Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what does a common myeloid progenitor turn into? common lymphoid progenitor?
|
- common myeloid progenitor: granulocyte macrophage progenitor & megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor
- common lymphoid progenitor: proB & proT |
|
|
what happened when irradiated bone marrow was transferred into lethally irradiated mice?
|
- macroscopic spleen colonies were observed early after transplant
|
|
|
what is autologous? syngeneic? allogeneic? halpoloidentical?
|
- autologous: patients own bone marrow (can be from bone marrow or peripheral blood after mobilization)
- syngeneic: from identical twin - allogeneic: HLA-matched sibling - haploidentical: parent |
|
|
what does it mean that stem cells are undifferentiated & mainly quiescent? assymetric division?
|
- do not have any mature markers = undifferentiated
- do not divide often, maybe once a month - assymetric division means that they generate one daughter cell that differentiates & self renews |
|
|
what are the cell surface antigens of stem cells?
|
- mouse: Lin-Kit+Sca1+
- Human: Lin-Kit+CD34+ |
|
|
how do progenitor cells differ from stem cells?
|
- more common, express some markers of myeloid cells
- actively proliferating - lack ability to self renew (aka CANNOT repopulate irradiated recipients) - require & respond to specific growth factors, need these to grow! |
|
|
what happens in cyclic neutropenia and what did this tell us about the time course of stem cells?
|
- cyclic neutropenia is something happens and destroys all progenitor cells (defect in neutrophil elastase)
- takes 21 days to make new mature granulocytes |
|
|
what happens to the amount of growth factors you need from CMP to mature cells?
|
- need a lot more for CMP, then need less and less to get to mature cells
|
|
|
what do EPO & TPO differ?
|
- TPO constantly produced by liver
|
|
|
how is EPO regulated? TPO?
|
- EPO: kidneys sense anemia & release EPO --> bone marrow to stimulate red cell production
- TPO: produced by liver, has receptors on CFU-Mk, Megakaryocytes, platelets --> when bind receptor it is internalized |
|
|
what are the levels of TPO like in thrombocytosis? thrombocytopenia?
|
- low in thrombocytosis b/c binding to all the receptors & being internalized
- high in thrombocytopenia b/c binding to platelet receptors but not a lot of them - helps to regulate amount of circulating TPO - which binds to megakaryoctyes to stimulate platelet production |
|
|
what receptor do the myeloid growth factors act on?
|
- JAK2 tyrosine kinase
|
|
|
where does blood cell development mainly take place?
|
- near endosteum & vascular lumens
|
|
|
what happened to transplantation in the cells with the messed up microenvironment vs cells with true stem cell anemia?
|
- when microenvironment cells transplanted into another defective mouse the stem cells were fine
- when unhealthy cells transplanted into defective mouse the stem cells caused anemia |
|
|
when do the cells begin to look morphologically different?
|
- at terminal stages of differentiation
|
|
|
what are the cells of the myeloid differentiation series?
|
- myeloblasts --> promyelocytes --> neutrophil myelocytes --> neutrophil metamyelocyte --> band neutrophils --> segmented neutrophils
|
|
|
what are the cells of the erythroid differentiation series?
|
- pronormoblasts --> basophilic normoblasts --> polychromatic normoblasts --> orthochromatic --> nucleated erythrocyte --> reticulocyte
|
|
|
what is endomitosis? who does this?
|
- megakaryocytes do this - it is repeated DNA synthesis w/ no cell division (can have 64n instead of 2n)
|
