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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
anything that takes up space and has weight
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matter
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amount of matter that makes up an object
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mass
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measure of the pull of gravity
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weight
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amount of matter in one unit of volume
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density
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tiny particles of which all matter is composed
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atoms
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tiny, extremely dense core at the center of an atom
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nucleus
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tiny particles that swarm at tremendous speeds around the core of an atom
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electrons
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metric unit used to measure an objects mass
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gram
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two particle that make up a nucleus
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protons and neutrons
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most metals are
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solid
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densest of the common metals
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lead
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semimetal that is used to make computer chips
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silicon
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only metal that is liquid at room temperature
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mercury
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element that is the basic building block of all the compounds
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carbon
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very hard metal which is an important ingredient in stainless steel
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nickel
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halogen that is added to toothpaste and drinking water
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fluorine
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halogen that is useful as a bleach and kills germs
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chlorine
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halogen that is added to table salt
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iodine
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colorless, odorless gas which makes up 78% of earth's atmosphere
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nitrogen
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highly reactive elements that tend to form compounds with alkali and alkaline earth metals
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halogens
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the simplest kind of atom with one proton and one electron
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hydrogen
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formed by electrons that are in orbit the same distance from the nucleus
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shell
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number of protons an atom has
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atomic number
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formed by electrons zooming around the nucleus
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electron cloud
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lacking an electrical charge
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neutral
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most abundant element at the surface of the earth
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oxygen
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study of what srbstances are make of and how one can be changed into another
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chemistry
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organized arrangement of all known elements
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periodic table of the elements
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elements which do not combine with anything else except under unusual circumstances
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noble gases
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two or more atoms firmly bound together
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molecule
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instead of melting when heated, iodine does this
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sublimes
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proton has what kind of charge
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positive
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an atom with equal protons and neutrons
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neutral
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two electrons will do this to each other
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repel
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a substance that is composed of only one type of atom
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element
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one or more types of atoms bonded togerther
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compound
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Two objects that have the same volume but different densities, which weighs more?
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the more dense object
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weight of an object changes from
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place to place
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the three main groups of elements
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metals, nonmetals, and semimetals
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A compound made of charged atoms is a ___.
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ionic compound
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hardest of all known materials
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diamond
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compound made of molecules
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molecular compound
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process in which atoms of elements or compounds are rearranged to form new substances
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chemical reaction
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rapid reaction of any substance with oxygen
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combustion
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