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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What type of fibers are in CN 5?
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mixed sensory and motor
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Where does CN 5 emerge from?
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lateral aspect of the pons, as 2 roots, a larger sensory and smaller motor root
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What muscles does the branchial motor branch supply?
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Muscles of mastication, anterior belly of the digastric, mylohyoid, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini muscles
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What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
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-V1 - Opthalmic Division
-V2 - Maxillary Division -V3 - Mandibular Division |
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What info does V1 carry?
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pure sensory
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Where does V1 exit the cranial cavity?
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via the Superior Orbital Fissure to enter the orbit
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Where does V1 travel through?
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passes forward into the dura in the lateral wall of the Cavernous Sinus to exit the cranial cavity via the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit
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What are the three branches of the opthalmic division?
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-Nasocilliary
-Frontal -Lacrimal |
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What does V1 innervate?
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Cornea, conjuctiva, nasal cavity, frontal and ethmoid sinuses, dorsum of the nose, upper eyelid, anterior portion of the scalp
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What type of fibers make up V2?
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sensory only
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Where does V2 exit the cranial cavity?
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exits via the foramen rotundum to enter the pterygopalatine fossa
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Where does V2 travel?
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passes forward in the dura of the lateral wall of the Cavernous Sinus to exit the cranial cavity via the Foramen Rotundum to enter the pterygopalatine fossa
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What are the major branches of V2?
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zygomatic, superior alveolar (posterior, middle, anterior), infraorbital, palatine (lesser, greater)
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What muscles/areas does V2 innervate?
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palate, nasal cavity, upper teeth, maxillary sinus, skin of lateral side of nose, upper lip, lower eyelid, cheek
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What types of fibers does V3 have?
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mixed, both sensory and motor
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Where does V3 exit the cranium?
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exits via the froamen ovale
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Where does V3 travel?
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exits the cranial cavity vis the foramen ovale (motor and sensory roots join)
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What does V3 innervate with motor fibers?
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derivatives of the 1st pharyngeal arch - masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoids, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric muscles
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What are hte major nerve branches of V3?
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Buccal, Lingual, Inferior Alveolar, Auriculotemporal (also nerve to mylohyoid)
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What areas does V3 innervate with sensory fibers?
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skin of lower face, cheek, lower lip, temporomandibular joint, upper external auditory meatus, tympanic membrane, anterior 2/3 of tongue, lower teeth
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Does the trigeminal nerve convey parasympathetic preganglionic fibers?
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No, but postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers from ciliary, otic, submandibular, and pterygopalatine ganglia join branches of the trigeminal nerve
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What are some of the sensations that can be lost with injury to the trigeminal nerve?
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loss of light touch, pain & temperature sensations from the face, anterior scalp, mucous membranes of the nose, mouth and anterior 2/3 of the tongue
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What losses are associated with injury to V1?
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loss of afferent limb of the corneal reflex (both eyes blinking in response to one eye being touched)
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What losses are associated with injury to V3?
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Paralysis of the muscles of mastication (chin points to the side of the lesion)
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What is Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic douloureux)?
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-disorder of the sensory root of CN V
-occurs most ofter in middle-aged or elderly -sudden attack of excruciating jabs of facial pain, for 15+ minutes -V2 most frequently involved, V1 least frequent -cause unknown -may require surgical resection of the nerve or ganglion |
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What is the path of the facial nerve?
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starts to exit the cranial cavity via the interanl acoustic meatus, travels through the Facial Canal in the Temporal Bone to finally exit the skull via the stylomastoid foramen
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What types of fibers does CN VII contain?
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mixed sensory and motor
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Where does CN VII emerge from?
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junction of the pons and medulla, as two divisions: motor root and intermediate nerve
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What does the motor root of CN VII innervate?
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muscles of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior belly of the digastric (derivatives of the 2nd pharyngeal arch)
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What is the function of the intermediate nerve of CN VII?
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carries taste, somatic sensory, and parasympathetic fibers
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What branches does CN VII give rise to while in the facial canal of the temporal bone?
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greater petrosal nerve, chorda tympani nerve, nerve to the stapedius muscle
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What is the function of the greater petrosal nerve?
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-provides parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion, which in turn provides autonomic innervation to the lacrimal gland and the mucous glands of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and palate
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What is the function of the Chorda Tympani Nerve?
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carries taste fibers to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, as well as parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the submandibular ganglion
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What nerve does the Chorda Tympani join with?
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Unites with the lingual nerve branch of V3
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Where do postganglionic fibers of the Chorda Tympani nerve go to?
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Distributed to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
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Where does the facial nerve emerge from?
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The stylomastoid foramen
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What branch does the facial nerve give of immeadiately after exiting the cranium?
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The posterior auricular nerve
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Where does CN VII travel after exiting the cranial cavity?
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continues anteriorly within the parotid gland
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WHat 5 branches does the facial nerve terminate as?
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Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular (marginal), Cervical
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What are the muscles of facial expression?
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Frontalis, Orbicularis Oculi, Zygomaticus Major, Levator Labii Superioris, Levator Anguli Oris, Orbicularis Oris, Depressor Labii Inferioris, Depressor Anguli Oris, Buccinator, Platysma
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WHat innervates the muscles of facial expression?
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CN VII
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What are som eof the signs of injury to the facial nerve?
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-paralysis of the muscles of facial expression (bells palsy)
-may have loss of taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue -may have decreased secretions from the lacrimal or submandibular and sublingual glands -loss of efferent limb of the corneal reflex |
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What causes Bells Palsy?
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-most common non-traumatic cause is inflammation of the nerve near the stylomastoid foramen
-can also be the result of a fracture to te temporal bone, surgical and dental procedures |