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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the MOA of trimethoprim? What other drugs target this?
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inhibit dihydrofolate reductase, preventing reduction of folic acid thus decreasing tetrahydrofolate
methotrexate, pyrimethamine (anti-malarial) |
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how does sulfamethoxazole work?
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structural analog of PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid)
competes w/PABA to inhibit dihydrofolic acid synthesis, an intermediate step in formation of tetrahydrofolate used for sequential block w/trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole block is first (dihydrofolate syntehesis), trimethoprim is second (dihydrofolate reductase, uses substrate) S first, then T (alphabetical) |
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eradication of h. pylori ulcer?
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Triple therapy:
PPI, erythromycin, and metronidazole OR amoxicillin Quardruple therapy? |
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Ribaviran?
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RSV and Hep C
nucleoside analog inhibits synthesis of guanine |
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Oseltamivir?
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influenza A & B
sialic acid analogue inhibits viral neuraminidases of influenza A and B |
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Ganciclovir?
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anti-herpesvirus guaninen nucleoside analogue
(structurally similar to gangciclovir) distinguished by its greater activity against CYTOMEGALOVIRUS DNA polymerase |
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Lamivudine?
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anti-retroviral nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor to tx HIV
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Amantadine?
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impairs uncoatin gof inluenza A virion after host cell endocytosis
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interferon-alpha tx?
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used to combat HBV and HCV
naturally released by eukaryotic cells in response to viral infection |
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tx for lung abscesses in alcoholic?
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clindamycin (covers anaerobic, oral flora)
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tx for bacterial STD?
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ceftriaxone - N. meningitidis
azithromycin (single dose) or doxycycline (multiple) - Chlamydia simultaneous |
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tx for pustule spreading to involve several hair ollicles?
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penicillinase-resistant penicillincs (nafcillin, methicillin, oxacillin)
NOT for MRSA, wiill cover s. epi & non mrsa s. aureus |
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nafcillin to tx?
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empiric tx of skin & soft tissue infections --> s. aureus
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meds used to tx TB? Characteristic toxicities?
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RIPE
ALL are associated w/hepatotoxicity Isoniazid - inhibit mycolic acid synthesis -peripheral neuropathy Rifampin - directly inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase -reddish orange bodily secretions Ethambutol - inhibits carbohydrate polymerization, & thus peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis -optic neurotis - decreased visual acuity, central scotoma, color blindness Pyrazinamide - binds ribosomal prtn inhibiting trans-translocation (used to think FAS1) -is most active intracellularly, diffuses back in when leaks out & is protonated -joint pain |
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how does probenecid relate to antibiotics?
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it decreases renal clearance of penicillins
inhibits tubular organic acid secretion system utlized to prolong action of penicillin in some settings |
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what is terbinafine? Moa? Used for?
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antifungal
inhibits squalene epoxidase, which then inhibits synthesis of ergosterol of fungal membrane used for topical infections, dermatophytosis |
