Gis Final

Front 1

Dueker's Definiion

Back 1

Information system where database consists of observations on spatially distributed features, activities or events. These are definable as points, lines, and areas. Manipulates data about these to retrieve data for ad hoc queries and analyses.

Front 2

Fourth Dimension

Back 2

Time (creation, duration, and destruction in time)

Front 3

GIS is...

Back 3

1) tools for analyzing spatial data
2) info system designed for spatial data
3) approach to scientific analysis and use of spatial data
4)

Front 4

Geography

Back 4

Science concerned with all aspects of earth's surface: natural/human divisions, distribution and differentiation of regions, and role of humankind in changing the face of the earth

Front 5

GIS is built upon...

Back 5

geography, cartography, computer science, and mathematics.

Front 6

A GIS consists of at least these three things...

Back 6

-database
-spatial information
-computer-based link between them

Front 7

Feature Model

Back 7

Breaks mapped landscape into features into points lines and polygons.

Front 8

4 Definitions of GIS

Back 8

Toolbox, Information System, Approach to Science, multi-billion dollar business

Front 9

CGIS

Back 9

Canadian GIS: 1964, early system

Front 10

Harvard University ODYSSEY

Back 10

Late 1960s, arc/node data structure

Front 11

azimuthal

Back 11

Globe is projected directly on a flat surface

Front 12

equal area

Back 12

Map projection that preserves area

Front 13

conformal

Back 13

Map projection that preserves local shape of features on maps

Front 14

geodesy

Back 14

Science of measuring the size and shape of the earth and it's gravitational and magnetic field

Front 15

graticule

Back 15

latitude and longitude grid drawn on the map/globe. Angle determines type of projection used

Front 16

Transverse Mercator Projection

Back 16

Adopted by U.S. Army in 1947

Front 17

Ellipsoid

Back 17

Ellipse rotated in three dimensions about its shorter axis.

Front 18

Coordinate System

Back 18

Standardized method for assigning codes to locations so that locations can be found using the codes alone

Front 19

Geocoding

Back 19

conversion of analog maps into computer-readable form: scanning, digitizing, and field collection

Front 20

U.S. Census Bureau

Back 20

part of Department of Commerce

Front 21

USGS

Back 21

United States Geographical Survey: Part of the Department of the Interior--major provider of digital map data

Front 22

chloropleth map

Back 22

Shows numerical data for a group of regions by grouping data into classes and shading each class on the map.

Front 23

HSI

Back 23

System for color, specified as values for hue, saturation, and intensity

Front 24

Hypsometric map

Back 24

Map of topography involving a color sequence

Front 25

Inset

Back 25

Map within a map:
Either smaller to show relative location or larger to show detail

Front 26

Isoline

Back 26

(i.e. Map of temperatures)

Front 27

Map

Back 27

A graphic depiction of all or part of a geographic realm where the real-world features have been replaced with symbols in their correct spatial location at a reduced scale.

Front 28

Orthophoto Map

Back 28

Air photo image map; at 1:12,000, by the USGS

Front 29

simultaneous contrast

Back 29

tendency for colors at opposite ends of the primary scale to perceptually "jump" when placed together (red & green)

Front 30

Stepped Statistical Surface

Back 30

Outlines of areas are raised to a set height according to numerical value/class

Front 31

Map function of GIS

Back 31

Storage, Temporary communication, intermediate check of data, final report

Front 32

Two Types of Maps

Back 32

General Purpose and Thematic