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52 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
A 27-year-old patient exhibits a loss of skin sensation and paralysis of muscles on the plantar aspect of the medial side of the foot. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
Tibial
A patient with a deep knife wound in the buttock walks with a waddling gait that is characterized by the pelvis falling toward one side at each step. Which of the following nerves is damaged?
Superior gluteal nerve
A patient is unable to prevent anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia when the knee is flexed. Which of the following ligaments is most likely damaged?
Posterior cruciate
A 41-year-old man was involved in a fight and felt weakness in extending the knee joint. On examination, he was diagnosed with a lesion of the femoral nerve. Which of the following symptoms would be a result of this nerve damage?
Paralysis of the vastus lateralis muscle
A 47-year-old woman is unable to invert her foot after she stumbled on her driveway. Which of the following nerves are most likely injured?
Deep peroneal and tibial
A 22-year-old patient is unable to "unlock" the knee joint to permit flexion of the leg. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
Popliteus
A patient presents with sensory loss on adjacent sides of the great and second toes and impaired dorsiflexion of the foot. These signs probably indicate damage to which of the following nerves.
Deep peroneal
A motorcyclist falls fom his bike in an accident and gets a deep gash that severs the superficial peroneal nerve near its origin. Which of the following muscles is paralyzed?
Peroneous longus
A 67-year-old patient has been given a course of antibiotics by gluteal intramuscular injections after a major abdominal surgery. To avoid damaging the sciatic nerve during an injection, the needle should be inserted into which of the following areas?
Upper lateral quadrant of the gluteal region
A 20-year-old patient cannot flex and medially rotate the thigh while running and climing. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
Tensor fasciae latae
A 21-year-old man was involved in a motorcycle accident, resulting in destruction of the groove in the lower surface of the cuboid bone. Which of the following muscle tendons is most likely damaged?
Peroneous longus
A construction worker falls feet first from a roof. He sustains a fracture of the groove on the undersurface of the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus bone. Which of the following muscle tendons is most likely torn?
Flexor hallucis longus
A thoracic surgeon is going to collect a portion of the greater saphenous vein for coronary bypass surgery. He has observed that this vein runs
Superficial to the fascia lata of the thigh
A 52-year-old woman slipped and fell and now complains of being unable to extend her leg at the knee joint. Which of the following muscles was paralyzed as a result of this accident?
Quadraceps femoris
A patient experiences weakness in dorsiflexing and inverting the foot. Which of the following muscles is damaged?
Tibialis anterior
A 62-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. As a result, she has posterior dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur. Rupture of the ligamentum teres capitis femoris may lead to damage to a branch of which of the following arteries?
Obturator
A 62-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. As a result, she has posterior dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur. Fracture of the neck of the femur results in avascular necrosis of the femoral head, probably resulting from lack of blood supply from which of the following arteries?
Medial femoral circumflex
A 62-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. As a result, she has posterior dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur. If the acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior margin by dislocation of the hip joint, which of the following bones could be involved?
Illium
A 62-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. As a result, she has posterior dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur. The woman experiences weakness when abducting and medially rotating the thigh after this accident. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
Gluteus minimus
A 62-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. As a result, she has posterior dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur. The woman undergoes hip surgery. If all of the arteries that are part of the cruciate anastomosis of the upper thigh are ligated, which of the following arteries maintains blood flow?
Superior gluteal
A 34-year-old woman sustains a deep cut on the dorum of the foot just distal to her ankle joint by a falling kitchen knife. A physician in the mergency department has ligated the dorsalis pedis artery proximal to the injured area. Which of the following conditions most likely occurs as a result of the injury?
Reduction in blood flow in the medial tarsal artery
A patient experiences paralysis of the muscle that originated from the femur and contributes directly to the stability of the knee joint. Which muscle is involved?
Vastus lateralis
A patient is involved in a motorcycle wreck that results in avulsion of the skin over the anterolateral leg and ankle. Which of the following strctures is most likely deustroyed with this type of injury?
Superficial peroneal nerve
A knife wound penetrates the superficial vein that terninates in the popliteal vein. Bleeding occurs from which vessel?
Lesser saphenous vein
A 10-year-old boy falls from a tree house. The resultant heavy compression of the sole of his foot against the ground caused by a fracture of the head of the talus. Which of the following structures is unable to function normally?
Medial lonitudinal arch
A 24-year-old woman complains of weakness when she extends her thigh and rotates it laterally. Which of the following muscles is paralyzed?
Gluteus maximus
A patient with hereditary blood clotting problems presents with pain in the back of her knee. an arteriogram reveals a blood clot in the popliteal artery at its proximal end. Which artery will allow blood to reach the foot?
Lateral circumflex femoral
A 72-year-old woman complains of a cramp-like pain in her thigh and leg. She was diagnosed as having a severe intermittent claudication. Following surgery, an infection was found in the adductor canal, damaging the enclosed structures. Which of the following structures remains intact?
Great saphenous vein
A backerball player was hit in the thigh by an opponent's knee. Which artery is likely to compress and cause ischemia because of the bruise and damage to the extensor muscles of the leg?
Anterior tibial
An elderly woman fell at home and fractured the greater trochanter of her femur. Which muscle would continue to function normally?
Gluteus maximus
A 20-year-old college student receives a severe blow on the inferolateral side of the the left knee joint while playing football. Radiographic exam reveals a fracture of the head and neck of the fibula. Which nerve is damaged?
Common peroneal
A 20-year-old college student receives a severe blow on the inferolateral side of the the left knee joint while playing football. Radiographic exam reveals a fracture of the head and neck of the fibula. After injury to this nerve, which of the following muscles could be paralyzed?
Extensor hallucis longus
A 20-year-old college student receives a severe blow on the inferolateral side of the the left knee joint while playing football. Radiographic exam reveals a fracture of the head and neck of the fibula. If the lateral (fibular) collateral ligament is torn by this fracture, which condition may occur?
Abnormal passive adduction of the extended leg
A 20-year-old college student receives a severe blow on the inferolateral side of the the left knee joint while playing football. Radiographic exam reveals a fracture of the head and neck of the fibula. Which artery could also be damaged by this fracture?
Anterior tibial
A 20-year-old college student receives a severe blow on the inferolateral side of the the left knee joint while playing football. Radiographic exam reveals a fracture of the head and neck of the fibula. Which condition would occur from this fracture?
Anterior tibial compartment syndrome
A construction worker is hit on the leg with a concrete block and is subsequently unable to plantar flex and invert his foot. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
Tibialis posterior
The obturator nerve and the sciatic (tibial portion) nerve of a 15-year-old boy are transected as a result of a motorcycle accident. This injury would result in complete paralysis of which of the following muscles?
Adductor magnus
A 24-year-woman presents to her physician with weakness in flexing the hip joint and extending the knee joint. Which muscle is most likely involved in this scenario?
Rectus femoris
A 17-year-old boy was stabbed furing a gang fight resulting in transection of the obturator nerve. Which muscle is completely paralyzed?
Adductor longus
A 32-year-old carpenter fell from the roof. The lateral longitudinal arch of his foot was flattened from fracture and displacement of the keystone for the arch. Which of the following bones is damaged?
Cuboid bone
While playing football, a 19-year-old college student receives a twisting injury to his knee when being tackled from the lateral side. Which of the following conditions most likely has occured?
Tear of the medial meniscus
a patient has weakness when flexing both her thigh and her leg. Which muscle is most likely injured?
Sartarius
A 35-year-old man has difficulty in dorsiflexing the foot. Which muscle is most likely damaged?
Tibialis anterior
An injury to the leg of a golfer results in loss o the ability to inver the foot. Which of the following muscles is most likely paralyzed?
Tibialis posterior
An orthopedic surgen ligates the posterior tibial artery at its origin. Which of the following arteries has no blood flow immediately after the ligation?
Peroneal
Before knee surgery, a surgeon ligates arteries participating in the anastomosis around the knee joint. Which of the following arteries is most likely spared?
Saphenous branch of the descening genicular
A 25-year-old gladiator sustains a penetrating injury that severs the superficial peroneal nerve. This will most likely cause paralysis of which of the following muscles?
Peroneous brevis
A patient presents with a thrombosis in the popliteal vein. This thrombosis most likely causes reduction of blood flow in which of the following veins?
Femoral
A 21-year-old tennis player comes to an emergency room and complains of pain in the knee joint. On exam, he has an infection inside the knee joint capsule but outside the synovial cavity. Which of the following structures is preserved from this infection?
Lateral collateral ligament
A 14-year-old gymnastic silver medalist falls from the parallel bar and complains of pains from the knee and ankle joints. On physical examination, her physician found that the muscle responsible for flexing the foot is severely weakened. Which muscle involved in both movements was most likely damaged in this accident?
Gastrocnemius
A 28-year-old basketball player falls while rebounding and is unable to run and jump. On physical exam, he has pain and weakness when extending his thigh and flexing his leg. Which muscle involved is both movements is most likely injured?
Semitendinosus
A 52-year-old woman comes to an orthopedic surgeon complaining of an uncomfortable feeling in her knee and ankle joints. After a through exam, she is diagnosed as having arthritis with mild discomfort with passive movements. The muscles acting at the ankle joint appear normal with good strength. Which muscle can both dorsiflex and invert her foot?
Extensor hallucis longus