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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absorption |
The process of applying a material that will soak up and hold hazardous material in a sponge-like manner, for collection and subsequent disposal. |
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Adsorption |
The process in which the contaminant adheres to the surface of an added material - such as silica or activated carbon - rather than combining with it (as in absorption). |
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Chemical degradation |
A natural or artificial process that causes the breakdown of a chemical substance. |
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Contamination |
The process of transferring a hazardous material from its source to people, animals, the environment, or equipment, all of which may act as carriers for the material. |
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Decontamination |
The physical and/or chemical process of reducing and preventing the spread of contaminants from people, animals, the environment, or equipment involved at hazardous materials/WMD incidents. |
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Decontamination corridor |
A controlled area within the warm zone where decontamination takes place. |
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Decontamination team |
The team responsible for reducing and preventing the spread of contaminants from persons and equipment used at a hazardous materials incident. They establish the corridor and all phases of decontamination. |
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Dilution |
The process of adding some substance - usually water - in an attempt to weaken the concentration of another substance. |
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Disinfection |
The process used to destroy recognized disease-carrying (pathogenic) microorganisms. |
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Emergency decontamination |
The process of removing the bulk of contaminants off of a victim without regard for containment. It is used in potential life-threatening situations, without the formal establishment of a decontamination corridor. |
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Evaporation |
A natural form of chemical degradation in which a liquid material becomes a gas, allowing for dissipation of a liquid spill. It is sometimes used as a safe noninvasive way to allow a chemical substance to stabilize without human intervention. |
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Gross decontamination |
A technique for significantly reducing the amount of surface contaminant by application of a continuous shower of water prior to the removal of outer clothing. It is controlled through the decontamination corridor. |
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Isolation and disposal |
A two-step removal process for items that cannot be properly decontaminated. |
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What's the process of Isolation and Disposal? |
First, the contaminated article is removed and isolated in a designated area. Second, it is packaged in a suitable container and transported to an approved facility where it is either incinerated or buried in a hazardous waste landfill. |
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Mass decontamination |
The physical process of reducing or removing surface contaminants from large numbers of victims in potentially life-threatening situations in the fastest time possible. |
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Neutralization |
The method used when the corrosivity of an acid or a base needs to be minimized. This process accomplishes decontamination by way of chemical reaction that alters the materials' pH |
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Solidification |
The process of chemically treating a hazardous liquid so as to turn it into a solid material, thereby making the material easier to handle. |
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Sterilization |
A process utilizing heat, chemical means, or radiation to kill micro organisms. |
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Technical decontamination |
A multi step process of carefully scrubbing and washing contaminants off of a person or object, collecting runoff water, and collecting and properly handling all items; it takes place after gross decontamination. |
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Vacuuming |
The process of cleaning up dusts, particles, and some liquids using a vacuum with a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration to prevent decontamination of the environment. |
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Washing |
The process of dousing contaminated victims with a simple soap-and-water solution. The victims are then rinsed using water. |
