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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Heartburn and waterbrash |
Esophagitis |
|
Infectious esophagitis patients usually |
Immunosuppressed |
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Reflux esophagitis usually secondary to |
Hiatal hernia |
|
Major problem with long-standing esophagitis |
Barrett's change, dysplasia, esophageal cancer |
|
Barrett's change |
Intestinal type epithelium in the esophagus |
|
Nausea, vomiting, hemetemesis, upper abdominal pain |
Gastritis, peptic ulcer, carcinoma stomach |
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Chronic gastritis cause other than Helicobacter pylori |
Autoimmune causes |
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Peptic ulcer location |
Lesser curve of stomach (smaller side), proximal duodenum |
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Peptic ulcer cause |
Acid damage to epithelial lining |
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Peptic ulcer etiology |
Helicobacter pylori infection, NSAIDs, stress |
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Benign vs malignant gastric ulcer apperance |
Peptic is sharply punched-out and clean-looking, malignant is thick-walled and dirty-looking |
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Bottom of peptic ulcer consists of |
Granulation tissue and scar tissue |
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Peptic ulcer disease penetration |
Erode into pancreas |
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Peptic ulcer disease perforation |
Erode into peritoneum - peritonitis |
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Peritonitis |
Spillage of acid contents from perforation |
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Carcinoma of stomach related to |
Nitrosamines, smoked fish, and chronic atrophic gastritis |
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Diarrhea causes |
Infections, IBD |
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2 types of IBD |
Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis |
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Small bowel |
Large volume, watery, no blood, no leukocytes |
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Large bowel (colon) |
Small volume, mucoid, blood, leukocytes |
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Traveler's diarrhea etiology |
Most bacterial, few viral, rare protozoal |
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Crohn's disease site |
Terminal ileum, anywhere from mouth to anus |
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Ulcerative colitis site |
Rectum, extend proximally up to ileocecal valve (which separates large and small intestine) |
|
If there are ulcers in mouth, it is |
Crohn's disease, not UC |
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Crohn's pattern of involvement |
Discontinuous with skip areas |
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UC pattern of involvement |
Continuous |
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Crohn's vs UC extent of inflammation in the bowel wall |
Crohn's full thickness, UC mucosal only usually |
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Malabsorption, perforation, peritonitis, etc. are complications of |
Crohn's disease |
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3 complications of UC |
Bleeding, megacolon, cancer |
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Appendix has what kind of blood supply and venous return? |
Peripheral arterial blood supply and luminal venous return |
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Acute appendicitis what's happening |
Blockage first prevents venous return, causing edema. Edema together with bacterial growth shuts off arterial supply, causing gangrene |
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Acute appendicitis symptoms |
Fever, leukocytosis, abdominal pain |
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Acute appendicitis abdominal pain location |
Starts at umbilicus, moves to RLQ |
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Are all polyps in the GIT neoplastic? |
No - can be non-neoplastic (inflammatory) |
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Polyps are |
Adenomas |
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Colon cancer sequence |
Adenoma (polyp) - carcinoma |
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Right-sided colon cancer appearance |
Fungating and ulcerating lesions |
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Left-sided colon cancer appearance |
Circumferential (napkin-ring) lesions |
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Right-sided colon cancer symptoms |
Late - weakness, fatigue, diarrhea, mucus |
|
Left-sided colon cancer symptoms |
Early - constipation, flattened stools, rectal bleeding |