Gi: Anatomy: Liver, Pancreas, Gallbladder & Spleen

Front 1

Describe the position of the pancrease

Back 1

posterior to the stomach from the duodenum to the spleen; retroperitoneal EXCEPT the tail that lies within the hilus of the spleen

Front 2

What part of the pancreas is NOT retroperitoneal

Back 2

Tail that lies within the hilus of the spleen

Front 3

Where does cancer of the pancreas usually appear?

Back 3

In its head; often associated with obstruction of bilary ducts (jaundice)

Front 4

What vertebrae are associated with the neck of the pancreas?

Back 4

L1-2

Front 5

Where does the head of the pancreas lie?

Back 5

within the curve of the duodenum

Front 6

What is the uncinate process?

Back 6

Prolongation of the head which projects medially, posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels

Front 7

What structures lie posterior to the neck of the pancreas?

Back 7

Superior mesenteric vein, splenic vein which form the portal vein

Front 8

The body of the pancreas extends across which BV?

Back 8

aorta

Front 9

Where does the tail of the pancreas pass through?

Back 9

splenorenal ligament to the hilus of the spleen (with the splenic vessels)

Front 10

The main pancreatic duct usually joins the common bile duct to form what?

Back 10

hepatopancreatic duct which opens at the major duodenal papilla

Front 11

What does the accessory pancreatic duct drain?

Back 11

head of the pancreas

Front 12

How may a gallstone cause pancreatitis?

Back 12

As it travels down the bile duct, it may become lodged at the opening of the major duodenal papilla causing bile to back up into the pancreatic duct

Front 13

What is the blood supply to the body and tail of the pancreas?

Back 13

Branches of the splenic artery

Front 14

What is the blood supply to the head of the pancreas and duodenum?

Back 14

Branches of the gastroduodenal artery (anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal) and branchs of the Superior mesenteric (Anterior inferior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal)

Front 15

The cystic artery is usually a branch of what?

Back 15

Right hepatic

Front 16

What artery is most likely to be damaged during a cholecystectomy?

Back 16

Right hepatic

Front 17

How is the cystic artery protected during surgery?

Back 17

Dissection of the cystohepatic triangle (Calot's triangle)

Front 18

What are the boundaries of the Cystohepatic Triangle (Calot's triangle)

Back 18

Liver tissue, cystic duct and common hepatic duct

Front 19

What forms the common Bile Duct?

Back 19

Common Hepatic duct and Cystic Duct

Front 20

What does the spiral fold do in the cystic duct?

Back 20

keeps the duct open at all times so bile can flow easily into and out of the gall bladder

Front 21

After a cholecystectomy, what ducts often dilate to store bile?

Back 21

bile and hepatic

Front 22

In what lobe of the liver does the gallbladder lie?

Back 22

Right Quadrate

Front 23

Anatomically, the Caudate and Quadrate lobes are part of which lobe of the liver?

Back 23

Right

Front 24

Functionally, the caudate and quadrate lobes are part of which lobe of the liver?

Back 24

Left

Front 25

Where does the hepatic vein empty into?

Back 25

The IVC

Front 26

Instead of capillaries, the liver has what?

Back 26

Sinusoids

Front 27

What is in a liver lobule?

Back 27

hepatocytes arranged around a central vein

Front 28

What divides the liver into R and L lobes?

Back 28

Falciform ligament

Front 29

What structures lie in the right sagittal limb of the liver?

Back 29

sulcus for IVC and fossa for the GB

Front 30

What structures lie in the left sagittal limb of the liver?

Back 30

Fissure for ligamentum venosum (ductus venosus in fetus) and ligamentum teres hepatis (obliterated umbilical vein)

Front 31

What structures lie in the protal limb of the liver?

Back 31

porta hepatis; separates the caudate and quadrate lobes

Front 32

What is the portal triad/pedicle?

Back 32

hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct

Front 33

The hepatic artery is a branch of what>

Back 33

common hepatic off the celiac trunk

Front 34

The portal vein is formed posterior to the neck of the pancreas by the union of...

Back 34

Superior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric vein and splenic vein

Front 35

Surrounds the hepatopancreatic duct and controls the flow of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum

Back 35

Sphincter of Oddi

Front 36

Controls the flow of bile in the common bile duct to the hepatopancreatic duct

Back 36

Choledochal sphincter

Front 37

Where is a common site for gallstones?

Back 37

Hepatopancreatic duct (narrowest part of biliary passages)

Front 38

How can blood from the GI tract still reach the right atrium when the portal vein is obstructed?

Back 38

Caval (superior and inferior vena cave)

Front 39

What anastomoses is enlarged with caput medusae?

Back 39

paraumbilical veins in the falciform ligament with subcutaneous veins in the anterior ab wall

Front 40

What anastomoses is enlarged with rectal hemorrhoids or piles?

Back 40

Superior rectal vein (portal) with middle and inferior rectal veins (caval)

Front 41

Where is the location of the spleen?

Back 41

LUQ against ribs 9-11

Front 42

Name some fxns of the spleen

Back 42

produce Ab from plasma cells; filter blood' store and concentrate blood cells and platelets

Front 43

What part of the spleen does the splenic artery enter and the vein leave?

Back 43

Hilus

Front 44

What is the larges lymphoid organ?

Back 44

Spleen

Front 45

What does the gastrolineal ligament of the spleen contain?

Back 45

left gastroomental and short gastric arteries (from hilus to greater curvature)

Front 46

What does the splenorenal ligament contain>

Back 46

splenic vessels and tail of pancreas

Front 47

Most frequently injured organ in the body

Back 47

Spleen (Bag of blood!)