Head & Neck & Endocrine

Front 1

Cause of malakopakia in respiratory tract?

Back 1

Rhodococcus equi

Front 2

India, sri lanka, brazil

Back 2

rhinosporidiosis
rhinosporidium sebri
squamous hyperplasia

Front 3

3rd world chronic granulomatous bacterial disease of the nose

Dx?
cause?
name for the foamy histiocytes?

Back 3

Rhinoscleroma

Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis

Mikulicz cells

Front 4

foreign body-type granulomatous reaction to lipid-containing material and blood (or classically from nasal drops in the nose)

Back 4

Myospherulosis

Front 5

Hemangiopericytoma of the sinonasal type is negative for what classic HPC marker?

px?

Back 5

CD34-
+ for muscle markers
WHO calls this glomangiopericytoma; also called myopericytoma

Good px

Front 6

Sinonasal angiofibroma occurs in what patient population?

Back 6

young men only
testosterone receptors

Front 7

sinonasal inverted papillomas arise from?

Back 7

lateral wall
10% malignancy

Front 8

3 types of schneiderian papillomas?

Back 8

inverted
septal
cylindrical

Front 9

HIV associated lymphomas

Back 9

Burkitt
DLBCL
PEL
Plasmablastic lymphoma oral cavity

Front 10

Sinonasal undifferentiated adenocarcinoma patient population

Back 10

Woodworkers and leather workers

Front 11

laryngeal papillomatosis HPV types

Back 11

6,11

very rare to get malignancy from this

Front 12

vocal cord lesion
cytokeratin negative

Back 12

spindle cell SCC - can be Ck negative!
looks sarcomatoid

Front 13

red bumps around the ear

Back 13

angiolymphoid hyperplasia

young adults
periaural
plump endothelium
EOS! and dense lymphohistiocytic infiltration with giant cells

Front 14

asian male
lymphadenopathy & peripheral eosinophilia
warthin-finkeldey cells!

Back 14

kimura disease

Front 15

external auditory canal tumor

Back 15

ceruminous adenoma

apocrine cells & myoeps

Front 16

middle ear tumor
+ neuroendocrine markers

Back 16

middle ear adenoma
looks like carcinoid

Front 17

glomus tumor

Back 17

paraganglioma

Front 18

heffner tumor

associated with what syndrome?

Back 18

endolymphatic sinus tumor
looks like papillary thyroid ca
papillary
benign but must entirely excise
PAS+ colloid-like material
+ cytokeratins

VHL syndrome

Front 19

Schwannoms in CPA angle. what syndrome?

Back 19

= acoustic neuroma
= neurilemmoma

NF2! chrom 22

Front 20

tyrosine crystals in salivary gland mean?

Back 20

nothing
can be seen in both benign and malignant lesions

Front 21

ckit + salivary gland tumor

Back 21

adenoid cystic carcinoma

has "gumballs" of basement membrane on cyto

Front 22

stains in myoepithelioma

Back 22

S100
SMA
GFAP!!

Front 23

what salivary tumor mimics cribiform DCIS and who gets it

Back 23

salivary duct carcinoma
more common in males!
Her2neu overexpression!

Front 24

IHC chordoma

Back 24

+ PAS, CK, S100, EMA, mucin

cranial in younger patients

Front 25

polypoid mass ANTERIOR vocal cord

posterior?

Back 25

spindle cell SCC

contact ulcers

Front 26

what type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the most common, is associated with EBV, and has the best prognosis?

Back 26

undifferentiated/nonkeratinizing type

Front 27

#1 salivary gland tumor overall?

Back 27

pleomorphic adenoma

Front 28

#1 malignant salivary gland tumor in adults?

kids?

Back 28

1. mucoepidermoid carcinoma
2. Adenocarcinoma, NOS
3. acinic cell carcinoma

1. mucoepidermoid carcinoma
2. acinic cell carcinoma

Front 29

#1 malignant salivary gland tumor that is bilateral?

Back 29

Acinic cell carcinoma

Front 30

#1 malignant salivary gland tumor in minor salivary glands?

Back 30

PLGA

(though some say adenoid cystic (ASCP)...)

Front 31

4 cell types of mucoep

Back 31

mucin-producing, squamous, intermediate, and clear

Front 32

Which syndrome is most strongly associated with membranous basal cell adenomas?

Back 32

Brooke-Spiegler syndrome

autosomal dominant disease characterized by the development of numerous skin adnexal tumors such as spiradenomas, trichoepitheliomas, and cylindromas, in addition to membranous basal cell adenomas of the salivary glands.

Front 33

Which immunohistochemical stain is most helpful in differentiating a canalicular adenoma from a myoepithelioma or epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma?

Back 33

MSA (or any myoep marker)

Canalicular adenomas are negative for muscle-specific actin, which is indicative of the lack of myoepithelial differentiation in these lesions. Cytokeratin and S100 would be positive in all 3 of these tumors.

Front 34

What is this stain used for : Phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin (PTAH)?

Back 34

Oncocytoma

strong affinity for mitochondria. As such, the cytoplasm of mitochondria-rich oncocytic cells will stain dark blue, helping to confirm the diagnosis.

Front 35

Where do salivary duct carcinomas occur?

Back 35

85% parotid

M>>F

40% 5-year survival

Front 36

how many PAs become Carcinoma ex PAs?

Back 36

2% at 5y, 10% at 15y

only the epithelial component becomes malignant

The carcinomatous element in these malignancies always arises from the epithelial component of the pleomorphic adenoma. Perineural and vascular invasion are frequently present

Front 37

Which architectural pattern of basal cell adenoma has the worst prognosis?

Back 37

membranous (25% malignant transformation)
(this is the JIGSAW puzzle type, and are more often multifocal and lack a capsule)

Other types are: Solid, Trabecular, Trabecular-tubular, Tubular

Front 38

#1 site for canalicular adenoma?

Back 38

upper lip

Front 39

causes of granulomatous thyroiditis

Back 39

De Quervian's / subacute
Tb
Sarcoid
Palpation
Mycosis

Front 40

Which immunohistochemical stain will likely be negative in adrenal cortical carcinomas?

Back 40

chromogranin A

Front 41

good prognostic factors in neuroblastoma

Back 41

age < 1 yr
Trk mutation
hyperdiploidy
extra-adrenal location
lymphs
S100+

**LN status does NOT MATTER!

Front 42

poor prognostic factors in neuroblastoma

Back 42

n-myc amplification
diploidy
age > 1
abn chrom 1
increased levels of: NSE, LDH, chromogranin, ferritin, CKBB
decreased ratio VMA:HVA

Front 43

% of FAMILIAL pheos that are bilateral?

Back 43

50%

(the 10% rule applies to pheos overall!)

Front 44

Syndromes with pheos

Back 44

MEN type II
von Hippel-Lindau disease
Von Recklinghausen disease
Sturge-Weber syndrome

Front 45

Which variant of paraganglioma has the highest rate of malignancy?

Back 45

intraabdominal (extraadrenal) paraganglioma
20-50%

Front 46

IHC neuroblastoma

Back 46

+ NSE, norepi, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and neurofilament proteins

- for epinephrine!