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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the reservoir for Arena viruses?
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Rodents
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What is the structure and genome of the arena virus family?
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They are spherical virions with helical nucleocapsid and lipid envelopes with a segmented -ssRNA
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What are the important viruses of the arena family?
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lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, lassa virus, and the machupo & junin viruses
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Describe the symptoms caused by the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and from what animals is it usually obtained?
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This virus causes a spectrum of diseases from fever to meningitis and encephalitis; usually seen in house mice and pet rodents in the US
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Describe the transmission of arenaviruses
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They are transmitted via aerosolized animal excretions that enter via the respiratory tract
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Where is the Lassa virus commonly found and what sort of disease occurs?
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The Lassa virus is commonly found in West Africa and causes hemorrhagic fever and deafness
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Where are the Machupo and Junin viruses found and what disease do they cause?
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They are found in Bolivia and Argentina and cause hemorrhagic fever
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What is the important genus of the Bunyavirus family and what is its structure and genome?
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The hantavirus has a helical nucleocapsid with 3 segments of -ssRNA
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Describe the transmission of the hantavirus
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It is transmitted by inhaling aerosolized rodent poop
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Describe the Korean hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and name the causative virus
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It is a hemorrhagic fever and nephropathy caused by the hantaanvirus
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What virus causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and what is the natural reservoir?
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This is caused by the Sin Nombre virus and the natural reservoir is the deer mouse
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What assays are used to identify the Sin Nombre virus in hantavirus respiratory syndrome?
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RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining of the lung tissue as well as ELISA to detect ant-hantavirus IgM or IgG in the serum
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What are the clinical features of hantavirus respiratory syndrome?
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This is a febrile illness with bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltrates and respiratory compromise that requires supplemental oxygen and develops in a previously healthy person
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What is the current mortality of the hantavirus respiratory syndrome?
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35%
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Describe the structure and genome of filoviruses
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They are long and filamentous with a lipid envelope and -ssRNA
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Describe the transmission of filoviruses
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They are transmitted from infected and diseased non-human primates with unknown natural reservoirs
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Name the two viruses of the filoviruses family
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Ebola and Marburg
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Describe the mortality of the hemorrhagic fever caused by the Ebola virus
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It has a high mortality usually around 90%
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What is the major mode of transmission of the Ebola virus and what has been proposed as the natural reservoir?
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The major mode of transmission is contact with blood or blood contaminated body fluids of people who have been infected; the proposed reservoir is fruit eating bats
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What virus had an outbreak in 1995 in central Africa?
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The Ebola virus
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What are the symptoms of Ebola virus infection?
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It causes a hemorrhagic fever with initial non-specific symptoms leading to diarrhea, vomiting, and internal and external bleeding leading to death
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