Ch. 1 Nails

Front 1

Nail technology

Back 1

The art and science of beautifying and improving the nails and skin of the hands and feet.

Front 2

Cosmetology

Back 2

The art and science a beautifying and improving the skin nails and hair the study of cosmetics and their applications

Front 3

Lunula (LOON-yah-la)

Back 3

The whitish half moon shape at the base of the nail plate

Front 4

Babylonia

Back 4

Solid gold nail Care implements for the hands and feet.

Prior to battles warriors manicure their nails and darken them with kohl.

Front 5

3000 BC

Back 5

Nail technology dates back what year?

Front 6

Egypt

Back 6

Queens used henna paste to stain fingernails red.

Only royalty were allowed to wear red nails lower classes were permitted to wear pale colors.

Front 7

China

Back 7

Aristocrats tinted a mixture of gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax, and egg whites on to their nails to turn them crimson or ebony.

Gold and silver nails were worn by royal families.

Decorated nail guards were worn by royalty to protect their long nails and symbolize their wealth

Front 8

Greece

Back 8

The wealthy used yellow flower petals, pollen, and potassium salt to create pale nail color that signified innocence, Superior social status, and sexual desirability.

Soldiers war matching red colors to their lips and nails when preparing for battle.

Front 9

Rome

Back 9

Men and women used lac as well as sheep blood mixed with fat to color their nails.

Front 10

Middle Ages

Back 10

Upper class kept their nails trimmed short and buffed with suede leather.

Europeans use knives to cut their nails this was known as "pairing."

Front 11

Inca

Back 11

Tribes people use sharpened wood sticks and natural dyes to decorate their nails often with symbols of eagles or sun gods.

Front 12

The Renaissance

Back 12

Most people avoided colored nails however wealthy citizens still manicured their nails.

They used nail cleaners some doubling as ear scoops made of bone or metal

Front 13

The Victorian age

Back 13

Nails were short clean and natural or tinted with red scented oil and buffed with chamois cloth.

Front 14

Paris

Back 14

In the 1870s the first commercial salon opens where?

Front 15

Mary E. Cobb

Back 15

She opened the first American nail Care salon in New York City in 1878.

Front 16

1900 - 1919

Back 16

Ornate nail Care implements were made of tempered steel and decorated with Ivory Ebony or gemstones.

The California perfume company (now Avon company) sold the manicure set which included nail bleach and Rose pomade nail tint

Front 17

1920's

Back 17

The moon manicure was popular.

Cute text introduced acetone-based polish remover.

Nails were repaired with tea bags.

Front 18

1930's

Back 18

Michelle Maynard and Charles Revson

developed the first nail polish inspired by automobile paint.

The moon manicure with sharp pointed tips was popular

Front 19

1940's

Back 19

Weekly manicures became an affordable beauty service.

Lipstick matched nails which included the half moon manicure and fully painted longer nails with oval and almond shaped tips.

Front 20

1950's

Back 20

Rita Hayworth made long red nails popular.

Juliet Marglens introduced the Juliet wrap which used fiber-like paper for strength.

Fred slack founded the first acrylic company called Patti nails.

Front 21

1960's

Back 21

Broken nail tips were re-affixed with model airplane glue and reinforced with thin strands of cotton and permanent wave papers.

Frosted pastel polish colors were popular.

Front 22

1970's

Back 22

First monomer and polymer nail services.

Jeff Pink introduced French manicure and Ridgefiller.

Front 23

1980's

Back 23

Silk wraps became popular.

A wide variety of nail polish colors and nail art became popular.

Front 24

1990's

Back 24

Natural manicure and pedicure services became popular.

Airbrush guns were commonly used.

Popular nail shape was square-oval.

Front 25

2000-2009

Back 25

Shortage of nail techs.

Pedicures became the second most requested nail service.

UV gel enhancements grew in their demand.

Front 26

2010- present

Back 26

UV gel manicures are popular.

Acrylic dip powders re-enter the professional nail industry.

Hand-painted and nail stamping are popular

Social media plays a key role in nail services.

Front 27

Nail technician

Back 27

Works in a traditional salon or spa.

Performs manicures,gel polish, pedicures,nail strengthening treatments, artificial enhancements etc.

Front 28

Advanced nail technician (ANT)

Back 28

Completed advanced training course that focus on providing the ultimate protection from the transfer of infection for at-risk clients in a salon or spa.

Front 29

Medical nail technician (MNT)

Back 29

Completed a specialty course under the direction of a podiatrist or physician.

Performs manicures and pedicures in a medical setting.

Front 30

Salon manager

Back 30

Duties include inventory management, retail sales Management, and general management of a salon.

Front 31

Salon educator

Back 31

Train nail techs that work at independent salons or salon chains.

Front 32

Independent educator.

Back 32

People who create classes workshops, publicizing and selling it, and collecting class fees

Front 33

Manufacturer educator

Back 33

A person hired by a manufacturer to train salon professionals on how to use their products.

Front 34

Beauty school instructor

Back 34

Someone trained to teach students in a school setting

Front 35

Distributor sales consultant

Back 35

Someone who provides information about new products trends and techniques. Sell products for a distribution company.

Front 36

Film/editorial nail technician

Back 36

Those who work behind the scenes at magazine and internet photo shoots or backstage on movie and TV sets.