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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Electric Charge |
A form of charge, either positive or negative, that exerts an electric force |
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Define Neutral Object |
An object that has equal numbers of protons and electrons |
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Define Negatively Charged Object |
An object with more electrons than protons |
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Define Positively Charged Object |
An object with fewer electrons than protons |
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Define Static Electricity |
An imbalance of electric charge on the surface of an object |
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Define Electric Force |
The force exerted by an object with an electric charge. It can be a force of attraction of repulsion |
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Define Induced Charge Seperation |
A shift in the position of electrons in a neutral object that occurs when a charged object is brought near it |
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Define Charging By Friction |
The transfer of electrons between two neutral objects (made from different materials) that occurs when they are rubbed together or come in contact |
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Define Electrostatic Series |
A list of materials arranged in order of their tendency to gain electrons |
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Define Charging By Conduction |
Charging an object by contact with a charged object |
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Define Grounding |
Connecting an object to a large body, like Earth, that is capable of effectively removing an electric charge that the object might have |
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Almost half of the world's electrical energy is generated by what? |
Burning coal, oil, and natural gas |
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Define Conductor |
A material that lets electrons move easily through it |
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Define Insulator |
A material that does not easily allow the movement of electrons through it |
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Define Semiconductor |
A material that allows electrons to move through it but not as easily as good conductors |
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Define Electric Discharge |
The rapid transfer of electric charge from one object to another |
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What is a load? |
The part of an electric circuit that converts electrical energy into other forms of energy |
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What is a switch? |
A device in an electric circuit that controls the flow of electrons by opening (or closing) the circuit |
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What are conducting wires? |
A device that provides a path for electrons to flow |
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What is a source of electrical energy? |
A device that provides the electrical energy |
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What is electrical energy? |
The energy provides by the flow or electrons in an electrical circuit |
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What is an electric cell? |
A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy |
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What is a primary cell? |
An electric cell that may be used once |
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What is a secondary cell? |
An electric cell that can be recharged |
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What is a direct current (DC)? |
A flow of electrons in one direction through an electric circuit |
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What is an alternating circuit (AC)? |
A flow of electrons that alternate in direction in an electric circuit |
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What is a circuit diagram? |
A way of drawing an electric circuit using standard symbols |
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What is a series circuit? |
A circuit in which the loads are connected end to end so that there is only one path for electrons to flow |
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What is a parallel circuit? |
A circuit in which the loads are connected by branches so that there are two or more paths for electrons to flow |
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Open switch |
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Electric motor |
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Lamp |
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Two-cell battery |
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Connecting wire |
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Grounded |
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What is electric current (/)? |
A measure of the rate of electron flow past a given point in a circuit, measured in (A) |
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What is an ammeter? |
A device used to measure electric current |
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What do circuit breakers and fuses do? |
They protect electrical devices from excess current |
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What is potential difference (voltage) (v)? |
The difference in electric potential energy per unit charge measured at two different points. Measured in volts |
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What is a voltmeter? |
A device used to measure potential difference (voltage). Voltmeters must be connected in parallel with either a load or an energy source when measuring potential difference |
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What is electric resistance (R)? |
The ability of a material to oppose the flow of electric current. Measured in ohms |
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What are factors that affect resistance? |
Material, cross sectional area, length, and temperature |
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What is an ohmmeter? |
A device used to measure resistance |
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What is a resister? |
A device that reduces the flow of electric current |
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What is ohm's law? |
The straight-line relationship between voltage and current. R = V/A. Resistance = voltage/current |
