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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Treatment for iron deficiency anemia |
Novaferrum (better tasting) at 3-6mg/kg divided TID or BID, recheck in 1 month |
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Lab findings iron deficiency anemia |
Low Fe, high TIBC, low ferritin |
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Lab findings anemia of chronic disease |
High ferritin, low iron, low TIBC (body produces less transferrin but more ferritin to keep iron away from pathogens (germ food)) |
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Treatment for anemia of chronic disease |
Nothing if minor. EPO if severe (may need iron supplementation as epo will use up stores) |
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Thalassemia lab findings/what to order |
Microcytic anemia, globin problem (not heme!) so iron studies are normal. Get hgb electrophoresis. |
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What is seen on hgb electrophoresis with alpha and beta thal? Why? |
Alpha can bind with lots of things. Beta can only bind with alpha. Alpha thal will have normal electrophoresis. Beta will be weird. |
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Treatment of thalassemia |
Nothing if minor. Monthly-ish transfusions if major. Will need deferoximine for resultant hemosiderosis |
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Presentation of chronic CLL or CML, diagnosis and therapy |
Asymptomatic, high WBC (>60). Get a differential to determine ML vs LL. If CML = imatinib. If CLL and young = stem cell tx or chemo |
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Presentation of acute ALL or AML |
Infection, fever, anemia, bleeding, maybe bone pain |
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Suspect AML or ALL, what next? |
Smear. Either way get a bone marrow biopsy to confirm and characterize. Peripheral blood or biopsy can also diagnose if >20% blasts |
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Treatment for AML |
M3: vitamin A. Other types chemo |
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Treatment for ALL |
Chemo with CNS prophylaxis |
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Natural course of infantile hemangioma and treatment |
Grows until 5 months, plateaus, then involutes at about 10% annually starting at 9-12 months. Treat with propranolol at 2mg/kg/day divided TID until ~ 1 year |
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Workup for leukemia tumor lysis |
LDH, uric acid, phosphorous |
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Meds to lower uric acid |
Allopurinol, rasburicase |
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How do you look for hemolysis? What would see if there was a destructive anemia? |
Blood smear, LDH (high), haptoglobin (low), and bilirubin (high). |
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Mainstay treatment for sickle cell pain crisis? When to do exchange transfusion? |
IVF, O2, pain control. Exchange if MI, CHF, CVA or priapism |
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Stuff to watch for with Dapsone |
Oxidative stress if G6PD deficient, methemoglobulinemia |
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Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) diagnosis, differentiation and treatment options |
Coombs + (may look different on smear ie spherocytes) then if IgM (cold) just avoid cold. If IgM (warm) give steroids, rituximab or splenectomy |
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Diagnosis of PNH and treatment |
Flow cytometry, CD55 negative. Supportive treatment usually. Refractory can do eculizamab |
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TTP pathology and symptoms. Treatment? |
Formation of a Hyaline clot with deficiency in ADAMTS13. FAT-RN. Fever, anemia (microangiopathic), thrombocytopenia, renal failure, and neuro symptoms (stroke). Exchange transfusion |
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Difference between TTP and DIC labs and Tx |
TTP: normal coags, PT/PTT, fibrinogen and d dimer.
DIC: using everything up so high PT/PTT, low fibrinogen, high dimer NEVER treat TTP with platelet transfusion. ALWAYS try to replace factors in DIC and give supportive care |
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Cancer screening for Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome & top 2 cancers they’re predisposed to |
Serum AFP q3 months until age 3-4 for Hepatoblastoma and abdominal ultrasounds q3 months through age 7-8 for nephroblastoma (Wilms) |
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MOA sirolimus |
MTOR inhibitor halts lymphoproliferation |
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Lab hallmarks of Hemophilia |
Prolonged PTT (intrinsic pathway includes factors 8&9), normal PT, corrects with mixing study |