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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Civil Rights
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set of rights centered around the concept of equal treatment that government is obliged to protect
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civil liberties
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those rights such as freedom of speech or religion, that are so fundamental that they are outside the authority of government to regulate
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discrimination
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favoring one person over another, usually on irrelevant grounds such as race or gender
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public discrimination
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discrimination by national, state, or local governments
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private discrimination
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discrimination by private individuals or businesses
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equal of opportunity
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expectation that citizens may or may not be discriminated against on account of race, gender, or national background, and that every citizen should have an equal chance to succeed in life
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equality of outcome
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expectation that equality is achieved if results are comparable for all citizens regardless of race, gender, or national background, or that such groups are proportionally represented in measures of success in life
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dred scott case
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supreme court decision declaring that blacks could not be citizens and congress could not ban slavery in the terretories
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missourri compromise
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prohibited slavery in territories north of the southern border of Missouri
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emancipation proclimation
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lincolns order ending slavery in states in rebellion
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black codes
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southern laws that prohibited freedmen from voting, owning land, or leaving their plantations
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13th amendment
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prohibits slavery in the united states
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14th amendment
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makes all people born in the united states citizens and prohibits states from denying person within its juristdiction the privilages or apportionment by whole persons
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15th amendment
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prohibits states from denying the right to vote on account of race
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19th amendment
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guarantees women the right to vote
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24th amendment
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prohibits poll taxes
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poll taxes
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tax on voting prohibited by the 24th amendment
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white primary
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election rules that prohibited blacks from voting in Democratic primaries
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grandfather clause
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election rules that exempted people from difficult literacy and interpretation tests for voting if their grandfathers had been eligible to vote
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literacy testes
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tests requiring reading and interpretation skills in order to vote
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jim crow laws
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southern laws that established strict segregation of the races
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Plessy v Ferguson
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separate but equal is constitutional. Homer Plessy is 1/8 black and was tried for sitting in the all white section
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suffrage
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movement to grant women the right to vote
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equal protection clause
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prevents states from denying any person the equal protection of the laws
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brown v board of education
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supreme court decision striking down segregated schools
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loving v virginia
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interracial couple married in D.C. and moved back to virginia. proved it legal to be married
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miscengenation
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interracial marraige and or sexual intercourse, often forbidden by state law until Loving v Virginia
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civil rights act of 1964
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prohibits discrimination in employment, education and places of public accommodation
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equal pay act
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prohibits different pay for males and females for the same work
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defense of marriage act
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federal law exempting states from any requirement to recognize same-sex marriages performed in other states
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civil union
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state laws that provide the benefits of marriage to same-sex couples without using the term marriage
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affirmative action
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policies that grant racial or gender preferences in hiring, education, or contracting
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bakke v california
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supreme court decision upholding affirmative action at colleges as long as there are no quotas
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De facto segregation
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separation by nature
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White Flight
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as non white people move in, white people move out
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