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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Political participation |
Actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or support government and politics. |
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Conventional participation |
Relatively routine political behavior that uses institutional channels and is acceptable to the dominant culture. |
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Unconventional participation |
Relatively uncommon political behavior that challenges or defies established institutions and dominant norms |
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Terrorism |
Premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetuated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents. |
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Direct action |
Unconventional participation that involves assembling crowds to confront businesses and local governments to demand a hearing. |
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Supportive behavior |
Action that expresses allegiance to government and country |
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Influencing behavior |
Behavior that seeks to modify or reverse government policy to serve personal interests. |
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Class action suit |
A legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people in similar circumstances. |
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Voter turnout |
The percentage of eligible citizens who actually vote in a given election |
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Suffrage |
The right to vote |
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Franchine |
The right to vote |
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Progressivism |
A philosophy of political reform based on the goodness and wisdom of the individual citizen as opposed to special interests and political institutions. |
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Direct primary |
A preliminary election run by the state government in which voters choose each party's candidates for the general election |
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Recall |
The process for removing an elected official from office |
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Referendum |
An election on a policy issue |
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Initiative |
A procedure by which voters can propose an issue to be decided by the legislature or by the people in a refferendum. (Signing a petition) |
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Standard socioeconomic model |
A relationship between socioeconomic status and conventional political involvement. People with higher status are more likely to participate than those with lower status |
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Nomination |
Designated as an official candidate of a political party |
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Political system |
A set of interrelated institutions that link people with government |
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Caucus |
A closed meeting of the members of a political party to decide questions of policy and the selection of candidates for office |
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National convention |
A gathering of delegates of a single political party from across the country to choose candidates for president and vice President and adopt a party platform |
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Party platform |
The statement of policies of a national political party |
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Critical election |
An election that produces a sharp change in the existing pattern of party loyalties among groups of voters |
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Electoral realignment |
The change in voting patterns that occurs after a critical election. |
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Electoral dealignment |
A lessening of the importance of party loyalties in voting decisions |
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Majority representation |
The system by which one office, contested by two or more candidates is won by the single candidate who collects the most votes |
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Proportional representation |
The system by which legislative seats are awarded to a party in proportion to the vote that party wins in an election |
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Party identification |
A voters sense of psychological attachment to a party |
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Congressional campaign committee |
An organization maintained by a political party to raise funds to support its own candidates in congressional elections |
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Party machine |
A centralized party organization that dominates local politics by controlling elections |
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Responsible party government |
A set of principles formalizing the ideal role of parties in a majoritarian democracy |
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Presidential primary |
A special primary election used to select delegates to attend the party's national convention, which in turn nominates the presidential candidate. |
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Caucus/convention |
A method used to select delegates to attend a party's national convention. Generally, a local meeting selects delegates for a county level meeting which in turn selects delegates for a higher level meeting. The process culminated in a state convention that actually selects the national convention delegates. |
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Front loading |
States practice of moving delegate selection primaries and caucuses earlier in the calendar year to gain media and candidate attention |
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Fec |
A bipartisan federal agency of six members that oversees the financing of national election campaigns |
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Pac |
An organization that collects campaign contributions from group members and donated them to candidates for political office |
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527 committees |
Committees named after section 527 of the internal revenue code; they enjoy tax-exempt status in election campaigns if they take positions on issues, not candidates. |
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501 social welfare organizations |
Groups named after section 501 of the internal revenue code that operates for promotion of social welfare. Also tax exempt if they spend on issues not candidates. |
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Interest group |
An organized group of individuals that seeks to influence public policy also called lobby |
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Lobbyist |
Representative of an interest group |
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Agenda building |
The process by which new issues are brought into the political limelight |
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Program monitoring |
Keeping track of government programs usually done by interest groups |
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Interest group entrepreneur |
Interest group organizer or leader |
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Trade association |
An organization that represents firms within a particular industry |
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Direct lobbying |
Attempts to influence a policymaker through personal contact with that individual |
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Grassroots lobbying |
Lobbying activities performed by rank and file interest group members and other supporters |
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Coalition building |
The banding together of several interest groups for the purpose of lobbying |
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Citizen group |
Lobbying organization built around policy concerns unrelated to members vocational interests |