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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
bacillus, coccus, spirillum
shapes |
rods, spheres, and spirals
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why are chanoflaggelates what early animals look liked?
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they posses a collar similar to sponges, lack chloroplasts, free living and posses variable #s of flagella, heterotrophic, use phagocytosis and pionocytosis
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sperm producing gametangium
egg producing gametangium |
antheridium
archegonium |
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paraphyletic
polyphyletic |
some but not all descendants
multiple unrelated ancestors |
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cyanobacteria ex.'s
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anabaena, nostic, oscillatoria
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actinomycetes
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branching filaments and produce spores, used in antibiotics, soil bacteria
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chemoautotrophs
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energy from inorganic chemicals, nitrogen cycle
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enterobacteria
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E.Coli, bubaonic plague, live in intestines
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pseudomonads
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rodlike with flagella, soil bacteria and plant pathegans, whooping cough
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heterocysts
akinetes |
nitrogen fixing cells
thick walled dormant spores |
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3 innovations of euks
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1) sexual reproduction
2) nuclei and membrane bound organelles 3) linear DNA |
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radiolarians
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axopodia
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formaniferans
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S.K. Sarcodina
calcerous test amoeba, chaos, difflugia |
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Sarcodina
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lack permanent locomoter organelles
use pseudopodia |
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3 types of pseudopodia
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lobopodia, filopodia, reticulopodia
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Phytomastigophora
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have chloplasts, autotrophic flagellates, asexual reproduction, homokaryotic
e.g. Euglena |
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Zoomastigophora
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flagellate protists, lack chloroplasts, heterotrophic
e.g. trypanosoma(african sleeping sickness), trichonympha(termites) |
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Ciliophora
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posses cilia used for locomotion and generates feed currents, rigid pellicle, distinct cytosome, and are dikaryotic, sexual or asexual
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ciliophora examples
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stentor, vorticella, paramecuium, Didinium
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Apicomplexa
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posses apical complex, sporelike cells produced asexually, and zygotes sexually, gregarines(parasites of inverts) and coccidians (animal parasites)
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Rhodophyta
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red algae, chlorophylls a&d, only organism. capture blue wavelengths, reduce competition,
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S.K. Stramenophila
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2 flagella, whiplash is smaller, tinsel is longer,
Phaeophyta and Bacillariophyta |
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Phaeophyta
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Brown algae, ectocarpus, isomporphic alternation of generations, isogamous
diploid sporophytes, but heteromorphic in laminaria |
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unilocular sporangium
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meiosis only
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laminaria
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holdfast, attaches to rocks,
stipe= stem blades= diploid sporophytes produce sporangia, meiosis occurs and produces haploid meiospores, heteromporphic alternation of generations |
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bacillariophyta
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epiphytic or planktonic diatoms, frustules=cell walls, pennate(freshwater) vs. centric(marine)
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epitheca and hypotheca
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diatom splits and epitheca's grow new hypotheca and the hypotheca becomes the epitheca nd grows a new hypotheca, getting smaller and smaller, ultimately sheds both valves and protoplast grows and develops new epitheca and hypotheca
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ectocarpus
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isomporhic alternation of generations
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laminaria
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heteromorphic alternation of generations
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gregarines
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invertebrate parasites
termites, trichanympha, Apicomplexa |
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coccidians
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vertebrate parastites
malaria trypanosoma, Plasmodium |
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Charophyta
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persistent mitotic spindles, nodal growth, stoneworts
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Chlorophyta
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green algae, pectin 2 whiplash flagella, chlorophyll b, starch, horseshoe shaped chloroplast
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Hepatophyta
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gametophyte is dominant stage(thallus), sporophyte dependant on gametophyte for nutrition, marchantia, liverworts
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spirochetes
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endoflagella, syphilis
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euryarcheota
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extreme halophiles
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trichocyst
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defense mechanism in a paramecium, spikes
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cytostome
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mouth parts of paramecium
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pellicle
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provides rigidity to ciliates
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reef builders and floridean starch
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rhodophyta
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persistent mitotic spindles
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charophyta
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gametophyte is dominant stage of life
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hepatophyta
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horse-shoe shaped chloroplast
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Chlorophyta
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