Hesi A2

Front 1

Impervious

Back 1

Impenetrable; not allowing fluid/anything to pass through

Front 2

Docile

Back 2

Compliant

Front 3

Distended

Back 3

Enlarged or expanded from pressure

Front 4

Deleterious

Back 4

Causing harm or damage

Front 5

Depress

Back 5

press downward

Front 6

Contract

Back 6

to draw together, to reduce in size

Front 7

Constrict

Back 7

to draw together or become smaller

Front 8

Concise

Back 8

Brief, to the point

Front 9

Concave

Back 9

rounded inward

Front 10

Cavity

Back 10

an opening or am empty area

Front 11

Anodyne

Back 11

alleviates pain

Front 12

Adverse

Back 12

undesired, possibly harmful

*vomiting is an adverse effect of many medications

Front 13

Comprehensive

Back 13

complete

Front 14

Aegis

Back 14

protection, support of person or organization

Front 15

Distal

Back 15

farthest or far away from a point

Front 16

Aural

Back 16

control; relating to the ear or sense of hearing

Front 17

Acute

Back 17

symptoms appear and change or worsen rapidly

Front 18

Etiology

Back 18

the cause, set of causes of a disease

Front 19

Chronic

Back 19

develops and worsen over an extended period of time

Front 20

Otic

Back 20

relating to the ear

Front 21

Assent

Back 21

expression of approval or agreement

Front 22

Convoluted

Back 22

Complex

Front 23

Contingent

Back 23

dependent

Front 24

Lateral

Back 24

on the side

Front 25

Cursory

Back 25

Quick; hasty

Front 26

Endogenous

Back 26

produced WITHIN the body

Front 27

Exogenous

Back 27

produced OUTSIDE the body

Front 28

Vivify

Back 28

enliven or animate

Front 29

Transdermal

Back 29

crossing through the skin

Front 30

Progeny

Back 30

offspring

Front 31

Paroxysmal

Back 31

Beginning suddenly or abruptly; convulsive

Front 32

Lethargic

Back 32

difficult to arouse

Front 33

Kinetic

Back 33

related to movement

Front 34

Labile

Back 34

changing rapidly or often

Front 35

Panacea

Back 35

Cure

Front 36

Predispose

Back 36

make more susceptible or likely to occur

Front 37

Manifestation

Back 37

indication or sign of a condition

Front 38

Occluded

Back 38

Closed or obstructed

Front 39

Untoward

Back 39

adverse or negative

Front 40

Overt

Back 40

Obvious; easily observed

Front 41

Patent

Back 41

Patent

Front 42

Insidious

Back 42

So gradual as to not become apparent for a long time

Front 43

Virulent

Back 43

extremely harmful and severe

Front 44

Posterior

Back 44

behind

Front 45

Ubiquitous

Back 45

present, appearing or found anywhere

Front 46

Compensatory

Back 46

Offsetting or making up for something

Front 47

Exposure

Back 47

contact

Front 48

Invasive

Back 48

Inserting or entering into a body part

Front 49

Ominous

Back 49

Significantly important and dangerous

Front 50

Pathogenic

Back 50

Causing or able to cause disease

Front 51

Pathology

Back 51

Processes, causes and effects of a disease; abnormality

Front 52

Precipitous

Back 52

Rapid, uncontrolled

Front 53

Sublingual

Back 53

under the tongue

Front 54

Exacerbated

Back 54

to make things worse

Front 55

Latent

Back 55

hidden

Front 56

Void

Back 56

to urinate

Front 57

Vitamin K is created in the:

Back 57

Intestinal tract

The intestinal tract contains bacteria that synthesize vitamin K that can be used throughout our body.

Front 58

Largest organ in the body

Back 58

Skin

Front 59

Study of tissues

Back 59

histology

Front 60

Erythropoiesis

Back 60

process which produces erythrocytes (red blood cells); RBC formation

Front 61

Hemopoiesis.

Back 61

Blood cell formation

Front 62

What is the relationship between sarcomeres and muscle cells?

Back 62

Muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres.

Front 63

A person who has torn their vastus lateralis muscle will need which of the following?

Back 63

A cane or crutch

The vastus lateralis muscle is a voluntary muscle in the legs. It is a part of the quadriceps. This person will most likely need a cane or crutches to assist in walking.

Front 64

Muscles produce contraction due to the sliding action of:

Back 64

filaments

During muscle contraction, filaments slide together by using energy supplied by ATP.

Front 65

The medulla oblongata has what primary responsibility?

Back 65

Vital functions

The medulla oblongata is responsible for basic vital functions, including respiration and heart rate.

Front 66

What do Simple reflexes, also known as a spinal reflexes do?

Back 66

travel through the spinal cord only, and do not reach the brain.

Front 67

What is the primary role of estrogen in the female reproductive system?

Back 67

thicken the endometrium in preparation for pregnancy.

Front 68

What is the role of cortisol?

Back 68

Reduce inflammation, raise blood sugar level and Inhibit the release of histamine.

Front 69

How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal cord?

Back 69

31

Front 70

The base of the skull is also known as:

Back 70

foramen magnum

Front 71

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP)

Back 71

acts as a secondary messenger that remains at the cell surface. (It is made by adenylate cyclase).

Front 72

Atomic Number

Back 72

is the # of protons, located at the top of

Front 73

Elements that are in the same column of the periodic table are in the same:

Back 73

group, they are 18 groups in periodic table

Front 74

What is the purpose of scientific notation?

Back 74

The purpose is to handle both smaller and bigger numbers more easily.

Front 75

Nano

Back 75

billionth

Front 76

Isotopes

Back 76

Elements which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. Elements with the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers.

Front 77

What is the charge on sodium in the compound NaCl ?

Back 77

+1

Front 78

A student is observing a chemical reaction occurring with visible bubbling. The bubbling eventually stops. The student can see that some of the original reactants are still intact inside the beaker, so he knows that not all the reactant has been used up. Therefore, the student knows he is now observing:

Back 78

Equilibrium

Front 79

Scientific notation

Back 79

scientific system of writing numbers

Front 80

Chemical reactions

Back 80

making or changing chemical bonds between elements or compounds to create new chemical compounds with different formulas and different chemical properties

Front 81

5 main types of chemical reactions:

Back 81

synthesis, decomposition, combustion, single replacement and double replacement

Front 82

Synthesis/Combination

Back 82

2 or more elements combine to form one product. Example potassium chloride salt. 2K + 2Cl becomes 2KCl

Front 83

Decomposition reaction

Back 83

breaking of a compound into its component parts. reactant split into 2 or more simpler products. Example NaCl breaks down NA+Cl-

Front 84

Anion

Back 84

atom with negative charge

Front 85

Cation

Back 85

atom with positive charge

Front 86

Combustion reaction

Back 86

carbon containing compound burns in oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water. Energy is released in the form of heat

Front 87

Single replacement reaction

Back 87

one element/more active metal takes the place of a less active metal/different element in another reacting compound. Example Zinc replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid

Zn +2HCl >>>>H2+ZnCl2

Front 88

Double replacement reaction

Back 88

2 elements/positive ions in the reactants exchange places. The reactants are 2 ionic compounds

Front 89

Equilibrium

Back 89

reactants are forming products at the same rate that products are forming reactants.

Front 90

Atomic Mass

Back 90

average mass of each of that element's isotopes

Front 91

how do you calculate the atomic mass

Back 91

To calculate the atomic mass, sum the number of protons and the number of neutrons inside of the nucleus.

Front 92

deci

Back 92

tenth

Front 93

centi

Back 93

hundredth

Front 94

milli

Back 94

thousandth

Front 95

micro

Back 95

millionth

Front 96

pico

Back 96

trillionth

Front 97

Lactate

Back 97

also known as lactic acid, is responsible for the muscle burning or cramping feeling that accompanies intense exercise.

Front 98

DNA is made up of which of the following nucleotides?

Back 98

Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine

Front 99

6 noble gases

Back 99

Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon

and all are stable because outer shells are filled/complete, non relative elements

Front 100

3 tiny bones of the middle ear:

Back 100

Malleus, Incus and Stapes

Front 101

Purpose of the tiny bones of the middle ear:

Back 101

transfer sound vibrations to the inner ear from the eardrum

Front 102

Function of nerve impulses in order to make body move

Back 102

cause contractions

Front 103

Hormones that prepare the female's breast for milk production originate in the:

Back 103

Placenta

Front 104

Principal function of circulatory system

Back 104

distribution of wastes includes distribution of nutrients, oxygen, wastes, hormones, electrolytes and acid-base balance. Principal organ: heart

Front 105

Function of the medulla

Back 105

maintains heart rate and breathing

Front 106

Cells that form compact bones:

Back 106

Osteoblasts

Front 107

innermost layer of the epidermis

Back 107

Stratum basale

Front 108

function of the valves in the circulatory system

Back 108

preventing reverse blood flow

Front 109

The valve on the right side of the heart

Back 109

Tricuspid

Front 110

shape of red blood cells

Back 110

discoid

Front 111

Layers of the digestive tract

Back 111

Serous, Muscular, sub mucous and mucous

Front 112

Neutrophils, Eosinophils and Basophils

Back 112

White blood cells

Front 113

Whites blood cells are known as

Back 113

Granulocytes

Front 114

The heart is________to the diaphragm

Back 114

Superior

Front 115

bones of the skull and rib cage parts of which skeleton

Back 115

axial

Front 116

Sternum

Back 116

breast bone

Front 117

Arteries

Back 117

carry blood away from the heart

Front 118

Viens

Back 118

carry blood towards the heart

Front 119

Synovial joints

Back 119

joints made of smooth cartilage pads that are filled and located at the end of articulating bones

Front 120

Red blood cells

Back 120

Erythrocytes

Front 121

Neutrophils

Back 121

attack and destroy bacteria and viruses

Front 122

Eosinophils

Back 122

fights against parasitic infections

Front 123

Basophils

Back 123

histamine-releasing allergens

Front 124

Luteinizing hormone

Back 124

produced by pituitary gland and helps the body regulate estrogen and testosterone

Front 125

inhalation requires the contraction of the diaphragm to:

Back 125

enlarge the thoracic cavity and bring air into the lungs

Front 126

Phagocytosis

Back 126

process in which a white blood cells eats again red blood cells and releases the contents into the blood

Front 127

Humerus

Back 127

upper arm

Front 128

Stages of Mitosis

Back 128

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telaphase

Front 129

Septum

Back 129

layer of muscle that divides the right and left ventricles from the right and left atria

Front 130

Ribosomes

Back 130

organelle known as the cell's protein factories and a unit membrane DOES NOT surround it

Front 131

How many amino acids are required to make all the proteins necessary for life

Back 131

20

Front 132

Sarcomere

Back 132

smallest unit of a muscle

Front 133

S block of the periodic table consists of

Back 133

Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals

Front 134

Endocrine system and nervous system meet at

Back 134

the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

Front 135

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 135

voluntary because the responses can be controlled consciously

Front 136

Peripheral Nervous System divides into:

Back 136

Somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system

Front 137

Central Nervous System

Back 137

processes information received from all over the body

Front 138

Diarthrosis

Back 138

freely movable joint i.e elbow

Front 139

Amphiarthroses

Back 139

slight amount of movement

Front 140

Synarthroses

Back 140

no movement

Front 141

which systems provide acid-base balance as one of its principal functions

Back 141

skeletal, respiratory and circulatory

Front 142

Transcription

Back 142

first step in the creation of mRNA from a strand of DNA

Front 143

Products of photosynthesis

Back 143

oxygen and glucose, which becomes the raw materials for cell respiration

Front 144

products of cell respiration

Back 144

water, carbon dioxide and ATP

Front 145

codon

Back 145

group of 3 bases found along the stretch of RNA are specific for amino acids

Front 146

Phenotype

Back 146

all the observable characteristics of an organism

Front 147

Rough ER

Back 147

organelle responsible for membrane production and protein synthesis

Front 148

Smooth ER

Back 148

responsible for detoxification and metabolism of various molecules

Front 149

Lysosomes

Back 149

responsible for intracellular digestion

Front 150

Mitochondria

Back 150

responsible for production of cell energy

Front 151

Iconic bond

Back 151

chemical bond that has relatively weak attraction between an anion and a cation

Front 152

covalent bond

Back 152

chemical bond that shares one or more pairs of electrons between nuclei

Front 153

van der waals

Back 153

chemical bond that has a weakest attraction of all bonds due to random disturbances int he electron clouds

Front 154

hydrogen bond

Back 154

chemical bond that has a weak attraction between polarized molecules

Front 155

Clause

Back 155

group of words that has a subject and predicate

Front 156

Epithelial tissue

Back 156

lines the outer covering of the body and organs

Front 157

4 types of animal tissue

Back 157

epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

Front 158

flat bones

Back 158

thin bones that have broad surfaces

Front 159

inner ear

Back 159

labyrinth

Front 160

Labyrinth or inner ear

Back 160

body's sense of balance

Front 161

Aortic valve

Back 161

responsible for opening in order to allow oxygen-rich blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta

Front 162

hair cells inside of the organ of Corti

Back 162

detect sound

Front 163

Sinoatrial node

Back 163

initiates the heart's intrinsic beat

Front 164

S phase

Back 164

when DNA is replicated

Front 165

G1, S and G2 phases

Back 165

Interphase

Front 166

DNA replication

Back 166

must first occur before a cell can be divided to grow, develop and reproduce organisms

Front 167

Meiosis

Back 167

process that determines the division of reproductive cells in a sexually reproducing organism

Front 168

Result of Meiosis one and Meiosis two

Back 168

4 daughter cells

Front 169

Pleiotropy

Back 169

one gene influencing multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits

Front 170

Enzymes (cell)

Back 170

catalyzed all of the reactions that occur in a cell

Front 171

What base does the adenine nitrogenous base bond with?

Back 171

Thymine

Front 172

Cellulose

Back 172

polysaccharide that is made by plants

Front 173

Glycogen

Back 173

polysaccharide that is made by animals

Front 174

Starches are known as

Back 174

Polysaccharides

Front 175

chemical bond

Back 175

formed when one ate, chemical or element is joined to another

Front 176

Chemical property causes water to conduct electricity

Back 176

Ions