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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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how do parasites divide?
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fission
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what are teh 2 nematodes that stay in teh gut (don't move from there)?
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enterobius (pinworm)
trichuris (whipworm) |
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necator americanus is aka
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hookworm
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what are the three roundworms that migrate to the lung at some stage of their life cycle?
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necator americanus (hookworm)
ascaris lumbricoides strongyloides |
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what are 2 nematodes that acquired by penetrating the skin?
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necator americanus (hookworm)
strongyloides |
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in waht lifeform are ascaris, necator and strongyloides when they travel to teh lung? what about when they leave the lung?
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larval for both
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what 2 worms will not show eosinophilia b/c they don't invade?
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whipworm
pinworm |
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what type of worm is a schistosome?
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trematode (fluke)
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what's the worm whose female travels to the perineum to lay eggs at night?
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pinworm
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how do you acquired shistosoma?
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through fresh water
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what is the virulence strategy of schistosomes?
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molecular mimicry (incorporate host Ag onto surface)
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what is the zoonotic part of the schisotome life cycle?
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water snail
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describe what happens when schistosome invades human
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penetrate human skin --> travel to hepatic portion of portal system to mature and mate --> travel to bladder/intestine veins to lay eggs. Eggs released into urine/feces --> nearby lake
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what aspects of worms do we launch an immune response to?
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eggs, dead worms
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3 clinical manifestations of schitosome infection
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1. dermatitis at site of invasion
2. katayama fever - immune response to eggs 3. organ/ bl vessel fibrosis - b/c of egg deposition + subsequent inflamm response (chronic) |
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what type of worms are hermaphrodites?
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tapeworms (cestodes)
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what are the boxlike segments of tapeworms called?
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proglottids
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taenia solium is contracted how?
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pork (undercooked)
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what do tapeworms have that facilitate attachment?
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scolex
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taenia saginata is contracted how?
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beef
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diphyllobothrium latum is contracted how?
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freshwater fish (trout, salmone)
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what is Echinococcus granulosus and multilocularis?
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causes an extra-intestinal tapeworm infection (hydatid disease)
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3 host defenses against parasitic infection
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1. IgA = anti-amoebic
2. complement mediated lysis - classical/alternative 3. cell mediated immunity (limited role) |
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4 ways in which helminths evade host immunity
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1. capsule (hydatid cyst)
2. mimicry (schistosome) 3. don't invade (e.g. ascaris) 4. induce immunosuppression |
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which tapeworm will form a cyst which is invisible to the host immune system?
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echinococcus granulosus (hydatid disease)
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typhoid vaccine
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killed, intact bacteria
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non-oral polio vaccine
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killed, intact virus
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oral polio
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live, attenuated
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hep A
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killed, intact virus
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influenza
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killed, disrupted virus
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meales, mumps, rubella
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live, attenuated
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chickenpox
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live, attenuated
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acellular pertussus vaccine
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purified bacterial proteins
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h. influenzae type B
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purified bacterial polysaccharide
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pneumococcal vaccine
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purified bacterial polysaccharide
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meningococcal
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purified bacterial polysaccharide
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hep B vaccine
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purified viral protein
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diptheria
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inactivated toxin
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tetanus
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inactivated toxin
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childhood vaccines in Canada
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"MAP 5 MHC"
M - meningococcus A - acellular pertussis P - pneumococcal 5 - 5 in one - DPT, polio, H. influenzae M - MMR H - Hep B C - chickenpox |
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what is epidemic typhus transmitted by?
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body louse (lice)
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Ehrlichia is what type of organism; transmitted by what?
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bacteria (grouped with Chlamydia, Ricketssia) and is transmitted by a tick
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describe invasion of ehrlichia
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invade macrophage and prevent lysosomal fusion
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toxoplasmosis Sx in adults are similar to what?
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mononucleosis
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toxoplasmosis Sx in feetal infxns manifest as
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severe:
hydrocephalus chorioretinitis convulsions death |
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how do you diagnose acute toxoplasmosis?
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IgM capture assay - most patients 's IgM AB disappears within 6-12 months post infection
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virulence strategy of trypanosoma cruzi
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antigen shedding
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how does plasmodium cause immunosupression?
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it inhibits activation of T cells
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what organism exhibits Ag shedding
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trypanosoma cruzi
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2 virulence strategies of plasmodium
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1. Ag variation
2. prevent activation of T-cells |
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chloroquinine resistance in P. falciparum is mediated by
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ATP dependent pump mech
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what group does hantavirus belong to?
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bunyaviridae (arbovirus)
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