Grcc Bio 101 Chapter 7

Front 1

Gametes

Back 1

Sperm and Egg cells

Front 2

Gonads

Back 2

Testes and Ovaries

Front 3

Zygotes

Back 3

Single-celled fertilized eggs

Front 4

Embryo

Back 4

Repeated zygote cell divisions

Front 5

Fetus

Back 5

Continued embryo growth

Front 6

Genes

Back 6

Segments of DNA the code for proteins

Front 7

Chromosomes

Back 7

Instruction manual for human growth

Front 8

Mutations

Back 8

Mistakes in copying DNA

Front 9

Alleles

Back 9

Different versions of genes

Front 10

Segregation

Back 10

In meiosis, one member of each homologous pair goes into a gamete

Front 11

Independent Assortment

Back 11

Random determination of which member of a pair of chromosomes goes into a gamete; due to random alignment

Front 12

Random Fertilization

Back 12

Diversity of 1 out of 74 possibilities

Front 13

Monozygotic Twins

Back 13

Two genetically identical twins

Front 14

Gregor Mendel

Back 14

First to accurately describe rules of inheritance for simple traits

Front 15

Phenotype

Back 15

Physical traits of an individual

Front 16

Genotype

Back 16

Description of the alleles for a particular gene in an individual

Front 17

Homozygous

Back 17

Both alleles for a gene are identical

Front 18

Heterozygous

Back 18

The gene has two different alleles

Front 19

Recessive

Back 19

The phenotype of an allele is seen only when homozygous

Front 20

Dominant

Back 20

The phenotype is seen when homozygous or heterozygous

Front 21

Cystic Fibrosis

Back 21

Recessive human genetic disease

Front 22

Huntingtons Disease

Back 22

Dominant human genetic disease

Front 23

Cross

Back 23

Using a punnett square to predict outcomes

Front 24

Heritability

Back 24

Proportion of the variation within a population due to genetic differences among individuals

Front 25

Polygenic traits

Back 25

Quantitative traits, with continuous variation

Front 26

Artificial Selection

Back 26

Selective breeding to produce the best that the farmer wants