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38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
逗号 comma;句号 period/full stop;分号 semicolon;省略号 ellipsis;冒号 colon;星号 asterisk;双引号 quotation marks;单引号 single quotation marks;破折号 dash;圆括号 parentheses;斜线符号 slash;惊叹号 exclamation mark;问号 question mark;方括号 square brackets
逗号 comma;句号 period/full stop;分号 semicolon;省略号 ellipsis;冒号 colon;星号 asterisk;双引号 quotation marks;单引号 single quotation marks;破折号 dash;圆括号 parentheses;斜线符号 slash;惊叹号 exclamation mark;问号 question mark;方括号 square brackets
Manhattan SC Chapter 5 Pronouns

Problem Set

13. Our cat is cuter than those in the shelter.
(Our) cat is cuter than the cats in the shelter.
This new, correct version of the sentence contains no third-person pronouns. {Our is a pronoun, but first-person pronouns such as our never have antecedents in the sentence.)
The original sentence is incorrect because those has no antecedent. Those is plural, and therefore
cannot refer to cat.
Manhattan SC Chapter 5 Pronouns

Problem Set

15. She took her laptop and her books with her on the airplane because she thought she
could use these to get some work done.
(She ) took (her) laptop and(her)books with (her ) on the airplane because (she) thought (she)
could use (them ) to get some work done.
The first she is the antecedent of all three hers.
The three uses of she lack an antecedent, but are correct. The subject of the sentence is simply
an unnamed she. Note that the GMAT will generally name any personal antecedent, rather
than leave this person nameless as in the example above.
Her laptop an d her books is the antecedent of them. (The original these is incorrect because these
is never used as a stand-alone pronoun without a noun following.)
Manhattan SC Chapter 6 Modifiers

Problem Set

9. O f all the earthquakes in European history, the earthquake, which destroyed Lisbon in 1755, is per­
haps the most famous.
Which destroyed Lisbon in 1755: INCORRECT. This clause is wrong because the commas that enclose
it make it a non-essential clause. The logic of the sentence calls for an essential clause to make clear
which earthquake is the most famous. (If you remove the relative clause, you get the very mysterious
sentence O f all the earthquakes in European history, the earthquake is perhaps the m ostfam ous.) To correct
the sentence, we must remove the commas and replace which with that.
Correction: Of all the earthquakes in European history, the earthquake that destroyed Lisbon
in 1755 is perhaps the most famous.
Manhattan SC Chapter 6 Modifiers

Problem Set

10. The tallest mountain on Earth is Mount Everest that is on the border between Nepal and Tibet.
That is on ... Tibet: INCORRECT. This clause is wrong because it is essential. The logic of the sentence
calls for a non-essential clause for two reasons. (1) The information about Mount Everest be­
ing on the border between Nepal and Tibet is hardly necessary to identify which mountain we
are talking about, since we are given both the mountains name (MountEverest) and a unique
description of the mountain (the tallest mountain on EartH). (2) The meaning of the rest of the
sentence would not change in any significant way if the information in the relative clause were
removed. To correct this sentence, we need to put a comma after Everest and change that to
which.
Correction: The tallest mountain on Earth is Mount Everest, which is on the border between
Nepal and Tibet.
Manhattan SC Chapter 6 Modifiers

Problem Set

11. Based on the recent decline in enrollment, the admissions office decided to reevaluate its recruitment strategies.
Based on ... enrollment: INCORRECT. As a noun modifier, the past participle based modifies admis­
sions office. However, the intention of the sentence is not that the admissions office itself is based on the
recent decline in enrollment. The phrase based on X is often incorrectly used in place of the prepositional
phrase because o f which can correctly modify the verb phrase decided to reevaluate.
Correction: Because of the recent decline in enrollment, the admissions office decided to
reevaluate its recruitment strategies.
Manhattan SC Chapter 6 Modifiers

Problem Set

14. Last night our air conditioner broke, which caused great consternation.
Which caused great consternation: INCORRECT. This modifier is dangling, since the sentence contains
no noun correctly modified by the clause which caused great consternation. The author s intent is to com­
ment on the event (the breakdown of the air conditioner). But the main clause does not name the event
with a noun. Therefore, we need to change the modifier to a verb modifier, either a participle (causing. . .) or an absolute phrase (an event that caused.. .).
Correction: Last night our air conditioner broke, causing great consternation.
Manhattan SC Chapter 6 Modifiers

Problem Set

15. The patients rare disease was treated using novel techniques developed at the medical school.
Using novel techniques: INCORRECT. This modifier is dangling, since the sentence contains no noun
that is properly modified by using novel techniques. To fix the sentence, we can introduce an
agent who actually used the novel techniques (e.g., a doctor), or we can switch to a prepositional
phrase, such as through the use o f novel techniques, that does not contain an -ing verb form.
Developed at the medical school: CORRECT. This past participle modifies techniques.
Correction: The patient’s rare disease was treated through the use of novel techniques developed at the medical school.
Manhattan SC Chapter 7 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Problem Set

2. Because Cole wears a helmet when he struck on the head by a falling coconut ten years ago, he
has escaped serious injury in that episode
Wears(present tense) should be was wearing(past progressive tense). The verb needs to be in the past
progressive because the action of wearing the helmet is a background state of affairs that was happening
when the foreground event (the fall of the coconut) occurred.
Struck(active voice) should be was struck(passive voice). The verb has to be in the passive voice because
the phrase by a fallin g coconuttells us that the coconut hit Cole.
Has escaped(present perfect tense) should be escaped (simple past tense). The verb has to be in the simple
past because we are told that the escape occurred at a specific time in the past (ten years ago , in that
episode).
Correction: Because Cole was wearing a helmet when he was struck on the head by a falling
coconut ten years ago, he escaped serious injury in that episode
Manhattan SC Chapter 7 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Problem Set

9. Water freezes if it were cooled to zero degrees Celsius.
Were(present tense of the hypothetical subjunctive mood) should be is(present tense of the indicative
mood). This sentence is stating a general rule that admits of no uncertainty, so the /^clause must be in
the indicative mood. You can also omit a tensed verb altogether from the ^clause: Water freezes i f cooled
to zero degrees Celsius.
Correction: Water freezes if it is cooled to zero degrees Celsius.
Manhattan SC Chapter 7 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Problem Set

10. Helen would feel better if she swallowed this pill.
CORRECT. Swallowedis in the present tense of the hypothetical subjunctive mood. The presence of
wouldin the clause Helen would fe e l betterrequires that the /^clause be in the hypothetical subjunctive
mood. In other words, the verb in the //^clause takes the hypothetical subjunctive mood because would
indicates that Helen is unlikely to take the pill
Manhattan SC Chapter 7 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Problem Set

14. The dealer was asked to sell a painting by Picasso
The words by Picasso are ambiguous. Because was asked is in the passive voice, by Picasso could be meant to tell us who asked the dealer to sell the painting— in which case the sentence should read Picasso asked
the dealer to sell the painting. Alternatively, by Picasso could simply be meant to identify the painting as a
work by Picasso, in which case the sentence should read The dealer was asked to sell a Picasso painting.
Corrections: Picasso asked the dealer to sell a painting.
OR The dealer was asked to sell a Picasso painting
Manhattan SC Chapter 8 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Comparisons

2. I scored three goals in yesterday’s game, as did Suzanne.
CORRECT.
The word as sets up a comparison between two clauses: I scored three goals in yesterdays game and did Suzanne. The verb did in the second clause stands for the entire verb phrase scored three goals in yesterdays game,which thus does not need to be repeated.
Manhattan SC Chapter 8 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Comparisons

3. Juggling is a favorite pastime for me, like for you.
In this sentence, like is incorrectly followed by the prepositional phrase for you. Like can only be followed by a noun or noun phrase. If you want to compare prepositional phrases, you must use as:
Correction: Juggling is a favorite pastime for me, as for you.
You can also change the second term of the comparison to a clause. Notice the parallelism in the verb is:
Correction: Juggling is a favorite pastime for me, as it is for you.
It would not be correct to drop the preposition for and simply write Juggling is a favorite pastime for me,
like you . The comparison would then be ambiguous: do we mean to say that juggling is a favorite pastime
for you or that you are a favorite pastime for m e ? In general, like does not form good comparisons with
nouns or pronouns in prepositional phrases (e.g., fo r me),even if the preposition is correctly omitted
after like.
Manhattan SC Chapter 9 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Idioms

15. (a) The sign in front of the Baker residence prohibits anyone to trespass on the property.
(b) The sign in front of the Baker residence prohibits that anyone trespass on the property.
(c) The sign in front of the Baker residence forbids anyone from trespassing on the property.
(d) The sign in front of the Baker residence forbids anyone to trespass on the property.
(e) The sign in front of the Baker residence prohibits anyone from trespassing on the property.
(a) The sign in front of the Baker residence prohibits anyone to trespass on the property, (pro­hibit + to do) WRONG
(b) The sign in front of the Baker residence prohibits that anyone trespass on the property, (prohibit that + subjunctive mood) WRONG
(c) The sign in front of the Baker residence forbids anyone from trespassing on the property, (forbid + from doing) WRONG
(d) The sign in front of the Baker residence forbids anyone to trespass on the property, (forbid+ to do) RIGHT
(e) The sign in front of the Baker residence prohibits anyone from trespassing on the prop­erty. (prohibit + from doing) RIGHT
Manhattan SC Chapter 10 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Odds&Ends

3. He invitees to the fundraiser include: corporate sponsors, major individual donors, and
important local leaders.
3.The invitees to the fundraiser include corporate sponsors, major individual donors, and
important local leaders, (no colon after include)
The original sentence places a colon incorrectly after the word include.The words that come before a
colon must constitute a complete sentence.
Manhattan SC Chapter 10 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Odds&Ends

7. Historically, the Isle of Man had an economy based primarily on agriculture and fishing; now, one based on banking, tourism, and film production.
7.Historically, the Isle of Man had an economy based primarily on agriculture and fishing;now, IT HAS one based on banking, tourism, and film production.

Just like the words that come before a semicolon, the words that come after a semicolon must constitute a complete sentence. In the original sentence, the second part of the sentence does not form a valid
main clause.
Manhattan SC Chapter 10 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Odds&Ends

8. The composer is regarded more for the quality than for the quantity of her work: in two decades, she has written less than 20 complete works, including just 3 symphonies.
8. The composer is regarded more for the quality than for the quantity of her work: in two
decades, she has written FEWER than 20 complete works, including just 3 symphonies.
Works is a countable noun, so the correct quantity word is few er , not less.
Note that the colon is used correctly. The first part of the sentence is a complete main clause. Moreover,
the second part of the sentence explains the assertion in the first part.
Manhattan SC Chapter 10 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Odds&Ends

9. Despite advancing in an absolute sense, the productivity of Zel-Tech's workforce has
fallen significantly behind that of competitor workforces: by up to thousands of dollars
per worker.
9. Despite advancing in an absolute sense, the productivity of Zel-Tech’s workforce has
fallen significantly behind that of competitor workforces —by up to thousands of dollars per
worker, (dash instead of colon)
The dash is a better choice than the colon if you need to explain a particular phrase, such as significantly
behind , that cannot easily be moved closer to the explanation.
Manhattan SC Chapter 10 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Odds&Ends

12. Jim is trying to reduce the (number) of soda that he drinks (,) at last night's party, (although,) his resolve to drink(fewer)soda was sorely tested(,) he found himself quaffing (many) of sodas
12. Jim is trying to reduce the AMOUNT of soda that he drinks; at last night’s party, HOWEVER, his resolve to drink LESS soda was sorely tested, AND he found himself quaffing A NUMBER of sodas.
Number should be amount or quantity. Here we are thinking of soda as an uncountable substance— otherwise, soda would be sodas.
The comma after drinks should be a semicolon, which would appropriately separate two main clauses:
Jim is trying... that he drinks and at last night's party. .. sorely tested.
Although should be however. Although is a subordinator; therefore, it must be placed at the start of a subordinate clause. In contrast, the conjunctive adverb however can be placed in the middle of a main clause.
Fewer should be less. Once again, we are regarding soda as an uncountable substance.
An and should be inserted after the comma after tested.This placement of and appropriately separates
two main clauses: at last night's party... sorely tested and he found . .. sodas.
Many should be a number.Since there is an -son the end of sodas, we know that sodas are now thought
of as countable things— presumably servings of soda. A number o f is an appropriate modifier for countable things.
Manhattan SC Chapter 10 Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Odds&Ends

13. Orinoco.com, a major internet retailer, announced mixed results for the second
quarter(7)the(numbers) of people shopping at Orinoco.com grew
(b y a thirty-four percent rise)(but)profit per customer fell sharply(as)consumers shifted
to lower-margin items in response to uncertain economic conditions.
13. Orinoco.com, a major internet retailer, announced mixed results for the second quarter:
the NUMBER o f people shopping at Orinoco.com grew by 34 PERCENT, but profit per customer
fell sharply as consumers shifted to lower-margin items in response to uncertain economic conditions.
The circled comma should be replaced, since both parts of the sentence can stand alone as sentences
(and thus, they cannot be joined by a comma). A colon works better than a semicolon, since the colon
implies an explanation. Here, the second part of the sentence explains the term mixed results.
Numbers should be number.The sentence is telling us that one particular figure (number)rose. It is not
telling us that several different figures (numbers) rose.
By a 34 percent rise should be by 34 percent.The verb grew already conveys the idea of an increase, so there is no need to use the noun rise.
But should have a comma in front of it. But is a coordinating conjunction, and so it must be preceded
by a comma in order to separate two main clauses. The two main clauses in question are the number o f
people... percent and profit... fell sharply.
As is correct. As is a subordinator in this context. Unlike a coordinating conjunction, a subordinator
does not always have to be preceded by a comma when it links clauses.
Manhattan SC Chapter 11

GM/S-V/Parallelism: Extra

1. The yellow-toed macaque, which is native to Madagascar, is known as keeping cool by
laving down in damp caves during the hottest part of the day.
is native of Madagascar, is known to keep cool by lying down
1. (C). The switch from is native toto is native o f Is UNJUSTIFIED. The expression X is native to Y
is used to say that X (a species) is from Y (a place). The expression X is a native o fY tells us that X (an
individual) was born in Y (a place). Note that the boldface version is doubly wrong, because it does not
even get the latter idiom right— the article ais missing before native.
The switch from is known as keepingto is known to keepis JUSTIFIED. The expression X is known as Y
means that X is commonly referred to by the name Y: Sean Combs was once known as “P u jf Daddy!'The
expression X is known to Ymeans that doing Y is a characteristic behavior of X.
The switch from laying to lying is JUSTIFIED. Layis a verb that always takes a direct object:
I (subject) decided to lay my coat(object) on the sofa.In contrast, lie is a verb that never takes a direct
object: / (subject) decided to lie down.
Manhattan SC Chapter 11

GM/S-V/Parallelism: Extra

4. Although most consumers are suspicious of such offers, Colin is desirous of purchasing
the two-for-one vacation package
4. Although most consumers are suspicious of such offers, Colin wants to purchase the two-for-one vacation package.
The verb wants is preferable to is desirous o f according to V-A-N pattern 3. Notice, however, that you
should NOT change are suspicious o f to the verb suspect, because consumers suspect such offers is unidiomatic. {Suspect vs. are suspicious o f is,like lack vs. are lacking in , one of the rare exceptions to V-A-N
pattern 3.)
Manhattan SC Chapter 11

GM/S-V/Parallelism: Extra

5. The team has a determination to gain a victory
5. The team is determined to win.
Is determined tois preferable to has a determination to, according to V-A-N pattern 4. (Here determined
is an adjective.) The verb win is preferable to gain a victory, according to V-A-N pattern 1.
Notice that you should not attempt to apply V-A-N pattern 3 to the correct sentence above, because The
team determines to win changes the meaning of the sentence.
Manhattan SC Chapter 11

GM/S-V/Parallelism: Extra

8. The carbon emissions kilogram weight from cars is higher in summer than that of winter.
8. The weight of the carbon emissions from cars is higher in summer than in winter.
The word kilogrambefore weightis redundant, and should therefore be removed. On the other hand,
carbon emissions weight is too short, because weightis a quantity word that should be modified by the
phrase o f carbon emissions(see “Too Short” pattern 1).
The words that o f in the original sentence need to be removed because they have no clear meaning. The
intended comparison is best rendered with the parallel prepositional phrases in summer and in winter .
Manhattan SC Chapter 11

GM/S-V/Parallelism: Extra

11. Neither she nor her parents understands the challenging math problem.
11. Neither she nor her parents [understand)the challenging math problem.
Manhattan SC Chapter 11

GM/S-V/Parallelism: Extra

16. Dr. King's "Letter from a Birmingham Jail" is a condemning of racial injustice and a calling
for nonviolent resistance to that injustice.
17. [Dr. King’s “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” (Ts^la CONDEMNATION of racial injustice (and) a
CALL for nonviolent resistance to that injustice]].
The verb is equates the two parallel halves of this sentence, both of which are action noun phrases. In
order to maximize parallelism between the latter half of the sentence and the first half, we prefer simple,
common action nouns (condemnation ., call)to gerunds ( condemning, calling ).
Note that the latter half of the sentence is one noun phrase that contains within itself two parallel noun
phrases, a condemnation o f racial injustice and a call for resistance to that injustice.
Manhattan SC Chapter 11

GM/S-V/Parallelism: Extra

18. He received a medal for sinking an enemv ship and the capture of its crew.
19. He received a medal for [the SINKING of an enemy ship and (the) CAPTURE of its crew].
The sinking o f an enemy ship is a complex gerund phrase, and the capture o f its crew is a noun phrase
that centers on an action noun {capture).The original sentence was incorrect because it attempted to
put a simple gerund phrase {sinking an enemy ship)in parallel with an action noun phrase.
[why do we not use an action noun phrase instead of a complex gerund phrase in this answer? Sim­ply because no appropriate action noun exists for the verb to sink . “Sinkage” is an English word, but it
does NOT mean the act of causing something to sink.]
Manhattan SC Chapter 12
Pronouns & Modifiers

1. The police have significantly reduced violent crime and are pleased with them for doing it.
The police have significantly reduced violent crime and are pleased with (themselves) for doing so.Police is the antecedent of themselves. ( Them is incorrect here because we need a reflexive pronoun here.)
It in the original sentence is incorrect. Its only possible antecedent, violent crime, does not make logical sense. The authors intention is to refer to the verb phrase have significantly reduced violent crime , but a pronoun cannot have such an antecedent. To solve this problem, we can write doing so instead of doing it.Alternatively, we can replace doing it with an appropriate noun, such as this achievement.
Manhattan SC Chapter 12
Pronouns & Modifiers

2. When Norma and her husband read an article about Florida's adorable manatees, they
promised each other that they would one day go there and see one.
When Norma and(her)husband read an article about Florida’s adorable manatees, (they) promised(each other) that (they) would one day go to Florida and see (one])
Norma is the antecedent of her.
Norma and her husband is the antecedent of the first they and of each other. Manatees is a closer
antecedent, but they and Norma and her husband are in parallel positions in the two clauses. As
for the second they, we presume that the antecedent of this they—the people, not the manatees.
Manatees is the antecedent of one.Recall that one, although singular, can take either a singular
or a plural antecedent. There in the original sentence is incorrect. There is an adverb that behaves much like a pronoun. The problem with therein the original sentence is that it cannot refer to Florida, because
Florida'sis in the possessive case.
Manhattan SC Chapter 13
Verbs & Comparisons

4. Helen would feel better if she was my daughter.
Was(past tense of the indicative mood) should be were (present tense of the hypothetical subjunctive
mood). The presence of would in the clause Helen would feel better requires the i f clause to be in the
hypothetical subjunctive mood. In other words, the verb in the //^clause takes the hypothetical subjunctive mood because would indicates that Helen is not, or is unlikely to be, my daughter.
Correction: Helen would feel better if she were my daughter.
Manhattan SC Chapter 13
Verbs & Comparisons

5. Helen may feel better if she would swallow this pill.
Would swallow should be swallows. Would swallow is incorrect because it uses would in an /^clause.
Never use would in an if-clause! Swallows is in the present tense of the indicative mood. The presence
of ma yin the clause She may feel better requires that the //^clause be in the indicative mood. In other
words, the verb in the /^clause takes the indicative mood because, as the use of may demonstrates, the
author is at least neutral in his or her beliefs about Helen‘s chances of swallowing the pill.
Manhattan SC Chapter 13
Verbs & Comparisons

6. If the supplier has signed a binding contract, he will deliver the goods.
CORRECT. Has signed is in the present perfect tense of the indicative mood. The presence of will in
the clause he will deliver the goods requires the ^clause to be in the indicative mood. In other words, the author is at least neutral in his or her beliefs about the suppliers likelihood of having signed the contract.
Notice that the use of the present perfect tense here indicates that the author is referring to a possible
signing at an unspecified time in the past. This is equivalent to saying I f it is NOW true that the supplier
has signed ... In contrast, the sentence I f the supplier signs a binding contract, he will deliver the goods is also correct, but it refers to a possible signing in the future.
Manhattan SC Chapter 13
Verbs & Comparisons

8. If Abraham Lincoln were born in Livonia, he cannot become the President of the United States.
Was born(simple past tense of the indicative mood) should be had been born(past tense of the hypothetical subjunctive mood). The birth of Abraham Lincoln in Livonia is an unreal past event. Therefore, it
must be rendered in the past hypothetical subjunctive.
Cannot become should be could not have become. The second clause of this sentence is the then-clause of an if.. then sentence. Since if-clause describes something that never happened, the then-clause must contain a helping verb such as would, could , or might. Could is closest in meaning to can , so could is the best option here. The reason we must say could not HAVE become, rather than simply could not become,
is that Abraham Lincoln actually became President of the United States in the past.
Correction: If Abraham Lincoln had been born in Livonia, he could not have become the
President of the United States.
Manhattan SC Chapter 13
Verbs & Comparisons

10. Because epidemiological evidence suggests that some tomatoes are contaminated with
bacteria, Rachel suggested that Patrick make a salad without tomatoes.
CORRECT We use are(indicative mood), not be(command subjunctive mood), even though the verb
is in a that-clause following the verb suggests.This usage is correct because suggests in the first clause of
this sentence is not being used as a Bossy Verb. The epidemiological evidence is not really telling anybody
what to do, so epidemiological evidence suggests is not a signal for us to use the command subjunctive. In
contrast, suggested in the second clause does count as a Bossy Verb, because Rachel is definitely telling
Patrick what to do. When suggest is used as a Bossy Verb, it must be followed by the command subjunctive (make).
Manhattan SC Chapter 13
Verbs & Comparisons

11. It is necessary that our condominium association must comply with the new ordinance, which
requires homeowners clear the snow from the sidewalks in front of their property.
Must comply should be comply(command subjunctive). It is necessary is an expression that functions like a Bossy Verb. In general, it can be followed by either an infinitive or a command subjunctive. In this
sentence, however, we have to choose the command subjunctive because it is necessary is followed by
that.
Clear(command subjunctive) should be to clear(infinitive). Require is a verb that can take either the command subjunctive or the infinitive. In this sentence, however, we have to choose the infinitive because requires is not followed by that.Never use the command subjunctive without a that in front of the clause containing the command subjunctive
Correction: It is necessary that our condominium association comply with the new ordinance,
which requires homeowners to clear the snow from the sidewalks in front of their property.
Manhattan SC Chapter 13
Verbs & Comparisons

16. The athlete’s wearing the Brand X logo is a famous Olympian; his swimming has led to a
lucrative endorsement contract.
Athlete's wearing should be athlete wearing In athlete's wearing the... logo, the word athlete'sis an adjective modifying the gerund phrase wearing the... logo.In athlete wearing the... logo, however, wearing
the... logo is a participial phrase that acts as an adjective modifying the noun athlete.To see which
version is correct, we need to look at the rest of the clause. Who or what is a famous Olympian—the
wearing or the athlete? Clearly it must be the athlete, so we must choose the version in which athlete is
a noun. This means choosing athlete wearing,not athlete's wearing.In the second clause, his swimming
is correct. Here his acts as an adjective, modifying the gerund swimming.Since the swimming itself has
plausibly led to a lucrative endorsement contract,the second clause is correct.
Correction: The athlete wearing the Brand X logo is a famous Olympian; his swimming has
led to a lucrative endorsement contract.
Manhattan SC Chapter 13
Verbs & Comparisons

29. The CEO earns twice higher than the average employee at this company.
The words twice higher than are wrong for two reasons:
(a) twice can never modify higher, because the correct idiom is twice as high as.
(b) higher, like lower , can never function as an adverb in a numerical comparison. It thus cannot modify earns.To modify earns we need to say as much as, or in this sentence twice as much as.
Correction: The CEO earns twice as much as the average employee at this company.