Guide To Networks Ch1 Terms

Front 1

A+

Back 1

The professional certification established by CompTIA that verifies knowledge about PC operation, repair, and management.

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address

Back 2

A number that uniquely identifies each workstation and device on a network. Without unique ______, computers on the network could not reliably communicate.

Front 3

address management

Back 3

The process of centrally administering a finite number of network addresses for an entire LAN. Usually this task can be accomplished without touching the client workstations.

Front 4

addressing

Back 4

The scheme for assigning a unique identifying number to every workstation and device on the network. The type of _____ used on a network depends on its protocols and network operating system.

Front 5

asset management

Back 5

The process of collecting and storing data on the number and types of software and hardware _____ in an organization’s network. The data collection is automated by electronically examining each network client from a server.

Front 6

backbone

Back 6

The part of a network to which segments and significant shared devices (such as routers, switches, and servers) connect. A _____ is sometimes referred to as “a network of networks,” because of its role in interconnecting smaller parts of a LAN or WAN.

Front 7

backing up

Back 7

The process of copying critical data files to a secure storage area. Often, _____ are performed according to a formulaic schedule.

Front 8

CCIE (Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert)

Back 8

An elite certification that recognizes expert-level installation, configuration, management, and troubleshooting skills on networks that use a range of Cisco Systems’ devices.

Front 9

CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate)

Back 9

A professional certification that attests to one’s skills in installing, configuring, maintaining, and troubleshooting medium-sized networks that use Cisco Systems’ switches and routers.

Front 10

certification

Back 10

The process of mastering material pertaining to a particular hardware system, operating system, programming language, or other software program, then proving your mastery by passing a series of exams.

Front 11

client

Back 11

A computer on the network that requests resources or services from another computer on a network. In some cases, a ____ could also act as a server. The term _____ may also refer to the user of a _____ workstation or a _____ software application installed on the workstation.

Front 12

client/server architecture

Back 12

A network design in which clients (typically desktop or laptop computers) use a centrally administered server to share data, data storage space, and devices.

Front 13

client/server network

Back 13

A network that uses centrally administered computers, known as servers, to enable resource sharing for and to facilitate communication between the other computers on the network.

Front 14

CompTIA (Computing Technology Industry Association)

Back 14

An association of computer resellers, manufacturers, and training companies that sets industry-wide standards for computer professionals. _____ established and sponsors the A+ and Network+ (Net+) certifications.

Front 15

connectivity device

Back 15

One of several types of specialized devices that allows two or more networks or multiple parts of one network to connect and exchange data.

Front 16

convergence

Back 16

The use of data networks to carry voice (or telephone), video, and other communications services in addition to data.

Front 17

data packet

Back 17

A discrete unit of information sent from one node on a network to another.

Front 18

file server

Back 18

A specialized server that enables clients to share applications and data across the network.

Front 19

file services

Back 19

The functions of a file server that allow users to share data files, applications, and storage areas.

Front 20

host

Back 20

A computer that enables resource sharing by other computers on the same network.

Front 21

Internet

Back 21

A complex WAN that connects LANs and clients around the globe.

Front 22

Internet services

Back 22

The services that enable a network to communicate with the Internet, including World Wide Web servers and browsers, file transfer capabilities, Internet addressing schemes, security filters, and a means for directly logging on to other computers.

Front 23

LAN (local area network)

Back 23

A network of computers and other devices that is confined to a relatively small space, such as one building or even one office.

Front 24

license tracking

Back 24

The process of determining the number of copies of a single application that are currently in use on the network and whether the number in use exceeds the authorized number of licenses.

Front 25

load balancing

Back 25

The process of distributing data transfer activity evenly across a network so that no single device is overwhelmed.

Front 26

mail server

Back 26

A server that manages the storage and transfer of e-mail messages.

Front 27

mail services

Back 27

The network services that manage the storage and transfer of e-mail between users on a network. In addition to sending, receiving, and storing mail, _____ can include filtering, routing, notification, scheduling, and data exchange with other mail servers.

Front 28

MAN (metropolitan area network)

Back 28

A network that is larger than a LAN, typically connecting clients and servers from multiple buildings, but within a limited geographic area. For example, a _____ could connect multiple city government buildings around a city’s center.

Front 29

management services

Back 29

The network services that centrally administer and simplify complicated management tasks on the network. Examples of _____ include license tracking, security auditing, asset management, address management, software distribution, traffic monitoring, load balancing, and hardware diagnosis.

Front 30

MCSE (Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer)

Back 30

A professional certification established by Microsoft that demonstrates in-depth knowledge about Microsoft products.

Front 31

motherboard

Back 31

The main circuit board that controls a computer.

Front 32

network

Back 32

A group of computers and other devices (such as printers) that are connected by and can exchange data via some type of transmission media, such as a cable, a wire, or the atmosphere.

Front 33

Network+ (Net+)

Back 33

The professional certification established by CompTIA that verifies broad, vendor- independent networking technology skills, such as an understanding of protocols, topologies, networking hardware, and network troubleshooting.

Front 34

network services

Back 34

The functions provided by a network.

Front 35

NIC (network interface card)

Back 35

The device that enables a workstation to connect to the network and communicate with other computers. _____ are manufactured by several different companies and come with a variety of specifications that are tailored to the workstation’s and the network’s requirements. _____ are also called network adapters.

Front 36

node

Back 36

A computer or other device connected to a network, which has a unique address and is capable of sending or receiving data.

Front 37

NOS (network operating system)

Back 37

The software that runs on a server and enables the server to manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking functions. The most popular _____ are Microsoft Windows NT, Windows 2000 Server, and Windows Server 2003, UNIX, Linux, and Novell NetWare.

Front 38

peer-to-peer network

Back 38

A network in which every computer can communicate directly with every other computer. By default, no computer on a _____ has more authority than another. However, each computer can be configured to share only some of its resources and keep other resources inaccessible to other nodes on the network.

Front 39

print services

Back 39

The network service that allows printers to be shared by several users on a network.

Front 40

protocol

Back 40

A standard method or format for communication between network devices. _____ ensure that data are transferred whole, in sequence, and without error from one node on the network to another.

Front 41

remote access server

Back 41

A server that runs communications services that enable remote users to log on to a network. Also known as an access server.

Front 42

remote user

Back 42

A person working on a computer on a different network or in a different geographical location from the LAN’s server.

Front 43

resources

Back 43

The devices, data, and data storage space provided by a computer, whether stand-alone or shared.

Front 44

restore

Back 44

The process of retrieving files from a backup. It is necessary to _____ files if the original files are lost or deleted.

Front 45

scalable

Back 45

The property of a network that allows you to add nodes or increase its size easily.

Front 46

security auditing

Back 46

The process of evaluating security measures currently in place on a network and notifying the network administrator if a security breach occurs.

Front 47

segment

Back 47

A part of a network. Usually, a _____ is composed of a group of nodes that share the same communications channel for all their traffic.

Front 48

server

Back 48

A computer on the network that manages shared resources. _____ usually have more processing power, memory, and hard disk space than clients. They run network operating software that can manage not only data, but also users, groups, security, and applications on the network.

Front 49

sneakernet

Back 49

A way of exchanging data between computers that are not connected on a network. _____ requires that data be copied from a computer to a removable storage device such as a floppy disk, carried (presumably by someone wearing sneakers) to another computer, then copied from the storage device onto the second computer.

Front 50

soft skills

Back 50

The skills such as customer relations, leadership ability, and dependability, which are not easily measured, but are nevertheless important in a networking career.

Front 51

software distribution

Back 51

The process of automatically transferring a data file or installing a software application from the server to a client on the network.

Front 52

spam

Back 52

An unsolicited, unwanted e-mail.

Front 53

stand-alone computer

Back 53

A computer that uses applications and data only from its local disks and that is not connected to a network.

Front 54

topology

Back 54

The physical layout of computers on a network.

Front 55

traffic

Back 55

The data transmission and processing activity taking place on a computer network at any given time.

Front 56

traffic monitoring

Back 56

The process of determining how much data transfer activity is taking place on a network or network segment and notifying administrators when a segment becomes overloaded.

Front 57

transmission media

Back 57

The means through which data are transmitted and received. _____ may be physical, such as wire or cable, or atmospheric (wireless), such as radio waves.

Front 58

unified communications

Back 58

The centralized management of multiple types of network-based communications, such as voice, video, fax, and messaging services.

Front 59

user

Back 59

A person who uses a computer.

Front 60

WAN (wide area network)

Back 60

A network that spans a long distance and connects two or more LANs.

Front 61

Web server

Back 61

A computer that manages Web site services, such as supplying a Web page to multiple users on demand.

Front 62

workstation

Back 62

A computer that runs a desktop operating system and connects to a network.