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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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causes acute abdominal pain
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appendicitis
bowel obstruction cholecystitis divericulitis gastroenteritis PID peritonitis trauma |
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Orders to anticipate with ACUTE Abdominal pain
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amylase leve
preg test clotting study type and crossmatch urinalysis NG tube |
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what regulates appetite
what stimulates it |
hypothalamus
hypoglycemia empty tummy dec body temp sight smell tast mood illness meds |
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imp remember peds and nutrition
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inf eat and excrete greater amount fluid per kg of bw
-lec excreted with water inf limited ability to conserve -larger bsa allow more fl to be lost -increased metabolism -kidney fx immature and inefficient excreting waste |
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cpsule pill endoscopy
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capsule has own camera and lt source
-swallowed travels thru GI to allow see small intestine -sends message data to recorder worn around waist -8H exam pt free to move |
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albumin
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maintain osmotic P in Bl
-when synthesis protein dec causes plasma oncotic P to dec |
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protein calorie malnutrition
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most common malnutrition
-primary- poor eating habits -secondary- result alteration/ defect ingestion, digestion, absorption, metabolism |
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integumentary ch malnutrition
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brittle nial
dec skin tone and elasticity dry skin hair loss ch of color lack of luster |
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mouth malnutrition
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dec saliva
mucosa more permable to bacteria discolored enamel on teeth |
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stomach malnutrition
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dec gastric secretion
-delayed gastric emptying -constant hunger -inc incidence of ulcers |
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cardiovascular malnutrition
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dec cardiac outpur
-dec hemoglobin -dec bp and pulse -anemia -body edema |
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endocrine malnutrtion
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dec insulin production
-thyroid enlargement |
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neurological malnu
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loss of amition
-tired -dep -dec reflex in leg and ankles -parathesia of hands and feet -syncope -motor weakness |
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renal malnu
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nocturia
-dec urinary output -dec BUN and creatinine |
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intestine malnu
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dec motility and absorption
-normal flora causing inf -diarrhea -flatulence -protruding abdomen |
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immunologic malnu
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dec lymph
-dec albumin level -inc number of infections |
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musculoskeletal
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dec growth rate, ms mass
-dec subQ tissue -weak flabby ms -dec physical activity -severe wt loss |
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reproductive malnu
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amenorrhea
-impotence -atrophied breast |
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respiratory malnu
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pulmonary edema
-dec strength of respiratory ms -inc susceptibility to resp inf -dec resp rate |
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starvation
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body use carbs stores from liver and ms to meet metabolic needs
- once stores depleted protein converted to glucose for energy -may be depleted in 18H |
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causes of malnu
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incomplete diet
alcohol drug abuse fad diets |
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anorexia nervosa
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abnormal wt loss
deliberate self starvation SEE lanugo compulisve excersize dry skin constipation |
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bulimia nervosa
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frequent binge eating and self induced vomiting
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tube feedings
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less expensive than parental
-continuous infusion by pump -intermittent by gravity -bolus by syringe -via NG or Nasointestinal tube *easy clogged with thick feeding *more dif to check residual vol *prone to obstruction when oral drugs not crushed and dissolved in water |
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total parental feedings
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base solution dextrose and amino acids
-pharmacy add prescribed lecs, vits, and trace elements -good for 24H then gets thrown out -refrigerated until 30m prior to admin -hung at same time daily to dec errors |
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common indication tpn
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chronic diarrhea and vomiting
complicated surgery or trauma GI obstruction GI tract anomalies and fistulae hypermetabolic state intractable diarrhea crohns or ulcerative colitis |
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complication tpn
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hyper, hypoglycemia
-prerenal azotemia (accumulation of nitrogenous waste product) -essential fatty acid def -lec and vit excess or def -trace mineral def -hyperlipidemia |
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mechanical prob tpn
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insertion
*air embolus *pnuemo, hemo, or hydrothorax *hemorrhage dislodged thrombosis great vein phlebitis |
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lipectomy
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remove unsightly flabby adipose tissue
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liposuction
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suction assisted lipectomy
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vertical band
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partition off stomach into small band
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gastric bypass
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creating a smaller stomach pouch
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intermaxillary fixation
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wiring the jaw shut for 4 -6 W
-broken jaw safety-chokin and vomiting hygiene-rinse frequent *monitor for resp distress *wire cutter or scissor taped HOB for ice eating- liquid supplements |
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GER
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dysfx of Lower esophageal sphincter
-delayed emptying of stomach *becomes disease when failure to thrive, bleeding or dysphagia |
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GERD
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heartburn occurs more than once a week
*stop smoking *lose wt |
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sliding hiatal hernia
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stomach slides into thoracic cavity when supine and goes back when upright
-inc incidence of GERD |
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paraesophageal or rolling
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fundus and greater curve of stomach roll up thru diaphragm
-very serious -require surgery |
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causes hiatal hernia
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intra-abd pressure
-preg -trauma -obesity -ascites -tumor -tight clothing -heavy lifting -age -prolonged illness in bed |
