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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Breast cancer gene determinant of management plan |
HER2 oncogene |
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Dx HER2 oncogene |
FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) or IHC (immunohistochemical) staining |
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Sx spherocytosis |
Increased MCHC, hemolytic anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, usu in Northern European pt |
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Tx spherocytosis |
Folate |
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Microscopy for acquired sideroblastic anemia |
"Dimorphic" (hypochromic and normochromic) RBC population |
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Tx sideroblastic anemia |
Pyridoxine |
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Pathophys idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura |
IgG autoantibodies against platelet membrane glycoproteins → increased platelet destruction and inhibition of megakaryocyte platelet production |
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Labs von Willebrand disease |
↑ PT, PTT, normal platelet counts |
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Dx autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
Normocytic anemia, jaundice, ↑ indirect bilirubin, ↑ LDH, and ↓ serum haptoglobin |
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Tx warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
High-dose glucocorticoids (eg prednisone) |
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Sx breast fibrocystic dz |
Rubbery, firm, mobile, and painful mass in a young pt who experiences more tenderness during her period |
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Red flags for fibrocystic disease (breast mass) |
Aspirated fluid is bloody or foul-smelling |
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Pathophys febrile nonhemolytic transfusion rxn
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Cytokine accumulation during blood storage |
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Sx febrile nonhemolytic tranfusion rxn |
1-6 h: Fever & chills |
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Pathophys acute hemolytic transfusion rxn |
ABO incompatability |
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Sx acute hemolytic transfusion rxn |
0-1 h: fever, flank pain, hemoglobinuria, renal failure, DIC |
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Pathophys delayed hemolytic transfusion rxn |
Minor RBC cell Ag causes rxn |
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Sx delayed hemolytic transfusion rxn |
2-10 d: mild fever, hemolytic anemia |
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Pathophys anaphylactic tranfusion rxn |
Recipient anti-IgA Abs |
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Sx anaphylactic tranfusion rxn |
sec-min: Shock, angioedema/urticaria, respiratory distress |
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Pathophys urticarial/allergic tranfusion rxn |
Recipient IgE Ab & mast cell activation |
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Pathophys transfusion-related acute lung injury |
Donor anti-leukocyte Abs |
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Sx transfusion-related acute lung injury |
0-6h: respiratory distress, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema |
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MC cancer associated with Lynch II syndrome (HNPCC cancer family syndrome) |
Endometrial carcinoma |
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Tx HIT |
Direct thrombin inhibitor (eg argatroban) or fondaparinux |
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Sx milk-alkali syndrome |
Hypercalemia, renal insufficiency (look at Cr), metabolic alkalosis |
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Sx Trousseau's syndrome |
Superficial venous thrombosis at unusual sites (eg arm, chest area) |
