Health Terms (Chapter 2 And 3)

Front 1

Sociology

Back 1

The study of human social behavior within families, organizations, and institutions; the study of the individual in relationship to society as a whole

Front 2

Technostress

Back 2

The result of a fast paced life dependent on various means of technology. While technology is supposed to provide leisure time, but instead end up making people into slaves to the devices.

Front 3

Shallow Effect

Back 3

A shallow understanding of complicated issues caused by information grazing.

Front 4

Psychophysiology

Back 4

A field of study based on the principle that the mind and body are one, where thoughts and perceptions affect potentially all aspect of physiology

Front 5

Central Nervous System

Back 5

Consists of the brain and spinal column and Peripheral Nervous System

Front 6

Reticular activating system

Back 6

The neural fibers that link the brain to the spinal column

Front 7

Limbic System

Back 7

The midlevel of the brain, including the hypothalamus and amygdala, which is thought to be responsible for emotional processing

Front 8

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 8

(Automatic Nervous System), consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Front 9

Sympathetic

Back 9

The branch of the CNS that triggers the fight-or-flight response when some element of threat is present

Front 10

Sympathetic/Parasympathetic

Back 10

Sympathetic- Fight or Flight

Parasympathetic - Specifically calms the body through parasympathetic response

Front 11

Epinephrine

Back 11

Neurochemical (a catecholamine) responsible for immediate physical readiness for stress, works in unison with norepinephrine.

Front 12

Norepinephrine

Back 12

Neurochemical (catecholamine) responsible for immediate physical readiness to stress.

Front 13

Catabolic Functioning

Back 13

A metabolic process in which metabolite are broken down for energy in preparation for, or in the process of, exercise.

Front 14

Anabolic Functioning

Back 14

A physiological process in which various body cells regernerate or grow

Front 15

Serotonin

Back 15

A neurotransmitter that is associated with mood. Decrease is related to depression.

Front 16

Melatonin

Back 16

Hormone secreted in the brain that is related to sleep, mood, and perhaps several other aspects of physiology and consciousness

Front 17

Pituitary gland

Back 17

Master endocrine gland that, upon command from the hypothalamus releases ACTH and then commands the adrenal glands to secrete stress hormones

Front 18

Hypothalamus

Back 18

Often called the "seat of emotions" the hypothalamus is involved in emotional processing. Thoughts perceived as threats make secretions of corticotropin-releasing factor to activate fight or flight

Front 19

Adrenal Gland

Back 19

The endocrine glands that are located on the top of each kidney that house and release several stress hormones (cortisol and the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine)

Front 20

Corticosteroids

Back 20

Stress hormones released by the adrenal cortex, such as cortisol and cortisone

Front 21

Glucocorticoids

Back 21

A family of biochemical agents that includes cortisol and cortisone, produced and released from the adrenal gland.

Front 22

Cortisol

Back 22

A stress hormone released by the adrenal glands that helps the body prepare for fight or flight by promoting the release of glucose and lipids in the blood for energy metabolism

Front 23

Mineralocorticoids

Back 23

A class of hormones that maintain plasma volume and electrolyte balance, such as aldeosterone

Front 24

Adrenal Medulla

Back 24

The portion of the adrenal gland responsible for secreting epinephrine and norepinephrine

Front 25

Vasopressin Axis

Back 25

A chain of physiological events stemming from the release of vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone

Front 26

Thyroxine axis

Back 26

A chain of physiological events stemming from the release of thyroxine

Front 27

ACTH axis

Back 27

A physiological pathway whereby a message is sent from the hypothalamus to the pituitary, the on to the adrenal gland to release a flood of stress hormones for fight or flight

Front 28

HPA Axis

Back 28

The hypothalami-pituitary adrenal axis, a term synonymous with the ACTH axis

Front 29

Adrenal cortex

Back 29

The portion of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes a host of corticosteroids (e.g., cortisol and aldosterone)

Front 30

Cerebration

Back 30

A term used to describe the neurological excitability of the brain, associated with anxiety attacks and insomnia.

Front 31

Allostatic load

Back 31

Bruce McEwen to replace to expression "stressed out"; the damage to the body when the allostatic (stress) response functions improperly or for prolonged stress, causing physical damage to the body