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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Neolithic Revolution?
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- the transition from a hunter gather society to agricultural society
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What were the effects of the Neolithic Revolution?
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- ice age, disease, population growth, beginning of civilization
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How did the Sumerians view the afterlife?
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- negatively
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What types of politics did the Sumerians have?
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- kings with city states
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Where do the Sumerians worship there gods?
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- ziggurat
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What is a ziggurat?
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- Sumerian temple
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What is cuneiform?
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- sumerian form of writing
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Who was Hammurabi?
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- wrote the law code
- eye for an eye concept - equality between people of the same class |
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How did the Egyptians view the afterlife?
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- pleasant, good
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What were politics like in Egypt?
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- kings practiced ma'at
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What was the women's role in Egypt?
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- she could own property but could not vote of hold political office
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Who is King Narmer?
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- he is known for the unification of Egypt
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What is Ma'at?
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- doing what is right
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Who are the Hyksos? Who are the Sea Peoples?
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- foreigners from Canaan, immigrants
- pirates, fearsome, raiders or attackers |
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Who is Hatshepsut?
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- first female Pharaoh who disguises herself as a male
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Who is Akahenaten? What did he emphasis?
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- heretic king
- emphasis on worshiping one new god |
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What was the Phoenicians most important contribution?
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- alphabet
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Who was the main enemy of the Hebrews?
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- the Philistines
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Who was the first patriarch of the Hebrew people?
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- Abraham
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What is the Hebrew covenant?
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- to worship Yahweh and Yahweh alone.
- Yahweh gives law to Moses |
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What is significant about Moses?
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- he receives the law on Mount Sinai
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What is the tabernacle?
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- a portable place of worship for the Hebrews
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What was King David's major accomplishments?
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- defeated philistines, made Jerusalem capital, established government - tax collection systems and democracy
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Who built the Hebrew temple?
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- King Solomon
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Who built the temple and who destroyed it?
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- Solomon built it
- Babylonians destroyed it |
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What was Assyrian's process of empire building like?
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- terror, force, deportations, tribute, worship of Assur - god of war
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Who defeated the Assyrian Empire?
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- Medes and babylonians
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What was Persia's process of empire building like?
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- toleration
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Who was the founder of the Persian Empire?
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- Cyrus the Great
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What was Darius I accomplishments?
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- satrapies and the royal road
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What is a satrapies?
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- territory, how the Persian Empire divides into administrative territories, or Providences
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What type of teaching in zoroastrianism?
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- moral dualism - world is divided into 2 opposing forces - good and evil - that are conflicting with each other
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What is the importance of the Ionian Revolt?
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- it leads to Athens involvement with Persia
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What are the 3 Persian Wars?
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- Battle of Marathon
- Battle of Thermopylae - Battle of Salamis |
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What is the Battle of Marathon?
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- when Persians attacks Athenians, wanted to punish for serving in Ionian Revolt
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What is the Battle of Thermopylae?
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- Spartans get to show emphasis on courage and bravery
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Who wins the Battle of Salamis? How?
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- Athens win
- how: sea battle, lures Persian ships into narrow space |
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What is the significance of Persian War for Western civilization today?
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- Athens won, so it preserved the cultural that would affect the western civilization
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What is the Greeks government structure like?
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- city states
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Why was citizenship important in Greece?
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- you can vote
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What was the role of women like in Greek?
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- there was a restriction for women. They couldn't vote or hold political office
- however, they could be citizens |
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What is the Polis?
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- Greek word for city
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What are hoplites?
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- soldiers that had to purchase armor and fight in a phalanx
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What is a phalanx?
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- military formation
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Who were the Helots?
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- slaves to the Spartns
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Who is Solon of Athens? What does he do?
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- an archon
- cancels private debts of citizens, bans seling citizens into slavery, connects political power to wealth instead of birth |
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What is an Arhcon?
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- a judge or magistrate
- unique to Athens |
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What is a tyrant?
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- person who has sole political power, will use power for good sometimes (public work projects), gain goodwill of the people
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What is ostracism?
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- temporarily exiling citizens out of city prevent to becoming tyrant
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What does Pericles establish? How does he restrict citizenship?
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- he establishes direct democracy - any male citizen can propose legislation
- both parents have to be citizens, archons |
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What was the Peloponnesian War/ Delian League?
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- it was initially a millitary alliance and tries to build an empire with it instead (main Greek city state - Sparta) (athens = delian league)
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How did the Peloponnesian War begin? What is the result?
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- Athens bothers, Sparta attacks to prevent building an empire
- sparta wins |
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What is the importance of the Peloponnesian War? What happens to Athens
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- Greece falls apart politically
- thirty tyrants |
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Who are the thirty tyrants?
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- people from Athens who really like Sparta
they destroyed democracy in Athens - eventually kicked out |
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Who is Plato?
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- philosopher who things that kings who are philosophers should run the government
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Who is Aristotle?
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- he emphasized observation
- tutored Alexander the Great |
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What was Alexander the Greats method of empire building?
How does he try to bring the people together? How does he try to achieve this? |
- mixed of terror and toleration based on level resistance
- mixing cultures (Hellenism) - adopts a lot of Persian customs, founding new cities, mixed marriage and military |
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Who does Alexander the Great leave in charge?
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- he doesn't name an heir, and he dies
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Why is the Battle of Chaeronea important? What does it do to Greece?
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- battle where King Philip conquers Greek city states
- falls under Macedonia control |
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What is Hellenism?
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- attempt to blend different cultures together
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What is ruler cults?
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- worship of a powerful king or queen
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What is the Maccabees revolt?
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- where Judas the Maccabees starts a revolt
- contamination of Jewish temple with Greek gods |
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What is the Socratic Method?
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- Socrates method of teaching through conversation, in which he asked probing questions to make his listeners examine their most cherished assumptions.
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