Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
128 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
.ps |
Postscript |
|
|
.eps. |
Encapsulated Postscript |
|
|
How should you create a box in a page layout program? |
Using X and Y coordinates and filling in the Width and Hieght. |
|
|
What does WYSIWYG stand for? |
What you is is what you get. (Don't click and drag items on a page) |
|
|
What kind of numbers should you use for coordinates? |
Nice numbers |
|
|
Bleeds show as positive numbers from top left corner. True or False? |
False, bleeds show as negative numbers |
|
|
What is the standard bleed for offset sheetfed and web? |
1/8 inch (0.125 in) |
|
|
Packaging requires a larger bleed. True or False? |
True |
|
|
Image resolution = |
2 x print resolution |
|
|
Types of fonts: |
Postscript Type 1, True Type, D fonts and Open Type |
|
|
Definition of job planning? |
Planning for production of a job using the most efficient and economical combo of people, equipment and processes. |
|
|
Whar is a ganged job? |
More than one job on a press sheet |
|
|
Benefits of a ganged job? |
Very economical and very profitable |
|
|
Ganged jobs are not a manual process. True or False? |
False, they are a very manual process |
|
|
Who does job planning? |
Anyone with knowledge of the job and understanding of the processes. |
|
|
Examples of people who do job planning? |
Production Coordinators/Managers, Estimators, Customer Service reps, Planning (pre planning) departments |
|
|
Why do we do job planning? |
-Many steps from concept to delivery -Helps companies utilize the maximum potential of their equipment -Ensures jobs will adhere to the specifications of production equipment |
|
|
What do you start with first in the job planning process? |
Start at the bindery and work backwards |
|
|
Job planning starts with... |
investigation, determine all specs, requirements and restrictions |
|
|
What are the bindery considerations? |
Folding, Trimming,Binding method, paper weight/thickness, equipment requirements/limitations |
|
|
Bindery is the fastest part of productions. True or False? |
False, it is often the slowest. |
|
|
What are the press considerations? |
Available presses, paper type (size and grain), Imposition, coating & varnishes, Gripper Allowances, Quality control allowances, |
|
|
Examples of job specifications: |
Physical trim size and bleed allowances, number of pages, number of colours, Type of ink, Type of stock, Number of sides, Cover (separate or self) |
|
|
Basic steps to good job planning: |
1. Gather all the info about the job, bindery and finishing, paper and press 2. Determine maximum number of pages in a signature based on the info above 3. Determine number of signatures and type 4. Fold a dummy and mark-up 5. Use the dummy to draw a lay sheet plan 6. Use the lay sheet plan to form an imposition |
|
|
What is a digital asset? |
Any electronic text, media, file or other digital source |
|
|
Digital asset types: |
Raster or vector images, Publishing, Video, Audio, Other (Voicemail, email, faxes, ms office) |
|
|
What does DAM stand for? |
Digital Asset Management |
|
|
What is digital asset management? |
the storage, cataloguing and access control for digital assets |
|
|
DAM Storage examples: |
Hard drive, RAID, Backup |
|
|
Hardrives are: |
-Local -Network |
|
|
RAID stands for: |
Redundant Array of Independent Disks |
|
|
Back up can be: |
On site or off-site |
|
|
You can control who has access to digital assets through DAM, True or False? |
True |
|
|
What does DAM control? |
-Who has access? -What do they have access to? -When do they have access? -How do they have access? |
|
|
How do you organize files manually? |
Naming convention, Main Folder, Sub folders, Working vs. Final files |
|
|
Example of DAM systems: |
Itunes and Xinet Webnative |
|
|
GCM's Webnative Server is where you can access... |
Asset files |
|
|
GCM's Webnative Server is accessible through... |
Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) |
|
|
GCM's Webnative Server is secured by... |
WebNative Access Control List (ACL) – list of WebNative users that have access to volumes of assets |
|
|
GCM's Webnative Server is is Admin and Printer accessible which means... |
Admins and Printers have direct access |
|
|
Webnative Portal Server is an... |
Asset Browser |
|
|
Webnative Portal Server is accessible through... |
a web browser |
|
|
Webnative Portal Server is not client/ designer accessible. True or False? |
False, clients and designers have access to webnative portal server. |
|
|
Webnative Portal server is secured by... |
WebNative user access |
|
|
In webnative when a file is uploaded it is created as a... |
Low res For Position only (FPO) image |
|
|
FPO's are used in webnative because |
High res files are slow, impractical and unnessary |
|
|
The FPO images that are placed in InDesign have to be... |
Relinked to high res images before output |
|
|
All assets uploaded to the webnative portal are entered into the webnative database. True or False? |
True |
|
|
Meta Data is... |
Data about data |
|
|
DAM in the graphic industry is used for: |
• Design/layout • File organization • Asset Sharing • As a business |
|
|
Additional DAM tools are: |
• Viewer • Editing • Repurposing • OPI • Collaboration/Annotation • Sales and Rights Management • Organization |
|
|
In the printing industry there are two kinds of trapping. True or False? |
True |
|
|
What are the two kinds of trapping? |
Ink trapping and Object Trapping |
|
|
What is ink trapping? |
Amount of ink printing on top of another ink |
|
|
What is object trapping? |
Vector and raster objects that overlap |
|
|
Why do we use object trapping? |
-All printing processes mis-register slightly that can create and unsightly white space between two objects that butt against each other
-Trapping provides a margin or error to reduce the likeliness of seeing this misregistration in the final product |
|
|
What are the four trapping instances? |
1. Overprint 2. Knock Out 3. Keep Back 4. Spread or Choke |
|
|
What is over print? |
• Overprint occurs when one colour prints ontop of another colour • Because process colours are transparent, overprinting is used to create different colours – EX. Printing yellow over magenta = RED |
|
|
What colour almost always overprints other colours? |
Black |
|
|
What ink does black not overprint? |
Opaque ink |
|
|
Large black type should be treated as an... |
Object and not overprinted |
|
|
What is knockout? |
• The opposite of overprint • An object removes all the image below it by creating only that object printing in that space o If the yellow is supposed to stay yellow (not red), we need to remove the magenta from behind it
|
|
|
What is keep back? |
• Knocking out the chromatic (non-black) inks around reverse text and edges in rich black situations
|
|
|
What is spread? |
• The expansion of a lighter colour into a darker colour to compensate for press mis-registration • The slight overlap makes slight misregistration less noticeable • Ex. Yellow spreads into Cyan
|
|
|
What is choke? |
• Contraction of lighter colour into a darker colour to compensate for press misregistration • The slight overlap makes slight mis-reg. Less noticeable • Ex. Yellow chokes the cyan
|
|
|
Spreads and chokes both involve... |
Both involve distorting the shape of the object (fatter or thinner) |
|
|
To minimize the negative affect of distortion always distort the darker colour. True or False? |
False, always distort the lighter colour. |
|
|
What is the lightness of a colour determined by? |
Its natural density, This is the value of the colour as it would appear as a greyscale, measured with a densitometer using the “visual filter” (filter for K) |
|
|
Densities for CMYK are: |
C= 0.60, M=0.80, Y=0.20, K=1.80 |
|
|
When should you not use trapping? |
• Separate Colours: colour don’t touch one another • Common colours: foreground & background objects share one or more common colours |
|
|
When trapping you trap colours. True or False? |
False, you trap ink. |
|
|
Images are too complex and don't need trapping. True or False? |
True |
|
|
If images do need trapping, what part of the image do yo trap? |
The outside edges |
|
|
Trap amounts are often referred to as a measure of points, or as a measure of rows of dots. True or False |
True |
|
|
Trap allowances for sheetfed printing: |
-1/2 row of dots (1/4 pt) -150 – 200 lpi |
|
|
Trap allowances for Publication (Heatset Web): |
-1/2 row of dots (1/4 pt) -133 – 150 lpi -“four thou” – 0.0037 inch |
|
|
Trap allowances for Newspaper (non-heat web): |
-2 rows of dots (1 pt) - 85 – 100 lpi |
|
|
How is trapping done? |
o Manual o Application Based o In-RIP Workflow |
|
|
What is manual trapping? |
Spreads and chokes are created by hand – sometimes done in illustrator or Photoshop |
|
|
Concerns with manual trapping? |
- Time consuming - Scaling manually trapped art - “Double” Trapping |
|
|
What is application based trapping? |
o A program (InDesign, Quark) creates traps automatically according to presets o Traps are applied if file is printed as separations |
|
|
Concerns with application based trapping? |
- Can’t trap placed objects - Settings may not be honoured correctly at output |
|
|
What is In Rip workflow trapping? |
o The RIP performs trapping according to presets o Traps are applied to composite files that have no previous trapping applied o Fast and sophisticated o PDF/X-1a files have to include a tag trapped yes/no |
|
|
Concerns of in Rip workflow trapping? |
Concerns that settings are applied correctly |
|
|
What is imposition? |
An arrangement of pages for printing such that they appear in the correct position and sequence after folding or finishing for the specific job |
|
|
What is the purpose of imposition? |
The purpose of imposition is to maximize the press sheet, while at the same time reducing the amount of intervention needed to produce a printed product by maximizing automation efficiency |
|
|
Factors that affect imposition? |
o Order of pages o Number of signatures o Trims & allowances o Numer of press “passes” o Number & size of Press Sheets o Gripper Edges |
|
|
What are impositions defined by? |
Styles |
|
|
Types of imposition styles: |
• Sheetwise or Sheetwork (SW) • Work & Turn or Work & Flip (W & Turn) • Work & Tumble or Work & Flop (W& Tumble) • Perfecting • Flatwork |
|
|
Sheetwise or Sheetwork is the most common. True or False? |
True |
|
|
Define sheetwise: |
• Different plate sets for front & back forms • None of pages on front plate appear on back • Requires a press to have 2 side guides •Sheet turns side-to-side, maintains same side of sheet for guide • Lead edge (gripper) of sheet never changes • Commonly 1-UP/1-OUT
|
|
|
Define work and turn (work and flip): |
• Uses one set of plates for both sides • Front & back pages are on a single plate • Lead edge of sheet does not change • Side guide changes • The sheet is turned over from operator to gear side for second printing side • Sheet is cut in half after printing & results in 2 (or more) identical signatures
|
|
|
Define work and Tumble (work and flop): |
• Uses one set of plates for both sides (front & back pages are on a single plate) • Side guides remains same on backup • Gripper edge changes •Sheet is tumbled head to tail for second side •Lead edge becomes trailing edge on second pass • Sheet is cut in half after printing & results in two identical signatures
|
|
|
Define Perfecting: |
• Is considered Sheetwork but the sheet tumbles between units similar to Work & Tumble • Two sets of plates need (one for each side of sheet – outside & inside form) • Side guides remain constant • In a single pass, the sheet will be tumbled between units & printed on both sides • The only imposition that images both sides of the sheet in a single pass through the press
|
|
|
Define Flatwork: |
• Term used for jobs that do not require an imposition order • Can be anything from 1-up 1-out, to multiple up, multiple out ‘ganged’ • May be only one side • Done to maximize the press sheet
|
|
|
Types of head orientations? |
Head to head, foot to foot |
|
|
Types of folios: |
Left or Right, High or low |
|
|
Types of Folio lips: |
High or Low |
|
|
N up is... |
How many of the same image up on a sheet. |
|
|
N out is... |
How many copies of each imageyou can get out of the sheet when cut. |
|
|
QC/ Colour Bar is used to: |
To control variability on press |
|
|
Paper Gripper is... |
Allowance for the paper grippers on press, no printing zone |
|
|
Press/Plate Gripper is: |
Allowance for the part of the plate that bends and is fastened to the printing cylinder. The plate gripper + paper gripper = plate edge to first trim
|
|
|
Lead Edge/ Trail Edge: |
Lead edge = edge of sheet that enters press first – reg is tighter, Trail edge = opposite |
|
|
Side Guide: |
the mechanical guide that aligns the side edge of a press sheet |
|
|
Registration Marks: |
printing marks that help determine register between printing units/ colours |
|
|
Gutter: |
the distance between 2 trim marks |
|
|
Spine: |
the edge of a signature that will be bounce. Usually the spine edge is a fold, not a cut when finishing |
|
|
What is Preflighting? |
• Inspection of electronic files prior to production • Identify and fix potential problems that could arise in production |
|
|
Why is Preflighting Necessary? |
• To avoid potential costs and problems during production
• Not all files are created by people trained in proper prepress practices |
|
|
Problems with Files: |
• Low –res images • Fonts • Images in wrong colour space • Incorrect mechanicals • App file mismatch • Spot colours • Compression • Page size • Transparency • ICC profile mismatch or missing |
|
|
Approximately 50% of ads and other files sent to printers would not reproduce properly unless corrected. True or False? |
True. |
|
|
Customer Concerns when submitting files: |
• Confusion over whose responsibility it is to create files and verify content |
|
|
What does PRF stand for? |
Production Request Forms |
|
|
What does a PRF do? |
PRF's make you you know what the output parameters for the job are, and what the client expectations for the job are
|
|
|
A PRF is valuable communication tool to: |
-Find out what customers expect -Let customers know what you expect or are capable of |
|
|
Where in workflow is preflighting done? |
Natively and Non Natively |
|
|
Native preflighting happens in: |
- Preflighting design files - InDesign, Illustrator, Photoshop Documents |
|
|
Non- native preflighting happens in: |
- Production Files, such as PDFs |
|
|
How is preflighting done? |
- Manual Preflighting - Application- based preflighting - third party preflighting |
|
|
Manual Preflighting: |
-Colour (colour spaces, spot colours, registration, RBG black, Total Area Coverage(TAC))- - Images (Resolution, Colour Space, Size, Format, Crop, Link vs embedded) -Type (overset, missing/extra fonts, size too small, font type) - Doc/Page construction (trim size, bleeds, transparencies, trapping, pagination) |
|
|
Packaging includes: |
Fonts, Documents, Instructions, Links |
|
|
Advantages of Preflighting at Application Level: |
• Accuracy • Speed • Economy • Repory |
|
|
Disadvantages of Preflighting at Application Level: |
• Limited customization • Application file – specific • Output • Report |
|
|
Spot Colour: |
special ink that makes a colour |
|
|
Duotone: |
2 colour image – half to start with a greyscale image (photoshop) |
|
|
Manual Preflighting: |
you go through the document and searching for all the errors |
|
|
InDesign Preflighting |
Can’t actually fix anything – just finds the errors |
