Hazmat Tech 1 Dod

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MC 306/DOT 406

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NON-PRESSURE
2,000 LBS - 10,000 LBS

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Element

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Is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

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Compound

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Is a substance with unique chemical and physical properties that is composed of two or more elements that have chemically reacted.

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Ionic Compound

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Result from ionic bonding and covalent compunds from covalent bonding.

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organic

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Living or once lived.

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Inorganic

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Man made.

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Hydrocarbons

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Are compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon. E.G. Gas, fuel oils, and LPG.

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Physical state

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is whether it is gas, salid or a liquid, the normal physical state of something that is at 70 degrees.

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Mixture

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is a substance made up of 2 or more compounds that are physically mixed together but do not lose there individual identities.

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Solution

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is a mixture in which all of the ingredients are completely dissolved.

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Slurry

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Is a pourable mixture of a solid and liquid.

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Sludge

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Is a solid, semi-solid or liquid waste product.

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Critical Temp

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Is the min temp at which a gas can be liquefied no matter how much pressure is applied.

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Specific gravity

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Is the ration of the wieght of a solid or liquids volume compared to the weight of an equal volume of water. Water = 1.

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Sublimation

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Is a process in which a substance passes directly from a solid to a vapor without passing through liquid.

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Vapor density

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is the relative density of a vapor compared to the air. Air =1.

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Viscosity

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Is a measure of the thickness of a liquid that quantities how easily the liquid flows.

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Boiling point

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Is the temp at which the transition from liquid to gas occurs.

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Melting point

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Is the temp at which a solid becomes a liquid and the freezing point is the temp at which a liquid becomes a solid.

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Miscible

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The compatibility of 2 or more liquids to form a unified blend or dissolve in one another.

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Expansion ratio

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Is the amount of vapor produced by a given volume of liquid at a given temp.

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Vapor pressure

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Is the pressure exerted on the inside of a closed container by the vapor in the space above the liquid in the container.

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Water solubility

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Is the ability of a substance to form a solution with water.

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Persistence

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Refers to the ability of a material to stick around for more than 24hr.

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Flash point

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Is the min temp at which a liquid gives off enough vapors that will ignite and flash over but will not continue to burn without additional heat.

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Fire point

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Is the temp at which a material produces sufficient vapors that, once ignited by an outside ignition source will continue to burn.

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Volatility

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measures how easily a liquid or solid can pass into a vapor state.

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Catalyst

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Controls the rate of a chemical reaction by either speeding it up or slowing it down.

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Inhibitor

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Is added to products to control their reaction with other products.

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LC50

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Is used to denote the toxicity of gases and vapors

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TLV-C

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Level above which exposures should not occur

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PEL

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Max concentration for exposures 8hrs/day, 40 hrs/week

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IDLH

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can work safetly for 30 mins and not be harmed.

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TLV-STEL

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Max concentration for 4 exposures at 15 min 1 hr rest periods between

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TLV-TWA

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Max concentration for exposures 8hrs/day, 40hrs/week

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Activity

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Is measured in curies, millicuries, microcuries, and indicates how much radioactivity a sample contains

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Irritant

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Can cause asphyxiation in extreme cases

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Choking Agent

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Can cause eye and respiratory irritation, coughing, and delayed pulmonary edema

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Vesicant

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Can cause eye and respiratory irritation, may act as a poison if enough is absorbed in the bloodstream

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Biological agent/Toxin

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Can be fatal; difficult to detect since initial symptoms are common to other diseases

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Nerve Agent

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Extremely fast-acting; may become a vapor hazard under high temp

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LD50

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Value indicates the amount of a substance that will kill 50% of a test population through ingestion, absorption, injection of the substance

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M8/M9 and Colormetric Tubes

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Can detect nerve and blister agents

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Using a photoionization detector

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Need to know the material ionization potential

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Saturated hydrocarbons

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have atoms that are linked by single covalent bonds with a maximum number of hydrogen atoms

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unsaturated hydrocarbons

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Have at least 1 multiple bond between 2 carbon atoms.

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Aromatic Hydrocarbon

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Contain the benzene ring that is formed by 6 carbon atoms and contains double bonds.

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Halogenated hydrocarbon

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More toxic than naturally occuriring organic chemicals

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What do detectors mostly detect?

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Gamma

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If inhaled can effect the internal organs.

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Alpha

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What do fire protection systems provide?

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Apply fire extinguishing agents, cool support to structure.

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What do monitoring and detection systems do?

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Provide early notification

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Limit exposure to adjacent tanks

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Product Spillage control

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Limit hazards to adjacent tanks

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Tank Spacing

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Tank venting/Flaring systems

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Release of the excess vapor

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Transfer ops

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Transfer of product from a damaged to a second container

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Crack

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Narrow split or break in the container

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Score

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Reduction in the thickness of the container shell by a blount object

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Gouge

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Reduction of thickness made by a sharp chisel-like object.

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Dent

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Deformation of the conainer by a blount object.

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Series of predictions that attempt to provide an overall picture

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Estimate

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Break incident into 3 components

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Product, Container, Environment

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3 Elements

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Spil, Leak and Fire

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Separate to allow different products in a pipeline

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Pigs

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Internal Psi for and atmospherc tank.

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0.5 psig

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How much product can a horizontal tank hold?

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5,000-20,000

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What product does an IMO Type 5 Contain?

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Gases

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Excepted Packages

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Design to transport materials with extremely low levels of radioactivity

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What is the strongest Packaging?

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Type B

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Cameo, Chris, RTECS are what kind of resources

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Databases

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Tank cars have?

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Markings on both ends and sides

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What information does the test data printed for tank cars provide?

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Pressure

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Resources that dont indicate hazmat mixing

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Chemical Dictionary

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Colormetric tubes do not indicate

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LEL

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What can a hazmat teck be able to do on the field?

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Replace sensors

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Photo Ions detect?

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Toxic exposures

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O2 meters do not detect?

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Gas toxicity

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A conatiner having an inner containment vessel is?

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Cyrogenic

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Measure consentration of O2 in air?

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Meters

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Detector that does not measure toxic levels

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CGI

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In orer to determine the exposure limit a responder must first determin the?

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Consentration

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O2 Meters

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Detect on O2 by %.

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PH paper/ PH meters measure?

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Corrosivity PH

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CGI measure?

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Flammability

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Raioactivity Detectors?

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Dosimeters

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What should ph meter be dipped in?

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Water

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Weight information on spec plates are in?

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LBS and Kilograms

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?

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austic/caustic

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pressure in a tank

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35-50psi

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?

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