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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
ANATOMY MEANS??
STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE BODY. HOW THE PARTS ARE PUT TOGETHER |
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PHYSIOLOGY MEANS??
STUDY OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE BODY. HOW THE BODY PARTS WORK |
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5 STRUCTURAL LEVELS OF BODY ORGANIZATION
1. CHEMICAL 2. CELLULAR 3. TISSUE 4. ORGAN 5. SYSTEM |
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WHAT DOES THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE MEAN?
ATOMS AND MOLECULES - CHON |
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WHAT DOES THE CELLULAR STRUCTURE MEAN?
SMALLEST LIVING UNITS OR CELLS-MUSCLE |
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WHAT DOES THE TISSUE STRUCTURE MEAN?
GROUP OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF TISSUE TOGETHER TO PERFORM A FUNCTION |
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WHAT DOES THE SYSTEM STRUCTURE MEAN?
VARIOUS ORGANS ARRANGED TO PERFORM COMPLEX BODY FUNCTIONS-CIRCULATORY SYSTEM |
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ANATOMICAL POSITION MEANS?
REFERENCE POSITION USED TO DESCRIBE BODY PARTS AND REGIONS. STANDING, ARMS AT SIDE, PALMS FORWARD, HEAD AND FEET POINTING FORWARD |
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ANATOMICAL DIRECTIONS
1. SUPERIOR--TOWARD HEAD 2. INFERIOR--TOWARD FEET 3. ANTERIOR/VENTRAL--FRONT SIDE 4. POSTERIOR/DORSAL--BACK SIDE 5. MEDIAL-TOWARD MIDLINE OF BODY 6. LATERAL-TOWARD THE SIDE OF BODY-AWAY FROM MIDLINE |
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ANATOMICAL DIRECTIONS
7. PROXIMAL--NEAR TRUNK OF THE BODY 8. DISTAL--FARTHEST AWAY FROM TRUNK OF THE BODY 9. SUPERFICIAL--NEAR BODY SURFACE 10. DEEP--FARTHEST AWAY FROM BODY SURFACE |
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BODY PLANES
1. SAGITTAL--DIVIDES BODY INTO RIGHT AND LEFT SECTIONS 2. MIDSAGITTAL-2 EQUAL HALVES 3. FRONTAL--DIVIDES INTO ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR 4. TRANSVERSE--DIVIDES INTO UPPER & LOWER |
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BODY CAVITIES: VENTRAL & DORSAL
1. VENTRAL: FRONT--THORACIC CAVITY, HEART AND LUNGS - - - - - DIAPHRAGM- - - - - - - - 2. ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY--INCLUDES INTESTINES AND OTHER INTERNAL ORGANS |
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BODY CAVITIES
2. DORSAL: BACK CRANIAL CAVITY--INCLUDES BRAIN SPINAL CAVITY--INCLUDES SPINAL CORD |
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WHAT IS CHEMISTRY??
1. STUDY OF MATTER WHAT IS MATTER?? ANYTHING THAT HAS WEIGHT AND TAKES UP SPACE |
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WHAT IS AN ATOM?
1. SMALLEST PART OF A SUBSTANCE 3 PARTS OF AN ATOM 1. PROTONS 2. NEUTRONS 3. ELECTRONS |
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WHAT ARE PROTONS?
1. POSITIVE PART FOUND IN NUCLEUS WHAT ARE NEUTRONS? 1. NO CHARGE IN NUCLEUS WITH PROTONS WHAT ARE ELECTRONS? 1. NEGATIVE CHARGE OUTSIDE NUCLEUS IN ORBITS |
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PROTONS AND NEUTRONS IN THE NUCLEUS
*PROTONS WILL EQUAL NEUTRONS 2 ON FIRST LEVEL 8 ON NEXT LEVEL |
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MOLECULE??
1. TWO OR MORE ATOMS UNITED TOGETHER 2 KINDS OF MOLECULES 1. ELEMENT 2. COMPOUND |
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ELEMENT?
1. MADE OF LIKE ATOMS (O2) OR (H2) COMPOUND? 1. MADE OF UNLIKE ATOMS (H20) OR (C02) IONS? 1. ELECTRICALLY CHARGED ATOMS |
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ELECTROLYTES?
1. MOLECULES THAT FORM IONS WHEN IN SOLUTION **OPPOSITE CHARGES ATTRACT--LIKE CHARGES REPEL |
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IONIC BONDING MEANS? ELECTRON TRANSFER
(1) 4 OR MORE WANTS TO GIVE (2) 5 OR MORE WANTS TO TAKE (3) NOT STABLE FALL APART EASY (4) LOSS OF ONE OR MORE ELECTRONS BY AN ATOM & GAIN OF THOSE ELECTRONS BY ANOTHER, RESULT=POSITIVE & NEGATIVE ATOMS THAT ATTRACT |
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AXIAL--INCLUDES
1. HEAD 2. NECK 3. TORSO 4. TRUNK |
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APPENDICULAR--INCLUDES
1. LIMBS --ARMS AND LEGS |
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WHAT IS HOMEOSTASIS?
1. RELATIVE CONSTANCY OF INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT 2. STATE OF BALANCE WITHIN THE BODY NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN HEALTH & SURVIVAL |
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2 FEEDBACK LOOPS
1. NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP--OPPOSE A CHANGE IN CONDITION (BODY GETS COLD, MUSCLES SHIVER TO INCREASE THE BODY TEMP) 2. POSITIVE FEEDBACK LOOP--THEY ARE STIMULATORY THAT AMPLIFY THE CHANGE OCCURING (CONTRACTIONS WHEN HAVING A BABY) |
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COVALENT BONDING MEANS?
ELECTRON SHARING 1. TWO OR MORE ELECTRONS SHARE ELECTRONS ON THEIR OUTER SHELL. NOT EASILY BROKEN |
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PH, ACIDS, BASES
PH? THE CONCENTRATION OF HYDROGEN IONS H+ ACIDS? COMPOUND THAT GIVES OFF H+ IONS BASE? COMPOUND THAT PICKS UP H+ IONS |
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PH SCALE
( 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14) 1-6 ACID 7-NEUTRAL 8-ABOVE ALKALINE BLOOD IS 7.35-7.45 (SLIGHTLY ALKALINE) |
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--MUSCLES OF HEAD AND NECK--
ORBICULARIS OCULI--CLOSE EYE (WINK/SQUINT) ORBICULARIS ORIS--CLOSE MOUTH (PUCKER) BUCCINATOR--PUFF UP CHEEKS & WHISTLE MASSETER--CLOSES JAW FOR CHEWING STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID--TOTATES & FLEXES HEAD & NECK |
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--MUSCLES OF UPPER EXTREMITIES--
1. TRAPEZIUS-EXTEND HEAD & NECK, ADDUCT SCAPULA 2. LATISSIMUS DORSI-EXTENDS & ADDUCTS UPPER ARM (SWIM) 3. PECTORALIS MAJOR-FLEXES & ADDUCTS ARM 4. DELTOID-ABDUCT UPPER ARM (INJECTION SITE) 5. BICEPS BRACHII-FLEXES FOREARM 6. TRICEPS BRACHII-EXTENDS FOREARM |
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MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK & FUNCTIONS
1. DIAPHRAGM-FUNCTION (RESPIRATIONS) 2. EXTERNAL INTERCOASTALS 3. EXTERNAL & INTERNAL OBLIQUE, TRANSVERS ABDOMINIS AND RECTUS ABDOMINIS (COMPRESSES ABDOMEN & FLEXES TRUNK) |
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MUSCLES OF LOWER EXTEMITIES--
1. GLUTEUS MAXIMUS--EXTENDS THIGH 2. GLUTEUS MEDIUS-ABDUCTS THIGH-INJECTION 3. ADDUCTORS--ADDUCT THIGH 4. SARTORIS-FLEXES THIGH & ROTATE LOWER LEG, TO CROSS LEGS |
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MORE MUSCLES OF THE LOWER EXTEMITIES--
5. QUADRICEPS (RECTUS FEMORIS (INJECTION), AND VASTUS LATERALIS (INJECTION)..EXTEND LOWER LEG (KICK) 6. BICEPS FEMORIS (HAMSTRING GROUP)-FLEXES LOWER LEG 7. GASTROCNEMIUS--EXTEND FOOT (PLANTAR FLEX) POINT TOE 8. TIBIALIS ANTERIOR-DORSIFLEX FOOT--PULLING FOOT UP (WALK ON HILLS) |
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BASIC STRUCTURE OF SKELETAL SYSTEM:
1. BONES 2. JOINTS 3. MADE OF HARD CONNECTIVE TISSUE 4. CALCIUM MAKES BONES HARD |
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FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM:
1. SUPPORTS, PROVIDES A FRAMEWORK 2. PROTECTS INTERNAL ORGANS 3. HELPS MAKE MOVEMENT POSSIBLE 4. STORES CALCIUM 5. BLOOD CELL FORMATION |
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TYPES OF BONES
1. LONG--UPPER ARM, LEG 2. SHORT--WRIST AND HAND 3. FLAT--SKULL AND RIBS, PELVIS,STERNUM 4. IRREGULAR--VERTEBRAE AND KNEE CAP |
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PARTS OF A LONG BONE
1. DIAPHYSIS--SHAFT 2. EPIPHYSIS-END OF THE BONE 3. MEDULLARY CAVITY-HOLLOW AREA IS DIAPHYSIS 4. YELLOW BONE MARROW-BLOOD CELL PRODUCING TISSUE IN EPIPHYSES & FLAT BONES |
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**MORE PARTS OF A LONG BONE**
PERIOSTEUM--CONNECTIVE TISSUE MEMBRANE THAT COVERS DIAPHYSIS ENDOSTEUM--CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT LINES MEDULLARY CAVITY ARTICULAR CARTILAGE-THIN LAYER OF CARTILAGE THAT COVERS EPIPHSIS |
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COMPACT BONE
1. HARD DENSE BONE 2. FOUND ON OUTER PART OF EPIPHYSIS & THE BULK OF DIAPHYSIS 3. COMPOSED OF MANY LAYERS OF CALCIFIED MATRIX W/HAVERSIAN OR CENTRAL CANALS, THAT SERVE AS PASSAGEWAYS FOR BLOOD VESSELS & NERVES |
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SPONGY BONE--POROUS BONE
1. HAS MANY SPACES 2. FOUND INSIDE THE EPIPHYSIS 3. FILLED WITH RED BONE MARROW |
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CRAINAL BONES
1. FRONTAL--FOREHEAD 2. PARIETAL--TOP & UPPER LATERAL HEAD 3. TEMPORAL--"EAR" AREA-LOWER LATERAL HEAD 4. OCCIPITAL--BACK OF THE HEAD 5. SPHENOID |
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