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125 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Common form of childhood leukemia
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acute lymphocytic
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Test that assesses platalet function
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bleeding time
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test measures how quickly your blood clots
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prothrombin time
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test that measures extrinic pathway
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prothrombin time
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most coagulation factors come from the
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liver
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used to monitor patients taking certain medications as well as to help diagnose clotting disorders
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PT test
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compares a patient's rate of clot formation to that of a sample of normal pooled plasma
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Thrombin time
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a blood test which measures the time it takes for a clot to form in the plasma from a blood sample in anticoagulant
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Thrombin time
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a performance indicator measuring the efficacy of both the "intrinsic" (now referred to as the contact activation pathway) and the common coagulation pathways. Apart from detecting abnormalities in blood clotting
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aPTT
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Name Clotting factors 1-7
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Fribinogen
Prothombin Tissue Thromboplastin Ca Proconvertant no factor 6 Proaccerlant |
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characterized by hemolysis of spheroidal RBCs and anemia
MCV is usually normal MCHC increased MCH decreased |
Hereditary Spherocytosis
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measure of average red blood cell volume that is a standard in complete blood count
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MCV
Mean Corpuscular volume |
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MCV in microcytic anemia
iron deficiency due to several factors |
below range 60-70 femtoliters
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MCV in macrocytic anemia
presence of reticulocytes in hemolytic anemia also asscoated with pernicious anemia can be increased in alcoholism |
above range greater then 100
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MCV in normocytic anemia
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normal range
90 +/- 10 |
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Hct x 10 divided by rbc count
reference 90 +/- 10 |
MCV
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Hemoglobin x 10 dfivided by RBC count
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MCH
Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin reference range 29 +/- 2 picograms |
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average mass of hemoglobin per red blood cell in a sample of blood
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MCH
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diminished in hypochromic anemias
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MCH value
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estimation of the average size of RBC
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MCV
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used to determine the content of hemoglobin in RBC's
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MCHC and MCH
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no nnucleated RBC's that still contain RNA for at least 1 day
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Reticulocytes
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range of normal reticulocyte count
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.5 - 2
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compensatory bone marrow response to hemolysis results in the deliever of young cells into circulation
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reticulocytes
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anemia caused by alpasia of bone marrow or its destruction by chemical agents or physical factors
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Aplastic
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an aquired disorder characterized by premature erythrocyte destruction owing to abnormalities in the individual's own immune system
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Autoimmune hemolytic
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anemia resulting from a greater demand on stored iron that can be met
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iron-deficiency
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type of megaloblastic anemiacaused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 that is directly linked to absence of intrinsic factor
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pernicious anemia
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Hemoglobulin x 100 divided by Hct
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MCHC
refernce range 34 +/- 2 deciliters |
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MCV 100-160
MCH elevated MCHC Normal |
Megaloblastic anemia
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MCV is serverely increased
RBC is erroneouly low due to clumping of red blood cells MCHC and MCH is elevated |
cold agglutinins
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WBC x 100 divided by ((NRBC + 100) then divided by 100)
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Corrected WBC count
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Granulocyte hyposegmentation
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Pelger-Huet anomaly
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Granulocytes that demonstrate larger, blue staining cytoplasminic inclusions that resemble Dohle bodies that are much larger and giant platelets
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May- Hegglin anomaly
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presence of giant lysosomal granules in cells such as granuloctyes, monocytes, lymphocytes melanocytes, tissue macrophages and platelets
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Chediak-Higashi syndorme
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Leukpenia
Thrombocytopenia Gaucher's cells in bone marrow aspirate Increaed seum acid phosphatase |
Gaucher's disease
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Band/Polymorphicnuclear Neutrophils
Eosinophil Basophil |
Granulocyte
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hyposegmented neutrophil
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Pelger-Huet anomaly
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inclusions found in the hereditay leukoctye and platelet diorders
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May Hegglin anomaly
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Gigantic fused lysosomal deposits seen in the cytplasm of leukocytes
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Chediak-Hagashi syndrome
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lysosmal disorder caused by a deficiency in the enzyme B-glucocerebrosidase
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Gaucher's disease
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Coagulation factors affected by coumarin drugs
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2,7,9,10
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Coumarin affects which pathway
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extrinsic PT
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Heparin effects the
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intrinsic pathway or aPTT
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mucopolysaccharidosis
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Alder-Reilly inclusion
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membrane defect of lysosomes
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Cha
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Dohle bodies and giant platelets
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May Heggin
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Two-lobed neutrophil
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Pelger Huet
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Plasma cells in the bone marrow with an increase in IgG is suggestive of
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multiple myeloma with rouleaux formation due to increased immunoglobulin present
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Characteristic of Multiple myeloma
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rouleux formation
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Characteristic of Hemoglobin C seen in a peripheral blood smear are
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target cells
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Hemotology standards include
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certifies cyanmethemoglobin solution
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Which test is used to monitor red cell production
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reticulocyte count
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Thalassemisa are characterized by
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decrease rate of globlin synthesis
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Lymphoctyes
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T cells
B cells NK |
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Phagocytosis is a function of
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granulocytes
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cells involved with hemeostaisis
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thrombocytes (platelets)
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cells used for the transport of O2 and CO2 are
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erythrocytes
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Cells that produce antibodies
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lymphocytes
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Polycythemia vera
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overproduction of platelets and RBC
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In polycythemia vera, platelet counts are
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elevated
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50-90% of myeloblast in a perpheral blood is typical of
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acute granuloctyic leukemia
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abnormal amount of immature RBC being produced in leukemia
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erythroleukemia
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leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of WBC's
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chronic granulocytic leukemia
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proliferation of an abnormal type of bone marrow stem cell results in fibrosis
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myelofibrosis with myeloid mataplasia
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Auer rods are most likely present in
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acute granuloctyic leukemia
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myeloblast usually have what inclusions
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auer rods
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Neutrophils are
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myeloid cells
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All stages of neutrophls are most likely seen to be seen in the perpheral blood of
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chronic granulocytic leukemia
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Stimulate RNA synthesis of erythroid cells
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Erythropoietin
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tube collected with whole blood for preparation of blood films for manual differential leukoctye counts
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EDTA
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When platelets concentrate at the edges and feathered end of a blood smear it is usually due to
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poorly made wedge smear
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irregular clumping of platelets is usually due to
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inadequate mixing of specimen
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to cluster together
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satellitosis
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EDTA tube can cause
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Platelet stellitosis
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Elevation of the granulocyte percentage above 75% is termed
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relative neutrophilic leukocytosis
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Elevation of the lymphocyte percentage above 47% is termed
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relative lymphocytosis
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Acute disseminated intravascular coagulation is characterized by
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hypofibrinogenemia
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pseudo-Pelger-Heut anomaly is associated with
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aplastic anemia
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Chamber counting method of platelet enumeration
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allows direct visulaization of the particles being counted
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Specifc secondary granules of the neutrophilic granulocyte
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appear first at the myelocyte stage
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Anemia with chronic infection is characterized by
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decreased serum iron levels
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characterisitc of polycythemia vera
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decreased or absent bone marrow iron stores
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Factors commonly involved in producing anemia in patients with chronic renal disease include
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ineffective erythropoiesis
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Thrombocytopenia
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May-Heglin anomaly
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increased lymphocytes greater then neutrophils found in CBC
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relative lymphocytosis
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A hemophiliac male and a normal female can produce a
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female carrier
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The ristocetin cofactor test is the primary assay used to diagnose von Willebrand disease is suspected
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ristocetin
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Decreased platelet aggregation to ristocetin can be tested for
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Factor 8 von willebrand's disease
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majority of the iron in an adult is found as a contituent of
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hemoglobin
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hemoglobin levels 4-8 g/dL
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Thalassemia Major
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Anemia with chronic infection is characterized by
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decreased serum iron levels
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characterisitc of polycythemia vera
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decreased or absent bone marrow iron stores
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Factors commonly involved in producing anemia in patients with chronic renal disease include
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ineffective erythropoiesis
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Thrombocytopenia
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May-Heglin anomaly
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increased lymphocytes greater then neutrophils found in CBC
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relative lymphocytosis
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A hemophiliac male and a normal female can produce a
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female carrier
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The ristocetin cofactor test is the primary assay used to diagnose von Willebrand disease is suspected
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ristocetin
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Decreased platelet aggregation to ristocetin can be tested for
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Factor 8 von willebrand's disease
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majority of the iron in an adult is found as a contituent of
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hemoglobin
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hemoglobin levels 4-8 g/dL
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Thalassemia Major
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Hemoglobin levels 9-11g/dL
MCH below 70 MCH below 22 |
Thalassemia Minor
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Anisocytosis
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decreased size of rbc
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If anisocytosis occurs then what will be increased
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RDW
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Anisocytosis is a major indicator of
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Thalassemia major
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idiopathic
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unknown cause
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What characteristic fratures of iron metabolism in patients with anemia of a chronic disorder?
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serum iron decreased
transferrin saturation decreased TIBC normal or decreased |
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Hemoglobin D is associated with
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beta-thalassemia
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What test involves Predominently hemoglobin F?
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Kleihauer-Bethe
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What test involves Hereditary Spherocytoisis?
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osmotic fragility
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What test involves Hemogloblin S?
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Dithonite Solubility test
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What test involves Hemoglobin H?
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Heat stabilty test
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What test involves paroxysmal noctural hemogloinuria?
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sucrose hemolysis test
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What test involves Hemoglobin C?
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target cells
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interfares with coagulation factors 9-12
causes clumping of WBC |
Heparin
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Which tube is used for cell counts, BUN, and fibinogen?
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EDTA
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Which tube is useful in preserving blood, platelet function and morphology?
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Na citrate
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Flow cytometry
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Flourescent antibody tagging and light scatter
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Coagulation factors 7-10
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Stable factor
Antihemophiliac factor Christmas factor Stuart Factor |
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"halo" next to the nucleus
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plasma cell
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Hypersegmentated neutrophils are associated with
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megaloblastic anemias
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Charateristic of "rose" looking picture that resembles
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rosette formation
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normal hemocrit
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37-54
males 44-54 females 37-47 |
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RBC count
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4.2-5.4 x 10^12/L
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WBC count
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4.8- 10.8 x 10 ^9/L
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