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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define the general aspects of hearing loss.
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Hearing loss occurs when there is a deficit of hearing anywhere along the normal hearing range. The upper ranges decline with advancing age.
**It is important to note if the hearing loss occurs in a single or both ears, whether one has greater loss than the other has or whether the loss was sudden or gradual. |
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What is the range for normal hearing?
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Normal hearing occurs within the decibel levels of 20-20,000 Hz.
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What is the range for normal speech?
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The range of normal speech falls between 500 and 4,000 Hz.
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Define Normal Hearing (in dB).
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sounds can be detected up to 20dB
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Define Mild Hearing Loss (in dB).
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20 to 40 dB
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Define Moderate Hearing Loss (in dB).
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40 to 60 dB
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Define Severe Hearing Loss (in dB).
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60 to 80 dB
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Define Profound Hearing Loss (in dB).
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greater than 80 dB
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Describe auditory processing disorder.
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Auditory processing disorder is impairment in the management of auditory signals transmitted to the brain. Individuals with this disorder have deficits in understanding spoken words. Other features include difficulty distinguishing like-sounding words, lack of focus for the details of spoken language, poor memory for auditory details, and difficulty comprehending oral abstract language.
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Causes of Auditory Processing Disorder:
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APD may result from congenital or acquired causes. Acquired causes are typically due to infections or trauma. This disorder is commonly diagnosed at age 7 or 8 because the younger brain is still developing in its ability to process auditory information.
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Treatment for Auditory Processing Disorder:
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Treatment is aimed at improving the learning environment, such as using visual prompts and therapy to target specific auditory deficits.
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List the general categories for hearing loss... (3)
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Conductive Hearing Loss // Sensorineural Hearing Loss // Mixed Hearing Loss
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Explain Conductive Hearing Loss.
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Conductive hearing loss is caused by the disruption of sound waves from the ear canal to the middle ear. This is most commonly caused by impaction of ear wax in the ear canal. Other causes of conductive hearing loss are middle ear infection (otitis media), eardrum perforation, growths behind the ear drum (cholestostoma), and middle ear bone abnormalities.
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Explain Sensorineural Hearing Loss.
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Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by the disruption of sound signals from the cochlear structure of the middle ear to the nerve pathway to the brain. This hearing loss may be acquired or congenital. Causes of acquired sensorineural hearing loss include infection, tumor, stroke, medications, presbyacusis (age-related hearing loss), and trauma.
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Explain Mixed Hearing Loss.
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Mixed Hearing Loss is a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
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Describe retrocochlear disorders.
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Retrocochlear disorders refer to abnormalities that disrupt the connection between the cochlear area of the hearing apparatus and the brain stem. Tumors, blood vessel abnormalities, and infections are among the most common causes of retrocochlear hearing loss.
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Describe the tuning fork test to reveal hearing loss.
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A tuning fork is a 2-pronged fork made of metal. Formerly used by musicians to tune instruments, the tuning fork is used by clinicians to assess hearing. In the Weber test, a tuning fork (usually tuned to 512 hz) is struck and placed on the mastoid bone behind the ear. When the sound is no longer audible, it is placed near the ear. The sound of the tuning fork should last twice that of the bone. In persons with conductive hearing loss, bone conduction is better than air conduction. In the Rinne test, the tuning fork is placed on the forehead or teeth and the sound is transmitted in the center of the head normally. In conductive hearing loss, sound is transmitted to the effected ear. In sensorineural hearing loss, sound is referred away from the effected ear.
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