Ges Exam 3

Front 1

1. The WTO has determined that prohibiting GMO food from entering a country is an illegal barrier to trade.
A. True
B. False

Back 1

True

Front 2

2. Which of these was NOT a major factor of the Third Agricultural Revolution?
A. The reduction of human labor input.
B. The movement away from communal production with the enclosure of private fields.
C. The standardization of outputs to allow for mass-production of manufactured food products.
D. Monoculture.
E. Increased reliance upon chemical inputs including fertilizers and pesticides.

Back 2

B. The movement away from communal production with the enclosure of private fields.

Front 3

3. As part of both the First Agricultural Revolution and the Green Revolution, humans modified plant genetics by selecting cultivars for desired traits.
A. True
B. False

Back 3

True

Front 4

4. An agrarian culture is one (in) which…
A. Benefited from the Green Revolution.
B. Is reliant on food imports.
C. Has gone through First, Second, and Third Agricultural Revolutions.
D. Agricultural production is predominant in daily life.
E. Agricultural production results in plentiful food exports.

Back 4

D. Agricultural production is predominant in daily life.

Front 5

5. Plantations – from coffee, cocoa, and tea to rubber, palm oil, and bananas – typically practice…
A. Monoculture.
B. Aquaculture.
C. Polyculture.
D. Multiculture.
E. Silviculture.

Back 5

Monoculture

Front 6

6. For peripheral countries, “dependency” means that they are dependent upon core countries for all of the following EXCEPT…
A. Technology
B. Investment
C. Labor
D. Imports
E. Demand

Back 6

Labor

Front 7

7. Gathering and analyzing market data can be categorized in which sector of economic activity?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary

Back 7

Quaternary

Front 8

8. Most forms of modern agriculture have led to a net increase in soil on farmlands
A. True
B. False

Back 8

False

Front 9

9. Which of the following was NOT one of the primary or secondary seed hearths of the First Agricultural Revolution?
A. Western Europe
B. Eastern China
C. Central America
D. Mesopotamia (roughly corresponding to today’s Iraq)
E. Eastern Africa (roughly corresponding to today’s Ethiopia)

Back 9

Western Europe

Front 10

10. Manufacturing based on assembly line techniques and relatively high waves, and reliant upon mass-consumption, is known as…
A. Just-in-time manufacturing.
B. Post-Fordism.
C. Fordism.
D. Reaganomics.
E. Flexible specialization.

Back 10

Fordism

Front 11

11. Domestication of plants and animals is a defining characteristic of which agricultural revolution?
A. First
B. Second
C. Third
D. Green

Back 11

First

Front 12

12. Which of the following is associated with shifting cultivation?
A. Transhumance
B. Terracing
C. Swidden
D. Rainforest climates
E. Both C and D

Back 12

E. Both C and D

Front 13

13. Which of the following statements about shifting cultivation is FALSE?
A. Fields under shifting cultivation are often planted in polyculture.
B. Shifting cultivation is often practiced in regions with nutrient-poor soils.
C. Shifting cultivation is the same thing as crop rotation.
D. Shifting cultivation can be sustainable when human population densities are low.
E. Shifting cultivation is found largely in tropical rainforest regions.

Back 13

C. Shifting cultivation is the same thing as crop rotation.

Front 14

14. Companies that practice flexible specialization…
A. Use traditional Fordist assembly line production techniques.
B. Tend to take advantage of localization economies.
C. Often avoid long-term contracts with workers so it is easy to fire them when a more lucrative production location arises.
D. Usually keep all their activities, from primary to quaternary, in one city or region.
E. Both B and D

Back 14

C. Often avoid long-term contracts with workers so it is easy to fire them when a more lucrative production location arises.

Front 15

15. Commodity chain analysis…
A. Involves studying the DNA of food crops in order to genetically engineer them.
B. Is a way of tracing the globalized processes that produce goods such as automobiles, garments, and coffee.
C. Is based on Rostow’s theory of developmentalism.
D. Can reveal differences in wages and working conditions among workers who take part in the global assembly line.
E. Both B and D.

Back 15

E. Both B and D.

Front 16

16. Which of these best describes one of the main goals of the Fair Trade coffee company Café Direct, according to the film The Cappuccino Trail?
A. To reduce the environmental impacts of coffee production.
B. To ensure that primary producers earn a higher price for their coffee beans.
C. To donate a portion of its profits to charities serving poor communities in Peru.
D. To force the Peruvian government to lower the taxes charged to coffee growers.
E. To sell directly to consumers, eliminating the cut of profit taken by retailers like Safeway.

Back 16

B. To ensure that primary producers earn a higher price for their coffee beans.

Front 17

17. In the commodity chain of “free trade” coffee, who earns the lowest share of the price of coffee?
A. The primary sector
B. The secondary sector
C. The tertiary sector
D. The quaternary sector

Back 17

A. The primary sector

Front 18

18. No country that collects data on women has a Gender Empowerment Index of 1 or greater. In other words, in no country is women’s status equal to or greater than that of men.
A. True
B. False

Back 18

True

Front 19

19. Which of these grains was NOT a major focus of the Green Revolution?
A. Rice
B. Maize
C. Millet
D. Wheat
E. All of these grains were a major focus of the Green Revolution.

Back 19

C. Millet

Front 20

20. Rostow’s model of economic development…
A. Is equally applicable to the countries of today as it was to Western countries in the nineteenth century.
B. Holds that all countries can reach high GDP per capita if they follow the right path.
C. Is accepted as valid by most geographers.
D. Takes into account the interdependence of countries.
E. All of the above are true.

Back 20

B. Holds that all countries can reach high GDP per capita if they follow the right path.