Hdf 321 Chapter 8 Parenting Preschoolers Summary

Front 1

Explain why it is helpful to know the principles

developmental landmarks of early childhood in order to facilitate effective parenting behavior.

Back 1

?

Front 2

Explain how the parent – preschooler
relationship changes in comparison to the
relationship during infancy.

Back 2

?

Front 3

Explain why positive methods of guidance work well with young children.

Back 3

?

Front 4

Describe the kind of community support
required by families with preschoolers.

Back 4

?

Front 5

Early childhood

Back 5

The period between ages 3 – 6 when children are also known as preschoolers

Front 6

What did interactions within a family system
reflect?

Back 6

The increasing involvement of young children as participating family members

Front 7

What is a major challenge to parents?

Back 7

Adjusting to a developing Child is behavior and personality traits are rapidly emerging

Front 8

Preschoolers

Back 8

Adventurous

Curious

Quickly learn many things

Front 9

How do parents feel about their relationship with their preschoolers?

Back 9

They enjoy their preschool age child while also experiencing conflict at the child test limits and boundaries set by adults

Front 10

What is rate of developmental change like
during these years?

Back 10

Slower than was observed during infancy and prenatal development, but it is still magical as each day seems to bring something new

Front 11

What opens new worlds of interaction and
communication for preschoolers?

Back 11

Language

Front 12

What does the development of language allow for the parent?

Back 12

An evolving understanding of the child's
universe

Front 13

What does the development of language allow for the child?

Back 13

It becomes a tool for socialization and personal expression

Front 14

What does language and communication allow for parents and their offspring?

Back 14

The bridges that allow parents and their
offspring to explore the shared world of PC
relationships

Front 15

What basic skills are now being expanded on during the preschool years?

Back 15

Locomotion

Communication

Interaction

Front 16

What are the preschool years for?

Back 16

Learning the basic social skills that are necessary for effective interactions with others

Front 17

How do young children learn how to
comprehend their parents' expectations and
instructions?

Back 17

Modeling

Observation

Front 18

What happens as young children acquire a
number of physical and social skills?

Back 18

They become more oriented toward others rather than being largely self oriented

Front 19

What does the important change in perspective enable?

Back 19

A developing child to capitalize on a wide range of experiences as they learn to cope with and master the environment

Front 20

What are the unique developmental tasks and landmarks associated with this early childhood stage?

Back 20

Language skills

Social

Emotional

Cognitive

Physical

Front 21

What do these developmental tasks landmarks

contribute to?

Back 21

Increasing autonomy

Front 22

What is early childhood characterized by?

Back 22

Unique developmental tasks and special

landmarks

Front 23

Why is the early childhood period notable?

Back 23

A time when young children actively acquire knowledge and basic skills that are both physical and social in nature

Front 24

What does parenting behavior undergo to meet the needs of preschoolers? What do these changes reflect?

Back 24

Modification as children grow from infancy to early childhood

Changing developmental needs and abilities of preschoolers

Front 25

From the perspective of the families that
systems theory, what does parenting adapt to?

Back 25

In response to what occurs that is new and
different

Front 26

What a children present during the early
childhood period?

Back 26

Fresh challenges to parents as they attempt to master the developmental tasks of the at age span

Front 27

What is the behavior of preschoolers enhanced by?

Back 27

Parents you are responsive to changes in their child's needs

Front 28

What do parents need to find?

Back 28

That there need to be needed by their children changes as well

Front 29

What do children do to the parenting behavior of adults?

Back 29

They assist in shaping and modifying

Front 30

What do parents learn about their growing preschoolers?

Back 30

They recognize the changes in their immaturity and resist being treated as if they were younger

Front 31

What are older preschoolers particularly
sensitive to?

Back 31

Adult who attempt to attract with them in a
patronizing manner that fails to recognize their "big kid" status

Front 32

From ages 3 – 6, what does the child increasingly express? In turn, what do parents know?

Back 32

Initiative

They can no longer take their children's behavior for granted

Front 33

Throughout the years of early childhood,

what type of attitude is a child present?

Back 33

"I can! Let me show you that I can!"

Front 34

How do parents react as children become
verbally more skilled?

Back 34

By shifting from physical methods of child
rearing to those that are were verbal and
psychological in nature

Front 35

How may parents who believe in preventive and authoritative methods of child-rearing begin?

Back 35

By using with preschoolers increased reasoning and verbal direction and interacting

Front 36

What do these reactions to children's changing nature guide?

Back 36

The autonomous behavior that compares
children for their next stage of development

Front 37

What do preschool children typically have? What is the result?

Back 37

A small appetite

The consumption of small amounts of food

Front 38

What do children learn as they eat meals with their families?

Back 38

Table manners

To use utensils

Front 39

What happened to preschoolers eat the same types of food as their family members? Why?

Back 39

They don't usually require a special diet

They require fewer calories

Front 40

What do parents learn?

Back 40

They will eat at mealtime, often in smaller
portions but other family members

Front 41

What do best parents know about their
children's eating habits?

Back 41

Children require to nutrition to grow and
nutritious diet including adequate amounts of
protein

Front 42

What do preschoolers develop?

Back 42

Food preferences

Based on the foods to which they are exposed

It is crucial that the early years are used to

establish a foundation of good eating habits, which will set the child on the right nutritional path provide

Front 43

With can eating problems develop?

Back 43

As early as infancy and progress in early
childhood

Front 44

What is taking on alarming proportions?

Back 44

Childhood obesity

Front 45

What are the 6 ways in which parents contribute to obesity?

Back 45

Requiring children to eat all the food that they are served

Serving portion sizes that exceed the child's
nutritional requirements

Not cooking nutritious meals

Routinely eating on the run

Using food as a reward

Not facilitating physical exercise

Front 46

Why do parents miss the early signs of
childhood obesity?

Back 46

Their own behavior is contributing to the
situation

Social norms foster an atmosphere of politeness and avoiding topics that may offend

Front 47

What is the responsibility of the adults according to the healthcare providers that are trying to steer the family in the right direction? Why?

Back 47

To create the supportive environment for their children

The power to change the situation for the better lies within the control parents

Front 48

What happens when parents model appropriate behavior in terms of health which strives toward healthy lifestyle choices ?

Back 48

Children almost always follow their good
example, especially if they are supported if they are supported in making healthful choices

Front 49

What does good parenting include when it comes to healthy lifestyle choices?

Back 49

Giving children the foundations for a healthy
lifestyle

The family system is a strong reinforcer of this behavior

Front 50

How should parents counteract childhood
obesity?

Back 50

By being good role models

Cooking nutritious meals

Encouraging physical activity

Front 51

What is the result of the methods parents use to counteract childhood obesity?

Back 51

They establish a foundation of good eating habits, which will set the child on the right
nutritional path for life

Front 52

What are the major developmental tasks and landmarks in early childhood that are physical?

Back 52

Slower rate of growth in weight and height

Small appetite which may lead to picky eaters

Uses a preferred hand

All primary teeth erupt

Major gross motor skills are mastered

Fine motor skills emerge

High energy level

Front 53

What are some examples of physical
developmental tasks and landmarks in early
childhood that are gross motor skills?

Back 53

Running

Climbing

Front 54

What is an example of physical
developmental tasks and landmarks in early childhood that are fine motor skills?

Back 54

Creation of art

Front 55

What are some major psychosocial
developmental tasks and landmarks in early childhood?

Back 55

Expanding awareness of self, others, and things

Gaining independence and some self-control

High curiosity level

Beginning socialization experiences

Learns by doing and from mistakes

Play is more social and creative

Front 56

What is an example of the beginning
socialization experiences of major psychosocial
developmental tasks and landmarks in early childhood?

Back 56

Appropriate social behaviors

Appropriate gender role behaviors

Front 57

What are some major cognitive developmental tasks and landmarks in early childhood?

Back 57

Preoccupational, prelogical, and intuitive thought

Building a database of information about the world

Preoccupation with classification and the grouping of things

Expanding vocabulary

Improving memory

Flaws and thinking

Front 58

What are some examples of major flaws in
thinking in cognitive developmental tasks and landmarks in the early childhood?

Back 58

Egocentrism

Animism

Arriving at unwarranted conclusions

Self-centered thinking

Front 59

What is the problem with the young child's
immune system?

Back 59

They do not yet have a fully mature immune
system

Front 60

Why can't young children combat many
illnesses?

Back 60

Lack of anti-bodies

Front 61

What has helped to extend life expectancy?

Back 61

The wide availability of immunizations against a large number of formally debilitating and fatal

diseases

Front 62

What are the important things for preschoolers to have for healthy lives?

Back 62

Adequate healthcare which includes
immunizations

Front 63

What are most deaths among young children caused by?

Back 63

Injury in or near the home rather than illness

Front 64

What is the leading cause of death during
childhood and adolescence in the US?

Back 64

Accidental injury

Front 65

How does accidental injury often occur in early childhood?

Back 65

In relation to car accidents, either as a
pedestrian, a passenger, or on a tricycle

Front 66

How can these accidental injuries be prevented?

Back 66

The use of appropriately designed children's car seats in the legal requirement for all children

The use of helmets while biking and skiing

Front 67

What do parents need to teach their children to keep them healthy and safe?

Back 67

The rules of safety for inside and outside the home

Front 68

What happens when some children are more impulsive than others?

Back 68

They can experience greater numbers of injuries and close calls

Front 69

What do the children who are more impulsive than others require?

Back 69

An extra strict parental eye

A more intensive safety instruction than other children their age

Front 70

What should be done to play equipment used both indoors and outdoors?

Back 70

They shall be made safe and age-appropriate

Front 71

What can parents do to allow for better safety while children play indoors and outdoors?

Back 71

Provide supervision

Front 72

What is illegal for parents to do?

Back 72

Leaving children in a parked car unsupervised for any amount of time

Front 73

What is required for children to take part in
water activities?

Back 73

Extremely high vigilance

Secure pool areas

Teach preschoolers how to swim

Front 74

What do many accidental deaths involve?

Back 74

A child's ingestion of poisonous or toxic
substances

Front 75

What are some examples of poisonous or toxic substances?

Back 75

Fertilizer

Gasoline

Cleaning products

Medication

Front 76

What types of accidents have increased even though we have become more safety conscious?

Back 76

Suffocation

Poisoning

Front 77

What type of accident have declined because we have become more safety conscious?

Back 77

Accidents on playgrounds

Accidents in child care centers

Drownings

Car related accidents

Front 78

What exactly can parents do to protect their
children at home from poisoning?

Back 78

Store medications and other dangerous

Keep substances out of reach of children

Have the phone number of a Poison Control Center at hand

Insist on childproof caps for all medications

Front 79

What can parents do to protect their children from suffocating in the home?

Back 79

Good child care

Good sleep practices

Follow the recommendations of the American

Academy of Pediatrics

Front 80

What is suffocation linked to in young children?

Back 80

Sharing a bed with an adult

Sleeping in an adult bed

Loose bedding in a crib

Improper use of baby carriers or papooses

Front 81

What can present a strangulation hazard for preschoolers?

Back 81

Loose cords on window blinds

Necklaces

Strings

Plastic bags

Front 82

What is the leading cause of death of
preschoolers with the majority of deaths
occurring within or near the home?

Back 82

Accidental injury

Front 83

What are the parental responsibilities for
keeping their children safe?

Back 83

Teach them rules for safe indoor and outdoor play

Supervise them at all times

Make sure that safety precautions are in place