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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was England's relationship with Brittany like in 1485? |
Brittany - Brittany had kept Henry in exile so he had some support from the independent Duchy of Brittany. This area was important as it meant that France did not control the whole coast |
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What was England's relationship with France like in 1485? |
- France had supported Henry with his invasion of England by giving him financial aid - Traditional enemy of England - France had largest and most professional army in Europe - Scotland and France had Auld Alliance |
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What was England's relationship with Scotland like in 1485? |
- Scotland was never a threat (smaller population and less income) - Auld alliance with France - Regular border raids so England had to keep expensive military bases at Berwick and Carlisle. |
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What was England's relationship with Spain like in 1485? |
- Spain was an emerging power in Europe (isabelle of Castille married Ferdinand) - Priorities were to drive muslims out of Granada and to secure the Northern Border. - Spain shared a common hatred for France. |
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What was England's relationship with Burgundy like in 1485? |
- England and Burgundy had strong trade links - cloth - Margaret of Burgundy was sister of RichardIII, this meant that Burgundy could be a potential place for Yorkist claimants to the throne. |
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What was England's relationship with the Holy Roman Empire like in 1485? |
- HRE covered a great deal of Central Europe and encompassed a number of different states - It would appear to be strong however because of the many different states, it was fundamentally weak. - The empire invaded Burgundy when Maximillian married Mary of Burgundy. |
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What was England's relationship with Italy like in 1485? |
- Italy was not a country in 1485 - collection of states - They were very rich and an attractive place to invade - Outbreak of the Italian Wars in 1494 took northern Europe's attention away from England |
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Aims - National Security |
- Auld Alliance, France and Scotland could invade from either side - Stop Yorkists gaining support in foreign countries - Trying to preserve Brittany's independance |
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Aims - Avoiding War |
- Try not to antagonize any country - Invade strategically (France - winter months) |
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Aims - Gaining European Allies |
- Alliance with Spain could potentially be very useful for England - Scotland and England had not had any peace for over 100 years so a peace treaty is needed - England needed to keep a stable relationship with burgundy as the cloth trade was important export for England. |
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Aims - Security and Recognition for Tudor dynasty |
- Needed a future male heir to the throne - Marriage alliances with sons could create better relationships and gain recognition - Successful invasions would show Henry's power - Composing treaties |
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Aims - Improving Trade |
- Keeping trade relationship with burgundy - Improving economic usefulness with improving relations with Spain through Medina del Campo - Improving financial position for England to help future heirs |
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How successful was Henry's Foreign Policy towards France? (Breton crisis 1) |
-1483 Charles VIII became king of France - Duke of Brittany, Francis II, was dying and wanted to preserve the independence of Brittany - He had no male heirs but he had a daughter, Anne of Brittany - he wanted her to marry Maximillian (HRE) |
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How successful was Henry's Foreign Policy towards France? (Breton crisis 2) |
- Charles VIII(french king) wanted to marry Anne of Brittany to unite France so the French invaded Brittany - Anti-French alliance which included Spain, England and the HRE agreed to send in troops to Brittany (war looks likely) - HRE and Spain pulled out of this agreement - Brittany accepted defeat to the French |
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How successful was Henry's Foreign Policy towards France? (Breton crisis 3) |
-Henry prepared an invasion of 26,000 men in September 1492 ( invade at winter) - France were more interested in invading Italy so the treaty of Etaples was signed in 1492. |
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What was the Treaty of Etaples? |
An agreement between France and England - The terms: - England would remove all troops from France, and France would regain Calais - In return, France would cover the costs of England's invasion and they would pay 50,000 crowns each year - accumulating to 5% of the royal income. |
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What were the Treaty of Redon and the treaty of Dordrecht? |
Treaty of Redon - Henry agreed to Brittany that Henry would sendtleast roops to support them |
