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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Phospholipids
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Phospholipids belong to the lipid family and are composed of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group and a polar molecule
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Phospholipids are a major component of the cell membrane
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Phospholipid bilayer
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A two layered arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules that form a cell membrane
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Contains important components involved in communication, cell recognition and signaling
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Polarity
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Positive and negatively charged ends
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Water- polar
Oil- non-polar They do not mix |
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Transport Proteins
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Special proteins that are embedded in the membrane that help charged molecules pass through the membrane
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Hemoglobin-carries oxygen form the lungs to the tissues
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Selective (semi) permeability
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(Limiting entry)regulates exchange of materials in specific way
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The method used by a cell to pass molecules in or out is determined by the size of the molecule
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Glycoproteins/ glycolipids
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Act as antennae that receive chemical message from other cells
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Receptors for hormonal responses
Help stabilize membrane structure |
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Diffusion
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The movement of a substance from a more concentrated area to a less concentrated area
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Random movement of particles
Gas exchange for photsynthesis |
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Concentration gradient
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Unequal distribution of ions across cell membrane
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Random motion
No order by the way the particles are moving throughout solution or gas |
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Osmosis
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Movement of water though a selectively permeable membrane from solution with lower concentration to one with a higher concentration
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Dehydrated fruit
Pruned fingers |
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Turgor
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Cells swelling against its wall caused by pressure of cells content
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when plants are dehydrated, the cells shrink in size and shape due to the lack of water inside the cell
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Isotonic
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Having equal tension
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muscular contraction when the muscle remains to be in a relatively constant tension while its length changes
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Hypotonic
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having a lesser degree of tone or tension
or having a lesser osmotic pressure in a fluid compared to another fluid |
Lesser osmotic pressure
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Hypertonic
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Having a higher osmotic pressure in a fluid relative to another fluid
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if the extracellular fluid has greater amounts of solutes than the cytoplasm, the extracellular fluid is hypertonic
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Passive transport
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A kind of transport by which ions or molecules move along a concentration gradient, which means movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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Doesn't require input of chemical energy
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Active Transport
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the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy
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Uptake of glucose in the intestines in humans
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Facilitated diffusion
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type of passive transport that allows substances to cross membranes with the assistance of special transport proteins
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Some molecules and ions such as glucose, sodium ions and chloride ions are unable to pass through the lipid bilayer of cell
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Endocytosis
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A process in which cell takes in materials from the outside by engulfing and fusing them with its plasma membrane.
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Removes receptors from cell surface to be destroyed
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Exocytosis
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When materials leave the cell by the membrane "spitting it out"
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the transport of material out of a cell by a sac or vesicle that first engulfs the material and then is extruded through an opening in the cell membrane
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