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30 Cards in this Set
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Combo anacid drug used to neutralize acid and pain for acute heartburn. |
Mg2+/Al 3+ Combo
*Aluminimum = constipating effect (minimum amount of poo) *Mg2+ counteracts Al w/ diarrhea effect ("Mg" for Must Go to bathroom!) |
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Class of drugs that reversibly block receptors to prevent rise in cAMP that normally stimulates H+/K+ ATPase and thus decreases acid secretion to treat ulcers |
H2 (selective histamine) Blockers
*All end in "-dine" (before you dine, reserve a table for 2) *heal 90% of ulcers *best if taken 1 hr before meal |
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H2 blocker that inhibits P-450 and thus has many drug-drug interactions, has anti-androgenic effects, and may cross the BBB. |
Cimetidine |
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Class of drugs that are the trx-of-choice for ulcers that irreversibly inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase on parietal cells. |
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's)
*All end in "-prazole" *Decrease absorption of Ca2+, Mg2+, B12 *Cause increase in gastric pH w/ chronic use leading to increased risk for infections |
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PGE1 analog used to treat ulcers by both increasing mucus/HCO3- production and preventing rise in cAMP in parietal cell to decrease acid production. |
Misoprostol
*Also used to induce labor and thus is contraindicated in pregnant |
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Al 3+ salt that binds to ulcers to physically protect the ulcer and thus promote healing |
Sucralfate, Bismuth |
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What is the treatment for H. pylori eradication? |
"Triple Therapy" = PPI + 2 ABX w/ differing MOA's to prevent resistance |
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What is the Trx-of-Choice for GERD? |
PPI ("-prazole") |
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Dopa2 Antagonist used to trx GERD and gastroparesis. Inhibition of Dopa causes an increase in Ach that increases LES tone and speeds gastric emptying.
*Also works at chemo-trigger zone to decrease N/V that complicates gastroparesis |
Metoclopramide
*Causes Basal Ganglia/Parkinsonian symptoms with long-term use |
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2 different drugs that increase Ach release on gastric smooth mm to increase motility for acute gastric paralysis due to rapid development of tolerance. |
*Cisopride (5-HT4 agonist)
*Erythromyocin (motilin receptor agonist) |
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Low-doses can be used to trx diarrhea while high-doses can be used as analgesic |
Opoids
(Codeine, Morphine, Loperamide, Diphenoxylate) |
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OTC Opoid agonist used to trx diarrhea because it cannot cross BBB and thus has little abuse potential |
Loperamide (imodium) |
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Opoid agonist combined w/ Atropine (anti-muscarinic added to decrease abuse potential) used to trx diarrhea |
Diphenoxylate |
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Analgesic that is an opoid agonist in CNS, but an opoid antagonist in periphery to decrease constipation side effect |
Methylnaltrexone |
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5-HT3 Antagonist that decreases vagal stimulation at stomach/SI and acts at chemo-trigger zone to decrease N/V after surgery and chemo |
Ondansetron (all end in "-setron") |
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Somatostatin analog Rx to treat acute variceal bleeds and unressectable carcinoid tumors |
Octreotide |
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H1 and Muscarinic blocker that works in cerebellum and inner ear to treat motion sickness |
Scopolamine (used by Navy) Diphenylhydramine (Benadryl) |
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Neurokinin Antagonist that works at Chemo-trigger zone to trx delayed N/V of chemo and post-op. |
Aprepitant |
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Monoclonal TNF-alpha blocker to trx severe Crohns and Ulcerative colitis with strictures or fistulas |
Infliximab |
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Cannaboid agonists (CB1) that works at chemo-trigger zone to increase appetite and decrease N/V induced by chemo. |
Dronabinol
*dose is dependent on pt's metabolism |
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Work at higher brain centers to inhibit memory/anticipation of N/V before chemo is initiated. |
Benzodiazapines (end in "-azopam") |
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Used in chemo-regime along with anti-emetics to elevate mood. |
Long-Acting glucocorticoids (dexameth., Methylprednisilone) |
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Biologics for the trx of Stage 4 (metastatic) colorectal cancer: __1__ = Ab against VEGF ligand __2__ = Ab that is a VEGF trapper __3__ = Ab against EGFR1 that won't work in pts w/ constitutive mutation in KRAS/NRAS __4__ = Multiple kinase inhibitor |
1) Bevacizumab 2) Aflibercept 3) Cetuximab 4) Regorafenib |
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Biologic chemo agent used to treat Her-2-Neu + esophageal/gastric carcinoma to improve survival by 2 mths |
Traztuzimab |
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Biologic for c-KITT+ Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) |
Imatinib |
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Sympathomimetic that increases NE and Dopa at hypothalamus to increase satiety and decrease appetite
*Trx obesity short-term |
Phentermine |
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Lipase inhibitor that inhibits fat absorptions to trx obesity but has the SE of fatty stools and fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies |
Orlistat |
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Selective 5-HT-2c Agonist that stimulates POMC to cause an increased release of alpha-MSH to decrease Food Intake.
SE: headache, dizzy, fatigue |
Lorcaserin (Belviq) |
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Escalating dose Combo drug for trx of obesity that increases NE & Dopa to increase satiety and decrease appetitite in trx of obesity
SE: paresthesia, dry mouth, constipation |
Phentermine/Topiramate (Qsymia) |
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Combo of an opiate antagonist and anti-depressant used in an escalating dose for trx of of obesity
SE: increase suicide risk |
Naltrexone/Buproprion (Contrave) |
