Gross Anatomy - Chapter 6

Front 1

A 68-year-old woman with uterine carcinoma undergoes surgical resection. This cancer can spread directly to the labia majora in lymphatics that follow which of the following structures that follow which of the following structures?

Back 1

Round ligament of the uterus

Front 2

A 17-year-old boy suffers a traumatic groin injury during a soccer match. The urologist notices tenderness and swelling of the boy's left testicle that may be produced by thrombosis in which of the following vein?

Back 2

Left renal vein

Front 3

On a busy Saturday night in Chicago, a 16-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with stab wound from a knife that entered the pelvis above the piriformis muscle. Which of the following structures is most likely to be damaged?

Back 3

Superior gluteal nerve

Front 4

A 22-year-old woman receives a deep cut in the inguinal canal 1 in. lateral to the pubic tubercle. Which of the following ligaments is lacerated within the inguinal canal?

Back 4

Round ligament of the uterus

Front 5

A 29-year-old carpenter sustains severe injures of the pelvic splanchnic nerve by a deep puncture wound, which has become contaminated. The injured parasympathetic preganglionic fibers in the splanchnic nerve are most likely to synapse in which of the following ganglia?

Back 5

Ganglia in or near the viscera or pelvic plexus

Front 6

A 59-year-old woman comes to a local hospital for uterine cancer surgery. As the uterine artery passes from the internal iliac artery to the uterus, it crosses superior to which of the following ligated structures that is sometimes mistakenly ligated during such surgery?

Back 6

Ureter

Front 7

A 29-year-old woman is admitted to a hospital because the birth of her child is several days overdue. Tearing of the pelvic diaphragm during childbirth leads to paralysis of which of the following muscles?

Back 7

Levator ani

Front 8

A 37-year-old small business manager receives a gunshot wound in the pelvic cavity, resulting in a lesion of the sacral splanchnic nerves. Which of the following nerve fibers would primarily be damaged?

Back 8

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers

Front 9

A young couple is having difficulty conceiving a child. Their physician at a reproduction and fertility clinic explains to them that?

Back 9

Fertilization occurs in the infundibulum or ampulla of the uterine tube

Front 10

A 46-year-old woman has a history of infection in her perineal region. A comprehensive examination reveals a tear of the superior boundary of the superficial perineal space. Which of the following structures would most likely be injured?

Back 10

Bulbourethral glands

Front 11

a 46-year-old woman has a history of infection in her perineal region. A comprehensive examination reveals a tear of the superior boundary of the superficial perineal space. Which of the following structures would most likely be injured?

Back 11

Perineal membrane

Front 12

An elderly man with benign enlargement of his prostate experiences difficulty in urination, urinary frequency, and urgency. Which of the following lobes of the prostate gland is commonly involved in benign hypertrophy that obstructs the prostatic urethra?

Back 12

Middle lobe

Front 13

A 59-year-old man is diagnosed with prostate cancer following a digital rectal examination. For the resection of prostate cancer, it is important to know that the prostatic ducts open into or on which of the following structures?

Back 13

Prostatic sinus

Front 14

A 29-year-old woman with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy is admitted to a hospital for culdocentesis. A long needle on the syringe is most efficiently inserted through which of the following structures?

Back 14

Posterior fornix of the vagina

Front 15

A 37-year-old man is suffering from carcinoma of the skin of the penis. Cancer cells are likely to metastasize directly to which of the following lymph nodes?

Back 15

Superficial inguinal nodes

Front 16

A 42-year-old woman who has had six children develops a weakness of the urogenital diaphragm. Paralysis of which of the following muscles would cause such a symptom?

Back 16

Sphincter urethrae

Front 17

A 43-year-old man has a benign tumor located near a gap between the arcuate pubic ligament and the transverse perineal ligament. Which of the following structures is most likely compressed by this tumor?

Back 17

Deep dorsal vein of the penis

Front 18

An obstetrician performs a median episiotomy on a woman before parturition to prevent uncontrolled tearing. If the perineal body is damaged, the function of which of the following muscles might be impaired?

Back 18

Bulbospongiosus and superficial transverse perineal

Front 19

A 22-year-old man has a gonorrheal infection that has infilterated the space between the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm and the superficial perineal fascia. Which of the following structures might be inflamed?

Back 19

Bulb of the penis

Front 20

A 39-year-old man is unable to expel the last drops of urine from the urethra at the end of micturition because of paralysis of the external urethral sphincter and bulbospongiosus muscles. This condition may occur as a result of injury to which o the following nervous structures?

Back 20

pudendal nerve

Front 21

A 21-year-old marine biologist asks about her first bimanual examination, and it is explained to her that the normal position of the uterus is :

Back 21

Anteflexed and anteverted

Front 22

After his bath but before getting dressed, a 4-year-old boy was playing with his puppy. The boy's penis was bitten by the puppy, and the deep dorsal vein was injured. The damaged vein:

Back 22

Drains into the prostatic venous plexus

Front 23

A 62-year-old man is incapable of penile erection after rectal surgery with prostatectomy. The patient most likely has a lesion of which of the following nerves?

Back 23

Pelvic splanchnic nerve

Front 24

A 23-year-old massage therapist who specializes in women's health attends a lecture at an annual conference on techniques of massage. She asks, "What structure is drained by the lumbar (aortic) lymph nodes?" Which of the following structures is the correct answer to this question?

Back 24

Ovary

Front 25

A sexually active adolescent presents with an infection within the ischiorectal fossa. Which of the following structures is most likely injured?

Back 25

Inferior rectal nerve

Front 26

A first-year resident in the urology department reviews pelvic anatomy before seeing patients. Which of the following statements is correct?

Back 26

The dorsal artery of the penis supplies the glans penis

Front 27

A 43-year-old woman presents with a prolapsed uterus. Repair of a prolasped uterus requires knowledge of the supporting structures of the uterus. Which of the following structures plays the most important role in the support of the uterus?

Back 27

Levator ani

Front 28

A 16-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with rupture of the penile urethra. Extravasated urine from this injury can spread into which of the following structures?

Back 28

Scrotum

Front 29

A 23-year-old woman visits her obstetrician for an annual checkup. During vaginal examination, which of the following structures may be palpated?

Back 29

Uterine cervix

Front 30

A 53-year-old bank teller is admitted to a local hospital for surgical removal of a benign pelvic tumor confined within the broad ligament. There is a risk of injuring which of the following structures that lies in this ligament?

Back 30

Uterine tube

Front 31

A 72-year-old man comes to his physician for an annual checkup. Which of the following structures is most readily palpated during rectal examination?

Back 31

Prostate gland

Front 32

A 48-year-old college football coach undergoes a radical prostatectomy for a malignant tumor in his prostate. Following surgery, he is incapable of achieving an erection. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged during the surgery?

Back 32

Pelvic splanchnic nerve

Front 33

A 72-year-old man comes to his physician for an annual checkup. Which of the following structures is most readily palpated during rectal examination?

Back 33

Prostate gland

Front 34

While performing a pelvic exenteration, the surgical oncologist notices a fractures or ruptured boundary of the pelvic inlet. Which of the following structures is most likely damaged?

Back 34

Promontory of the sacrum

Front 35

A 32-year-old patient with multiple fractures of the pelvis had no cutaneous sensation in the urogenital triangle. The function of which of the following nerves is most likely to be spared?

Back 35

Illiohypogastric nerve

Front 36

A 22-year-old victim of an automobile accident has received destructive damaged to structures that form the boundary of the perineum. Which of the following structures is spared?

Back 36

Sacrospinous ligament

Front 37

A 32-year-old man undergoes vasectomy as a means of permanent birth control. A physician performing the vasectomy by making an incision on each side of the scrotum should remember which of the following statements most applicable to the scrotum?

Back 37

It is innervated by the ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves

Front 38

A 37-year old woman complains of a bearing-down sensation in her womb and an increased frequency of and burning sensation on urination. On examination by her gynecologist, she is diagnosed with a uterine prolapse. Which of the following structures provides the primary support for the cervix of the uterus?

Back 38

Cardinal (transverse cervical) ligament

Front 39

A woman is delivering a breech baby. The obstetrician decides that it is best to perform a mediolateral episiotomy. Which of the following structures should the obstetrician avoid incising?

Back 39

Levator ani

Front 40

During pelvic surgery, a surgeon notices severe bleeding from the artery that remains within the true pelvis. Which of the following arteries is most likely to be injured?

Back 40

Uterine artery

Front 41

A neurosurgeon performs surgical resection of a rare meningeal tumor in the sacral region. He tries to avoid an injury of the nerve that arises from the lumbosacral plexus and remains within the abdominal or pelvic cavity. to which of the following nerves should he pay particular attention?

Back 41

Lumbosacral trunk

Front 42

After repair of a ruptured diverticulum, a 31-year-old patient begins to spike with fever and complains of abdominal pain. An infection in the deep perineal space would most likely damage which of the following structures?

Back 42

Sphincter urethrae

Front 43

A radiologist interprets a lymphangiogram for a 29-year-old patient with metastatic carcinoma. Upper lumbar nodes most likely receive lymph from which of the following structures?

Back 43

Testis

Front 44

A 49-year-old woman has a large mass on the pelvic brim. Which of the following structures is most likely compressed by this mass when crossing the pelvic brim?

Back 44

Lumbosacral trunk

Front 45

a 26-year-old man comes to a hospital with fever, pain and itching in the perineal region. On examination by a urologist, he is diagnosed as having infected bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands. Which of the following structures is/are affected by this infection?

Back 45

Sphincter urethrae

Front 46

A 21-year-old man is involved in a high speed motor vehicle accident. As a result, he has extensive damage to which of the following best describes the injured sphincter urethrae?

Back 46

Innervated by the perineal nerve

Front 47

A 6-month-old male infant is admitted to the children's hospital because he has no testis in his scrotum. During physical examination, the pediatrician palpated the testis in the inguinal canal. What is the diagnosis of this condition?

Back 47

Cryptorchid testis

Front 48

An obstetrician is about to perform a pudendal block so a woman can experience less pain when she delivers her child. He recalls what he learned in medical school about this nerve. Which of the following statements is correct?

Back 48

It can be blocked by injecting an anesthetic near the inferior margin of the ischial spine

Front 49

A trauma surgeon in the emergency department at a local center examines a 14-year-old boy with extensive pelvic injuries after a hit and run accident. The surgeon inspects the ischiorectal fossa because it

Back 49

contains the inferior rectal vessels

Front 50

An elderly man with prostatitis is seen at an internal medicine clinic. The seminal colliculus of his prostate gland is infected, and its fine openings are closed. Which of the following structures is/are most likely to be disturbed?

Back 50

Ejaculatory ducts

Front 51

A general surgeon is giving a lecture to a team of surgery residents. She describes the characteristics of structures above the pectinate line of the anal canal, which include:

Back 51

Visceral sensory innervation

Front 52

A 5-month-old boy is admitted to the children's hospital because of urine being expelled from the dorsal aspect of the penis. Which of the following embryologic structures failed to fuse in this patient?

Back 52

Spongy urethra

Front 53

A 78-year-old man has carcinoma of the rectum. The cancer is likely to metastasize via the veins into which of the following structures?

Back 53

Liver