp?

Optimum time?

Ratio?

Back 21

18 to 30 C

24 to 48 hours

20:1

Front 22

Decalcifies and Softens

Back 22

Perenyi's fluid

Front 23

Decalcification

Recommended for teeth and small pieces of bones.

Back 23

Von-Ebners

-HCl

Front 24

Dehydrating and Clearing agent (2)

Back 24

Tetrahydrofuran

Dioxane (1,4-diethylene dioxide)

Front 25

Method for dioxane dehydration in which tissue is treated with pure dioxane solutions, treated in paraffin baths, and embedded in mold and cooled in water.

Graupner's vs Weiseberg's

Back 25

Graupner's Method

Front 26

Method in dioxane dehydration in which tissue is wrapped in a gauze bag ang suspended in dioxane containing a little anhydrous calcium oxide.

Graupner's vs Weissberg's

Back 26

Weissberg's method

Front 27

Clearing agent used as a substitute for Xylol and banzene.

Back 27

Toluene

-tends to acidify in partially filled vessels

Front 28

Clearing agent that penetrates rapidly which may cause aplastic anemia.

Back 28

Benzene

Front 29

Clearing agent that doesnt make tissues tarnsluscent but removes alcohol.

Back 29

Chloroform

Hint 29

Hepatotoxic after prolonged inhalation.

Front 30

Cheaper version of chloroform

Back 30

Carbon tetrachloride

Front 31

Requires 2 changes of clearing agent.

Back 31

Ceadarwood oil

Front 32

Clearing agent used for double embedding techniques

Back 32

Methyl salicylate and Methyl benzoate

Front 33

Embedding

Manual vs Automated

Back 33

Manual - 4 changes

Automated - 2 to 3 changes

Front 34

Method in celloidin impregnation where equal parts of ether and alcohol is used.

Back 34

Wet celloidin

Front 35

Method in celloidin impregnation

Gilson's Mixture: equal parts of chloroform and cedarwood oil

Back 35

Dry celloidin method

-for pricessing whole eye sections

Front 36

Method in celloidin method in which eqaual parts of ether and alcohol, in lower viscosity is used.

Back 36

Nitrocellulose method

-has tendency for tissue to crack.

Front 37

Impregnating agent used for specimens with large hallow cavities, hard and dense tissues, large tissue sections of whole embyo

Back 37

Celloidin

Front 38

Impregnating agent used for delicate specimens and frozen sections

Back 38

Gelatin

Front 39

Impregnating agent for ultrathin sections

Back 39

Plastic or Resin

Front 40

2 adjustable L-shaped strips

Back 40

Leukhart's

Front 41

Made up of series of interlocking plates resting in a flat metal base

Back 41

Compound embedding unit

Front 42

Special stainless steel base mold fitted with a plastic embedding ring

Back 42

Plastic embedding rings and base mold

Front 43

Cochineal dye + Aluminum chloride

Back 43

Best Carmine

-for demonstration of glycogen

Front 44

Vegetable dye extracted from Lichens by the actions of NH3 and air

Back 44

Orcein

Hint 44

Orcein vs Saffron

Front 45

Extracted from plant crocus sativus.

Incorporated by Mason into CT stain

Back 45

Saffron

Hint 45

Orcein vs Saffron

Front 46

Link between tissue and dye

Back 46

Mordant

Front 47

Not essential and does not participate to the chemical reaction of dye.

Hastens staining.

Back 47

Accentuator

KOH for Loeffler's Methylene Blue

Phenol for Carbol thionine and Carbol fuschin

Front 48

Complex between mordant and certain dyes, which then attaches to the substrate.

Back 48

Lake

Hint 48

Lake vs Accentuator vs Mordant vs Base

Front 49

Tissue elements are stained in sequence, and staining solution is applied for a specific period of time

Back 49

Progressive staining

-no decolorization or differentiation is required.

Hint 49

Direct vs indirect vs progressive vs regressive

Front 50

Tissue is first overstained to obliteraye the cellular details, then decolorized, then counterstained

Back 50

Regressive staining

Hint 50

Direct vs indirect vs progressive vs regressive

Front 51

Chief solvents for stains

Back 51

Water

Phenol

Alcohol - Methanol should be absolute; Ethanol- various concentration(acetone free)

Aniline water

Front 52

Ripening of Harris' Hematoxylin

Back 52

Mercuric Chloride

Hint 52

Sodium iodate vs mercuric chloride vs alcohol iodine vs potassiun iodate

Front 53

Ripening agent of Ehrlich's and Delafield's hematoxylin

Back 53

Natural or Sodium iodate

Hint 53

sodium iodate vs mercuric chloride vs alcohol iodine vs potassiun iodate

Front 54

Ripening agent for Gill's and Mayer's hematoxylin

Back 54

Sodium iodate

Hint 54

Sodium iodate mercuric chloride vs alcohol iodine vs potassiun iodate

Front 55

Ripening agent for Cole's hematoxylin

Back 55

Alcohol iodine

Hint 55

sodium iodate vs alcohol iodate vs alcohol chloride vs potassiun iodate

Front 56

Ripening agent for Crazzi's hemaroxylin

Back 56

Potassium iodate

Hint 56

Potassium iodate vs mercuric chloride vs alcohol iodine vs sodium iodate

Front 57

Stains hemoglobin

Back 57

Benzedine

Hint 57

Benzidine vs Janus green vs Gentian Violet vs Iodine

Front 58

Stains RNA(red) and DNA(green)

Back 58

Acridine orange

Hint 58

Benzidine vs Janus green vs Acridine Orange vs Gentian Violet vs Iodine

Front 59

Stains amyloid, elastic tissue, myelin

Back 59

Congo Red

Hint 59

Benzidine vs Congo Red vs Gentian Violet vs Iodine

Front 60

Stains ascaris eggs

Back 60

Malachite green

Hint 60

Benzidine vs Malachite green vs Gentian Violet vs Janus Green

Front 61

Stains Mitochondria

Back 61

Janus Green

Hint 61

Benzidine vs Janus green vs Gentian Violet vs Iodine

Front 62

Detects Herpetic lessions

Back 62

Vulvar Scrape

Hint 62

Vulvar Scrape vs Vaginal Scrape

Front 63

Procedure for patients with hysterectomy

Back 63

Vaginal scrape

Hint 63

Vulvar Scrape vs Vaginal Scrape

Front 64

For hormonal evaluation

Back 64

Lateral vaginal scrape

Hint 64

Vaginal scrape vs Lateral vaginal scrape vs 4 quadrant scrape

Front 65

For localization of vaginal adenosis

Back 65

Four quadrant scrape

Hint 65

Vaginal scrape vs Lateral vaginal scrape vs 4 quadrant scrape

Front 66

Hormone that promotes growth and maturation of superficial cells

Back 66

Estrogen

-seen in the first half of cycle

Hint 66

Estrogen vs Progesterone

Front 67

Hormone that acts on intermediate cells

Back 67

Progesterone

-causes rapid desquamation of superficial cells

-high in pregnancy

Hint 67

Progesterone vs Estrogen

Front 68

Polygonal squamous cells usually identified by the presence of pale, pink-staining cytoplasm and dark pyknotic nuclei

Back 68

Mature superficial cell

Hint 68

Parabasal cell, Mature superficial cell, intermediate cell

Front 69

Medium sized polyhedral or elongated cells with basophilic and vaculated cytoplasm

Back 69

Intermediate cells

Hint 69

Parabasal cells, Basal Cells, Endometrial Cells, Intermediate Cells

Front 70

Boat-shaped intermediate cells that has a strong tendency to curl

Back 70

Navicular cell

Hint 70

Basal cell, Navicular cell, Pregnancy cell, Endometrial Cell

Front 71

Round, oval, or boat-shaped cell with nucleus at the side due to glycogen accumulation

Back 71

Pregnancy cells

Hint 71

Basal cell, Navicular cell, Pregnancy cell

Front 72

Round to oval cell with large vesicular nucleus

Back 72

Parabasal cell

Hint 72

Basal Cell, Intermediate Cell, Endometrial Cell

Front 73

Small round to slightly oval cells with relatively large nuclei and strongly basophilic cytoplasm

Back 73

Basal cells

-seen before puberty and after menopause

Hint 73

Parabasal cell, Basal cell, Pregnancy cell, Endometrial cell

Front 74

Cells occuring in tightly pack of 3 or more foubd durung 1-10 days after menstruation and sheds in response to ovarian hormones.

Back 74

Endometrial Cells

Hint 74

Endocervical Cells, Endometrial Cells, Basal Cells

Front 75

Finely vacuolated cells showing honeycomb appearance when viewed on the end

Back 75

Endocervical cells

Hint 75

Endocervical Cells, Endometrial Cells, Basal Cells

Front 76

Abnormal cells seen in diabetic patients characteristic of sish kebab appearance

Back 76

Candida albicans

Hint 76

Candida, Doderlein bacillus