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27 Cards in this Set
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A strong, hard, magnetic silvery gray metal. Atomic number 26. Symbol Fe Most common element on Earth by mass 4th most common element on Earths's crust |
Iron |
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Origin of the name |
Anglo saxon "iren" Fe - Ferrum Holy metal - used to make swords |
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Discovery of Iron |
Mesopotamia (5000BC) |
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Properties of Iron |
Atomic F Number - 26 Atomic weight - 55.847 Scientific symbol - Fe Melting point - 2795 F Boiling point - 4982 F Density - 7874 grams |
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Types of Iron |
Pig Iron Wroght Iron Malleable Iron Nodular Iron Grey Iron White Iron |
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Basic raw materials for irons Produced by blast furnace |
Pig Iron |
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Mechanical mixture of pure iron and silicate slag |
Wroght Iron |
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Obtained from hard and brittle white iron |
Malleable cast iron |
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Having damping capacity intermediate between cast iron and steel |
Nodular cast iron |
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Can also be produced from pig iron |
Grey cast iron |
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Not machineable |
White cast iron |
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Process of iron |
Extraxted and refined |
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How is iron produced? |
Hot blast method Anthracite furnace |
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Making a worker stirring small batches of pig iron and cinder until the iron separated from the slag |
Puddling |
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World iron ore is extracted through open pit mining in which the surface of the ground is removed by heavy machines, often over a very large area, to expose the ore beneath. |
Extraction |
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The mined ore is crushed and sorted. The best grades of ore contains 60% iron. |
Refining |
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Lesser grades are treated, or refined, to remove various contaminants before the ore is shipped to the blast surface. |
Beneficiation |
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Uses of Iron |
As steel Household In our surroundings |
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As steel |
Ordinary carbon steel Alloy steels Stainless steel cast iron |
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Household |
Wroght iron Cast iron Stainless steel |
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In our surroundings |
Buildings Bridges Skyscrapers |
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Heavy metal with density exceeding that of most common materials; it is soft malleable and melts at a relatively low temperature. Chemical element with atomic number 82 (Second highest atomic number of the classically stable elements), and symbol Pb. |
Lead |
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Pb in latin means |
Plumbum |
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Origin of name lead |
Anglo saxon word for the metal 'lead' |
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A dull silvery grey metal. It is soft and easily worked into sheets. |
Lead |
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Because of its super covering power, this was the basis of paint for 2000 years. |
Lead |
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Uses of Lead |
Pipes Pewter Paint Lead glazes for pottery Insecticides Hair dyes Car batteries Pigments Ammunition Cable sheathing Weights for lifting Weight belts for diving Lead crystal glass Radiation protection Solders |
