Group Cohesion: Understanding Group Processes

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COHESION

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TENDENCY OF A GROUP REMAIN UNITED IN PURSUIT OF AN OBJECTIVE

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TASK COHESION

Back 2

THE DEGREE WHICH MEMBER WORK TOGETHER ACHIEVE COMMON GOAL

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SOCIAL COHESION

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INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION AMONG MEMBER OF A GROUP

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TEAM DOESNT GET ALONG, BUT WIN CHAMPIONSHIP

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LOW SOCIAL COHESION, BUT HIGH TASK COHESION

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4 FACTORS OF COHESION DEVELOPMENT

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*ENVIRONMENTAL

*PERSONAL

*TEAM

*LEADERSHIP

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TOOLS FOR MEASURING COHESION:

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QUESTIONAIRES & SOCIOGRAMS

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WHAT DO QUESTIONAIRE REPORT?

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HOW ATTRACTIVE THE GROUP IS TO INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS AND MEMBER PERCEPTION OF THE GROUP

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WHAT DOES GEQ STAND FOR?

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GROUP ENVIROMENTAL QUESTIONNAIRE

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WHAT ARE THE 4 SUBSCALES

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* ATTRACTION TO GROUP - TASK

*ATTRACTION TO GROUP - SOCIAL

*GROUP INTERGRATION- TASK

*GROUP INTERGRATION- SOCIAL

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WHAT DOES A SOCIOGRAM DO?

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DISCLOSES AFFILATONS AMONG GROUP MEMBERS

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IS COHESION RELATED TO PERFORMANCE?

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YES

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FACTORS OF COHESION-PERFORMANCE

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*TYPES OF MEASURES

*TASK DEMANDS

*DIRECTION OF CAUSALITY

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COHESION

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THE TOTAL FIELD OF FORCES WHICH ACT ON MEMBERS TO REMAIN IN A GROUP

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2 TYPES OF FORCES ACT ON A GROUP

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1) ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE GROUP

2) MEANS CONTROL

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WHAT IS ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE GROUP REFER TOO?

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DESIRE OF INTERPERSONAL INTERACTIONSQ

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WHATS DOES "MEANS CONTROL" REFER TOO?

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THE BENEFITS OF BEING ASSCOIATED WITH A GROUP

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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS REFER TO WHAT?

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FORCES HOLDING A GROUP TOGETHER

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PERSONAL FACTORS REFER TOO WHAT?

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INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TEAM MEMBERS

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3 classifications of PERSONAL FACTORS

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DEMOGRAPHICS, MOTIVES, & BEHAVIOR

*SIMILARITY*

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WHAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR OF "PERSONAL FACTORS" ACCORDING TO CARRON AND HAUSENBLAS?

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INDIVIDUAL SATISFACTION

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LEADERSHIP FACTORS REFER TOO

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INCLUDE LEADERSHIP STYLES & THE REALTIONSHIPS THE ESTABLISH IN THEIR GROUPS

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TEAM FACTORS REFER TO

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TASK CHARACTERISTICS, PRODUCTIVITY, SUCCESS, ETC.

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HOW MANY PARTS ARE ON A QUESTIONNAIRE?

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7 PARTS

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WHAT ARE THE 2 ITEMS THAT QUESTIONAIRES MEASURE?

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INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION (OR) DIRECT RATES CLOSENESS

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ITEMS SOCIOGRAMS TAKE IN ACCOUNT

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1) CLIQUES

2)PERCEPTION OF CLOSENESS

3)FRIENDSHIP CHOICES

4)SOCIAL ISOLATION OF CERTAIN MEMBERS

5)EXTENT OF GROUP ATTRACTION

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WHAT DOES "TYPES OF MEASURES " STATE?

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THOSE ONCE IT WAS THOUGHT THAT TASK COHESION WAS MORE IMPORTANT THAN SOCIAL COHESION

BUT. THEY ARE BOTH EQUALLY IMPORTANT IN PERFORMANCE INCREASES

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WHAT DOES "TASK DEMANDS" OF COHESION-PERFORMANCE STATE?

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IT IS FALSE THAT COHESION-PERFROMANCE IS STRONGER WITH INTERACTING TEAMS VERSES COACTING TEAMS

TASK DEMANDS OF TEAMS HAVE NO INFLUENCE ON COHESION-PERF.

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"DIRECTION OF CAUSALITY" OF COHESION-PERFORMANCE STATE?

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INCREASED COHESION LEADS TO INCREASED PERFORMANCE, WHICH IN TURN LEADS TO MORE COHESION

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INTERACTIVE MEANS:

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TEAM MEMBERS WORK TOGETHER AND COORDINATE

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COACTIVE MEANS

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REQUIRES LESS, IF ANY INTERACTION.

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INTERACTIVE AND COACTIVE EXAMPLE

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BATTING AND CATCHING

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5 FACTORS OF COHESION

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1)TEAM SATISFACTION

2)CONFORMITY

3)SOCIAL SUPPORT

4)ADHERENCE

5)STABILITY

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TEAM SATISFACTION REFERS TO WHAT?

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INCREASED COHESION = INCREASED SATISFACTION

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CONFORMITY REFERS TO WHAT?

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GREATER THE COHESION OF A GROUP = MORE PRESSURE TO CONFORM TO BEHAVIORS OF THE GROUP

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ADHERENCE REFERS TO WHAT?

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THE MORE COHESION = MORE DEDICATION REGARDLESS LEADER TO PARTICIPANT RATIO

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SOCIAL SUPPORT REFERS TO WHAT?

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GREATER SOCIAL SUPPORT = POSITIVE EVALUATION OF GROUP COHESION

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STABILITY REFERS TO WHAT?

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TEAMS HIGHER IN COHESION RESIST DISRUPTION

TEAMS THAT STAY TOGETHER LONGER ARE MORE COHESIVE

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ENHANCING COHESION FOR THE "EXERCISE SETTING"

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EXERCISE CLASSES WITH HIGH FEELING OF COHESION HAVE A FEWER DROP OUT RATES AND LATE ARRIVALS

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ENHANCING COHESION IN THE "SPORT SETTING"

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TEAM BUILDING, ROLES, GOALS, COMMUNICATION, AND PERSONAL SACRIFICE ARE RELATED TO INCREASED COHESION

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5 STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING COHESION

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1) DISTINCTIVENESS

2) INDIVIDUAL PURPOSE

3)GROUP NORM

4)INDIVIDUAL SACRIFICES

5)INTERACTION AND COMMUNICATION

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M.A.P.S. APPROACH FOR TEAM BUILDING

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MISSION

ASSESSMENT

PLAN

SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION

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SHOENFELT FIVE STEP PROCESS FOR CLARIFYING GOALS

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1. ID TEAM GOAL

2. MEMBER ID TEAM VALUES

3. DISCUSS HOW VALUES SUPPORT GOAL

4. CONSIDER TOP 5-7 GOALS

5. PRIORITIZE TEAM VALUES