Rbc Morphology & Left / Right Shift

Front 1

In relation to neutrophils, what is a LEFT SHIFT?

Back 1

The presence of immature neutrophils

(band neutrophils)

Front 2

In relation to neutrophils, what is a RIGHT SHIFT?

Back 2

The presence of older cells, post-maturity

(hyper-segemented neutrophils)

Front 3

In what situations might you see

hyper-segmented neutrophils / a RIGHT SHIFT?

Back 3

• in response to stress

• as an artifact (if sample is old)

• from particular types of treatment

Front 4

In what type of cell might you see canine distemper bodies?

Back 4

polychromatic cells

Front 5

What type of poikilocytosis is due to artifact? (3)

Back 5

1. Torocytes

2. Ovalocytes

3. Echinocytes / Crenation

Front 6

What type of poikilocytosis is due to pathology? (3)

Back 6

1. spherocytes

2. ghost cells

3. eccentrocytes

Front 7

3 RBC abnormalities

Back 7

1. schistocytes

2. agglutination

3. rouleaux

Front 8

A LEFT SHIFT in relation to neutrophils is

normally associated with what type of condition?

Back 8

Inflammatory condition

Front 9

What is a degenerative shift to the left?

Back 9

The number of immature, non-segmented

neutrophils EXCEEDS the number of segmented

neutrophils.

Front 10

What does a degenerative left shift indicate?

Back 10

The inability of the bone marrow to produce more WBCs to respond to infection.

WBC count will begin to decline.

Front 11

proliferation pool

Back 11

bone marrow - producing cells

Front 12

storage pool

Back 12

mature cells stored in bone marrow and spleen

for future use.

Front 13

circulating pool

Back 13

cells circulate freely through blood until needed

Front 14

marginal pools

Back 14

cells stuck to or rolling along vessel walls

Front 15

tissue pools

Back 15

leukocytes that have left the blood vessels to go

to different parts of the body

Front 16

What is a REGENERATIVE LEFT SHIFT?

Back 16

When there are more mature neutrophils

(segmented) than immature neutrophils

Front 17

Name the 4 types of immature neutrophils that you might see in a degenerative left shift.

Back 17

1. band neutrophils

2. metamyelocytes

3. myelocytes

4. myeloblast

Front 18

What does a regenerative left shift indicate?

Back 18

That the bone marrow is responding.

WBC count is increasing

Pools are not depleted.

Front 19

Why might you see a right shift?

Back 19

1. normal aging process

2. resolving chronic inflammation

3. more WBCs were utilized, so end result is increase in hyper segmentation or aging process.

Front 20

What condition would hyposegemented neutrophils appear in?

Back 20

Pelger-Huet anomoly

Front 21

How do neutrophils with Pelter-Huet anomaly appear, and what causes this?

Back 21

eye-glasses appearance

hypo-segemented

hereditary - cells function normally