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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a recognition of the knowledge; a mental representation that organizes knowledge.
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schema
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occurs when children incorporate new information into their exisiting schemes.
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assimilation
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occurs when children adjust their chemes to fit new information and experiences.
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accommodation
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the interaction of assimilation and accomadation.
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adaptation
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grouping isolated behaviors into a higher order, more smoothly functioning cognitive stystem.
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organization
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name the six substages of the sensorimotor stage.
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(1)simple reflexes; (2)first habits and primary circular reactions; (3)secondary circular reactions; (4)coordination of secondary circular reactions; (5)tertiary circular reactions, novelty, and curiosity; and (6)internalization of schemes
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the understanding that objects and events continue to exist when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched.
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object permanence
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name the two substages of the preoperational stage.
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(1)symbolic function; (2)intuitive thought
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inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of actions (stuffed animals, dolls, etc.)
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animism
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the inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective.
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egocentrism
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the focusing of attention on one characteristic to the exclusion of all others.
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centration
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the idea that an amount stays the same regardless of how its container changes.
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conservation
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a concrete opoeration that involves odering stimuli along a quantitative dimension (such as length)
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seriation
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if a relation holds between a first object and a second obejct, and also holds between the second object and a third object, then it also holds between the first and third objects.
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trasitivity
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the ability to develop hypotheses about ways to solve problems and can systematically deduce which is the best path to followin solving the problem.
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hypothetical deductive reasoning
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the heightened self-consciousness of adolescents, which is reflected in adolescents' beliefs that others are as interested in them as they are in themselves, and in adolescents' sense of personal uniqueness and invincibility.
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adolescent egocentrism
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the aspect of adolescent egocentrism that involves attention-getting behavior motivated by a desire to be noticed, visible, and "on stage".
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imaginary audience
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the part of adolescent egocentrism that involves an adolescent's sense of personal uniqueness and invincibility.
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personal fable
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Vygotzky's term for tasks too difficult for children to master alone but that can be mastered with assistance.
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zone of proximal development (ZPD)
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In cognitive development, Vygotsky used this term to describe the changing support over the course of a teaching session, with the more-skilled person adjusting guidance to fit the child's current performance level.
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scaffolding
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