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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are some Examples of gun policies?
1. Background checks 2. Waiting periods
3. Taxation
4. Bans
5. Minimum ages (18, 21) 6. Magazine restrictions 7. Safe storage laws
8. Right to carry permits 9. Castle laws
10. Stand your ground laws
What is the relationship between gun shows and local mortality/crime?
No relationship between gun shows and local mortality/crime
Limitations
1. Guns are durable, only can examine short-term effects in their models
2. Examines only localized crime
Describe research of Stand Your Ground/Castle Laws
Main points castle laws increase murders/homicides

Other research most of the deaths happen near by bars, involve white males/alcohol

Further evidence the castle laws increase escalation
Why isn't there more research on gun policy?
Efforts to de-fund research by CDC, NIH are Politically motivated

Some factors affect gun violence Some don't

Need more/better data and research to investigate which matter and which don't

Hamstrung by politics
What do Hameresh and Mosh (1974) say about suicide?
Original models predict suicide will occur if utility, or expected future utility are low enough

Mental Health is a major policy concern

Like many risky behaviors, decision could be generated by time inconsistent or present biased preferences
How does Time Inconsistency affect mental health policy?
If people have present biased preferences, we might want to subsidize investments which they would otherwise put off

For instance investments in mental health

Otherwise people may make choices today they regret in the future
What are the State of mental health care laws?
1. Some states require mental health coverage to go along with health coverage
2. Some states require parity (equal mental health coverage)
3. Some donít require anything (changing with ACA)

Parity laws will effectively reduce the price of mental health care
What are the Types of treatment for mental health?
1. Cognitive behavioral therapy (all or nothing thinking) 2. Other services
3. Prescription drug coverage
Describe anti-depressemant usage in the United States?
Huge increase in antidepressant usage in US

Interpretations of increased usage? Could this be good?
Describe suicide for youths.
We find a significant decrease in the youth suicide rate during summer months (19-25 percent)

Much smaller increase for young adults (2-3 percent)

Broadly indicative of stress in school
Describe the Suicide and the Student Population.
1. 50 percent of college students have considered suicide
2. 15 percent of at some point seriously considered suicide
3. Suicide attempts peak at age 15
4. Suicide attempts are higher for females
5. Suicides are higher for males (driven entirely by method of attempt
6. Highly non-linear age distribution
Describe bullying.
-Nearly 20 percent of high school students report being bullied
-37 percent of all suicide attempts reported being bullied
-No data on bullying during summer vs. school year

Using Google:
-For both genders
-Decrease in negative social interactions Accounts for 67-85 percent of summer decline
Describe the Gun and Suicide Relationship. What about alcohol?

What did research find?
-Gun ownership are highly correlated with suicide
-Evidence that gun ownership increases suicide
-Somewhat weak evidence of substitution across methods
-Alcohol access/consumption associated with increase in suicides as well

What did research find?
-Access to guns doesnít increase suicides on net, may affect type
-Access to alcohol increases suicides substantially, primarily through firearms
-Extent that alcohol increases risk-taking and impulsivity
With increased impulsivity, suicide is more likely, if individuals have already have access to guns
What can we conclude about gun policies? What about increased mental health care?
Some gun policies increase homicides, others don't

Greater mental health care is associated with reduced suicidality
What did Cheng Cheng and Mark Hoekstra find their article "Does Strengthening Self-Defense Law Deter Crime or Escalate Violence?"
• From 2000 to 2010, more than 20 states passed so-called “castle doctrine” or “stand your ground” laws. These laws expand the legal justification for the use of lethal force in self-defense, thereby lowering the expected cost of using lethal force and increasing the expected cost of committing violent crime
• Results indicate the laws do not deter burglary, robbery, or aggravated assault. In contrast, they lead to a statistically significant 8 percent net increase in the number of reported murders and non-negligent manslaughters