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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What "GI Drug Class" is Ipecac?
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Decontamination
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What "GI Drug Class" are the "Setrons"
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5HT3 antagonists (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Scopolamine?
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Anticholinergic (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" are Aprepitant/Fosaprepitant?
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NK1 antagonist (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Dronabinol?
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Cannabinoid (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Nabilone?
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Cannabinoid (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Dimenhydrinate?
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H1 antagonist (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Diphenhydramine?
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H1 antagonist (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Meclizine?
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H1 antagonist (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Droperidol?
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D2 antagonist (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Metoclopramide?
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D2 antagonist (antiemetic); also prokinetic
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What "GI Drug Class" is Prochlorperazaine?
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D2 antagonist (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Promethazine?
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D2 antagonist (antiemetic)
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What "GI Drug Class" is Thiethylperazine?
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D2 antagonist
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What 2 corticosteroids may be used as antemetics?
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Dexamethasone and Methylpredinsolone (usually used in combo with a 5HT3 antagonist)
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Where is the chemoreceptive trigger zone? (CTZ)
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on the floor of the 4th ventricle (OUTSIDE the BBB!)
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Name the CTZ receptors
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Serotonin (5HT3), Histamine (H1), Muscarinic (M1), Opiods, Dopamine (D2) (Syringes Help Men On Drugs); All outside the BBB
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Two receptors inside the BBB responsible for motion sickness
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H1 and M (in cerebellum)
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Which receptors are thought to be more important in chemo induced emesis?
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NK1 receptors in the CNS
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Activated Charcoal is NOT useful in what type of poisoning?
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Cases due to corrosive mineral acids or alkalis; does NOT bin dFe, Lithium or K; binds ETOH and cyanide poorly
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Used for ingestion of Fe tablets, enteric coated meds, drug filled packets and foreign bodies; also used before endoscopic procedures
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Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution
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The use of IPECAC is particularily dangerous if the poison is what?
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corrosive, a petroleum distillate or rapidly acting convulsant
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The only truly effective agents for the prevention of cancer chemo induced emesis (esp caused by Cisplatin)
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5HT3 antagonists (Setrons); most effective in preventing acute phase (<24 hrs) if given 30 min prior
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May cause a SMALL prolongation of QT interval (NOT as big as Cisapride)
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Setrons
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MOA of Scopolamine
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Antimuscarinic in the cerebellum (rapidly and fully distributed in the CNS)
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Particularly effective in the prevention of motion sickness
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Scopolamine
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SE of Scopolamine
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anticholinergic when given orally or parentally (administer as transdermal patch)
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MOA of Aprepitatn (oral)/Fosaprepitant (IV)
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NK1 antagonists (Substance P causes N/V and is the preferred ligand for the NK1 receptor)
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Therapeutic Uses of Aprepitant/Fosaprepitant
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prevention of acute and delayed phase of chemo induced N/V; given in como with a 5HT3 antagonist and Dexamethasone
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SE of Aprepitant and Fosaprepitant
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Met by CYP34A so it increases the tox of Warfarin, Cisapride and other chemotherapeutic agents
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SE of H1 receptor antagonists (Dimenhydrinate, Diphenhydramine, Meclizine)
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Anticholinergic, sedation, possible teratogenic, interactions with some antibiotics
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Which D2 receptor antagonist is most likely to cause sedation via antihistaminic properties?
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Droperidol
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Combo of Dronabinol and Nabilone with what = synergistic antiemetic action
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Phenothiazines
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SE of Dronabinol and Nabilone that may benefit cancer pts
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> appetite
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