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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
how do you define AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
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spectrum of disorders that VARY in level of autistic-like behaviors as well as level of COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING
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WHAt is an autism spectrum disorder determined by?
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(determined by level of IQ)
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TRUE OR FALSE
Most common type of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) |
TRUE
Most common type of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) |
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Autism incidence in births is what?
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Incidence: 1 in 77 births
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How much more common is it in boys vs. girls?
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4 TIMES MORE common in boys than girls
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TRUE OR FALSE
THE SEVERITY of autism is based on Frequency rather than severity |
FALSE
AUTISM: Determined/labeled based on IQ level rather than frequency/severity of “autistic-like behaviors”. |
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What is ASPERGER'S SYNDROME, do they have NORMAL IQ?
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1.Asperger's syndrome: mild form of autism in which child has a NORMAL / HIGH IQ
(pragmatics,comprehension) |
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Describe the Psychological-psychoanalytic approach
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PARENTS inability to form affective contact with people. based on coldness of parents-no supporting data-now considered __barbaric__
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What is Central language disorder-?
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psychotic with severe central language deficit
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What is the most accepted theory of cause for autism to date?
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No known single cause but appears to be DIFFerences or difficulties in BRAIN FUNCTION :most accepted theory in medical field to date.
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What are a few underlying cause theories of autism?
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Underlying cause relates to PERCEPTUAL, COGNITIVE and INFO-processing differences
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What neurological differences are seen as causes for autism?
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Neurological differences in VISUAL, AUDITORY, LINGUISTIC, and COGNITIVE processing
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TRUE OR FALSE
researchers are investigating environmental causes such as toxins in environment or within the mother such as mercury in fillings there is no definitive evidence |
TRUE
Environmental causes: researchers are investigating environmental causes such as toxins in environment or within the mother such as mercury in fillings: no definitive evidence |
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HAS any evidence been shown between the link of vaccines and AUTISM?
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NO EVIDENCE BEEN SHOWN
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What variable appear to be linked for a cause of autism?
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HEREDITARY, GENETIC, MEDICAL PROBLEMS
a. Hereditary: can run in families b.Genetic: no specific gene found as of yet c. Medical problems: seems to be some medical conditions that have a higher incidence of autism |
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What is the only developmental assoc. w/autism?
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• Fragile X-(only developmental assoc. w/autism)
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what is • Congenital _RUBELLA SYNDROME that is seen as a medical problem that could cause autism?
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•Congenital _RUBELLA SYNDROME- _(where the mom was exposed to measles)
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Name the Behavioral characteristics.
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PHYSICAL, VERBAL, Onset before 30 months ,Limited interaction with environment and withdrawal from it, Language components,
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WHAT IS SOOTHING TO THE ANXIETY OF AUTISM?
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GAZE AVERSION, Ritualistic behavior, Self-stimulation, consistent routine,
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What is SELF STIMULATION?
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Self-stimulation- interacts ritualistically with objects or moves body part back and forth
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GAZE AVERSION MEANS?
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may resist attempts to make them look at another (avoid eye contact)
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Ritualistic behavior- is?
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Ritualistic behavior-sequence or behavior pattern repeated in same way, same order, repeatedly
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WHAT HAPPENS WITH TEMPER TANTRUMS?
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may be self-abusive or aggressive and triggered by change in environment-hard to calm
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Hypo- vs. hypersensitivity to environment- is?
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Hypo- vs. hypersensitivity to environment-inconsistent response to Stimuli
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HOW DO CHILDREN WITH AUTISM HANDLE CHANGE?
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Difficulty with change
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WHat % of autistic children experience MUTISM, what is this?
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periods of total silence and production of meaningless sounds-50% REMAIN MUTE and not likely to speak unless begin speaking by age 5 (some say age 8)
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WHAT % will REMAIN MUTE if they don't start speaking at what age?
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50% REMAIN MUTE if dont speak by age 5yrs some say 8yrs old
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WHAT is ECHOLALIA and can it diminish?
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meaningless repetition of someone else’s words (once START DEVELOPING language it starts to diminish)
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When trying to get AUTISTIC child to be VERBAL what is the most important thing to build?
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INTENT(a desire) builds LINGUISTIC ABILITY
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Children with autism can experience Delayed echolalia-repetition of utterances long after heard.
TRUE OR FALSE |
TRUE
Delayed echolalia-repetition of utterances long after heard |
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WHAT ARE SOME Socio-affective characteristics
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Object relations, Interpersonal relations, Sometimes more responsive to mother
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Describe the socio affective characteristic of object relations.
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NON PURPOSEFUL COMPONENTS OF A TOY
Object relations-limited play skills (diff to understand the function of a toy)-attend to non-purposeful components of a toy( ex. just spinning wheels of a car instead of vroom vroom back and forth playing) |
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Describe the socio affective characteristic of INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS.
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Interpersonal relations-lack of gaze, limited cooperative play and interaction (often play alone)
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The onset of autism can be at what age and as early as when?
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Onset before 30 months (can be diagnosed as early as 20 months)
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WHAT ARE SOME EARLY INDICATORS OF AUTISM?
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Gaze, vocal, and gestural indicators early indication
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TRUE OR FALSE
If diagnosed later, may have regression of their skills or milder symptoms |
TRUE
If diagnosed later, may have regression of their skills or milder symptoms |
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How does an autistic child MANIPULATE THEIR ENVIRONMENT?
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Manipulates environment through temper tantrums and disruptive behaviors
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WHAT MAY KEEP CHILD FROM LEARNING ABOUT THE WORLD?
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Ritualistic behaviors may keep child from learning about world_
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What do they do with their internal world?
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Tries to establish and maintain orderly internal world
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WHAt type of play skills are associated with language abilities?
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Functional and SYMBOLIC play skills associated with language abilities
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What can indicate different areas of the CNS being impaired for an autistic child?
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UNEVEN development of different language components, like SEMANTICS & SYNTAX, indicating different areas of _CNS IMPAIRED
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TRUE OR FALSE
AN AUTISTIC CHILD Can exchange developmental information across components |
FALSE
Cannot exchange developmental information across components |
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TRUE OR FALSE
WITH SOCIAL COGNITION an autistic child can have Good motor skills, excellent rote memory, good discrimination of concrete visual-spatial relations. |
TRUE
Good MOTOR SKILLS , excellent ROTE memory, good DISCRIMINATION of concrete visual-spatial relations |
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Name a few social cognition issues an autistic child may have.
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Problems with ABSTRACT tasks, INTEGRATING information ACROSS MODALITIES , IDENTIFYING important information, _GENERALIZING
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TRUE OR FALSE
WITH AN AUTISTIC CHILD Little of what they hear and see makes sense |
TRUE
Little of what they hear and see makes sense |
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TRUE OR FALSE
An autistic child does not have Difficulty processing, categorizing, and interpreting stimuli |
FALSE
Difficulty processing, categorizing, and interpreting stimuli |
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What does self stimulation do for an autistic child?
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CALMS ANXIETY, May use self-stimulation to calm self-anxiety appears to be a component of disorder
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TRUE OR FALSE
An autistic child has a fucntional idea of Theory of mind. taking other's view. |
FALSE
“typical” Normal children learn that other children’s actions are related to what they think and not to actual conditions and are able to learn to take “others view” ”_(ex. Wouldn’t understand why balloon pooping makes a kid cry) |
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How are an autistic childs META SKILLS?
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Autistic individuals may not be able to do this and have limited meta skills in general ( cant think about lg and thinking)
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What is the largest area of language deficit for an autistic child>
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PRAGMATICS
largest area of language deficit independent of severity of autism |
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NAme how an autistic childs pragmatics are present.
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Problems with INITIATING and TERMINATING interaction, STAYING ON TOPIC, POINTING and gesturing, attention and joint action, communicative functions
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Asynchronous development is in what areas?
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gestural and vocal AREAS
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NAme the Aberrant behaviors (abnormal behaviors) that can be present.
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Aberrant behaviors (abnormal behaviors) can be INTENTIONAL, INTERACTIVE, and COMMUNICATIVE
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Explain how they have Difficulty with communication intent and presuppositions
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___(ex. Where you can take on a person perspective) (You are presupposing that listener knows what you are talking about)
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DESCRIBE SEMANTIC problems autistic child has
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a.Difficulty with establishing categories
b. Difficulty with understanding how objects are functionally related c.Gestalt style of processing-learn phrases and sentences and apply to different situations d.As spontaneous utterances increase, __Echolalia decreases |
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Gestalt style of processing describe
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-learn phrases and sentences and apply to different situations
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As spontaneous utterances increase, _what happens to echolalia?
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As spontaneous utterances increase, __Echolalia DECREASES
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TRUE OR FALSE
Difficulty with morphological endings and function words (like prepositions and auxiliaries)-may not have concepts |
TRUE
Difficulty with morphological endings and function words (like prepositions and auxiliaries)-may not have concepts (SYNTAX) |
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HOW DOES AN AUTISTICS CHILD PHONOLOGY DEVELOP?
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Phonology develops in NORMAL sequence and often better than other components. (But may not comprehend what reading. although can read.)
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HOW IS THE PHONOLOGY AFFECTED?
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Deviant rate, prosody, rhythm, and quality (of speech will be impacted) ex. For statement might use a question prosody, or be monotone.
-May not process or use _prosodic features -May speak in monotone or have abnormal stress patterns in speech |
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TRUE OR FALSE
AN AUTISTIC CHILDS PHONOLOGY MIGHT BE AFFECTED May speak in monotone or have abnormal stress patterns in speech |
TRUE
May speak in monotone or have abnormal stress patterns in speech |
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Hyperlexia may happen to autistic child, what is this?
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Hyperlexia BABIES CAN READ. • Highly developed word-recognition skills with little or _no comprehension_
• Tuned into orthographic and phonological features- (sounding out the word but not the meaning of the word) |