Germany Key Topic 4 - Nazi Domestic Policies (1933-1939)

Front 1

What were 5 Nazi attitudes to school?

Back 1

• Boys and girls attended compulsory education in separate schools until the age of 14, when they left
• Race Studies was added, as were other subjects to reflect Nazi views
• Mein Kampf became a compulsory text
• Teachers had to swear loyalty to the Nazi party and each lesson ended with the salute and "Heil Hitler"
• Textbook questions were written to include Nazi views

Front 2

What were 3 Nazi attitudes to Youth Movements?

Back 2

• Boys joined the Hitler youth aged 14 and did military training, similar to the SA
• This became compulsory in 1936 and there were 7 million members by 1939
• Girls joined the League of German Maidens, where they learned how to be good mothers
• Other youth movements were made illegal

Front 3

Prior to the Nazis, what was life like for women in Germany?

Back 3

• They could vote
• Their job prospects was improving, as was their pay
• Women gained freedoms outside the home and in the way they dressed

Front 4

What were 3 Nazi attitudes to women?

Back 4

• They should stay healthy and dress modestly. They should also maintain a traditional look
• Many women were forced from their jobs and encouraged to stay at home and raise a family instead
• They were taught to focus on the 3 Ks, Children, Kitchen and Church

Front 5

How did the Nazis use the following to reverse the falling birthrate in Germany from 1933?

• Law for the Encouragement of Marriage
• The Mother's Cross
• The Lebensborn Programme

Back 5

• Marriage Law - 1000 marks were given to newly married couples if the woman left her job. This was allowed to be kept if the woman had more than 4 children
• Mother's Cross - 3 tiers, bronze, silver and gold, each for increasing amounts of children. They were awarded annually of the 12th of April, Hitler's mother's birthday
• Lebensborn - Single women would have children with Aryan SS members, meaning that they would have "pure" children

Front 6

What was the DAF?

Back 6

• The German Labour Front
• It was established in 1933 to replace trade unions and ensured that all workers worked in the best interests of the Nazi party

Front 7

What were 5 Nazi attitudes to the unemployed?

Back 7

• The RAD (National Labour Service) was established in 1933
• It organised work for the unemployed that benefitted the state, such as building infrastructure
• By 1935, it was compulsory to serve at least 6 months in the RAD
• The conditions were bad and the pay was poor
• Women and minorities were forced out of jobs, giving the impression that unemployment was decreasing

Front 8

What were 4 Nazi attitudes to Rearmament?

Back 8

• Military spending increased from 3.5 billion marks in 1933 to 26 billion marks in 1939
• German steel production tripled over the same period
• Germany became self-sufficient
• The army grew to 900,000 by 1939

Front 9

What were 5 attitudes for the Nazis improving the standard of living?

Back 9

• Unemployment decreased
• Wages rose
• Sales rose
• Hitler set up the SDA to ensure good working conditions
• The KDF was set up to provide leisure activities for workers

Front 10

What were 4 attitudes against the Nazis improving the standard of living?

Back 10

• Workers rights decreased following the ban on trade unions
• Many of the "employed" were in the military or in the RAD
• Rising prices cancelled out wage increases
• During Nazi times, the improvements were actually just a return to normal because The Great Depression was so bad

Front 11

Why did the Nazis persecute Jews?

Back 11

• Some Christians hated them
• They were used as scapegoats for the German defeat in World Was One, and for the economic problems that followed
• Many Jews were wealthy whilst the country was poor
• They considered them the lowest form of life, they were sub-human and unworthy of life

Front 12

What were the 5 initial ways the Jews were persecuted between 1933 and 1935?

Back 12

• April 1933 - Boycotts of Jewish businesses
• May 1933 - Jews banned from government jobs
• September 1933 - Jews banned from inheriting land
• May 1935 - Jews banned from the army
• June 1935 - Jews banned from resteraunts

Front 13

When were the Nuremburg laws passed and how did the impact Jews?

Back 13

• They were passed on the 15th of September 1935
• They deprived Jews of German citizenship, meaning they lost the right to vote
• They were required to wear a badge to make them stand out from non-Jews
• Jews had to travel in different parts of buses and trains
• Jews and non-Jews could not marry

Front 14

In 1938, what were 3 additional ways Jews were persecuted?

Back 14

• March 1938 - Jews had to register possessions, allowing the government to confiscate them
• July 1938 - Jews had to carry ID cards
• July 1938 - Jewish doctors, dentists and lawyers were forbidden from working on Aryan Germans

Front 15

What were the causes of Kristallnacht?

Back 15

• A young Polish Jew shot and killed a random German, Ernst Von Rath, on the 7th of November 1938
• Goebells and Hitler encouraged violence against Jews as a result and ordered that nothing be done to stop it

Front 16

What happened during Kristallnacht and when did it happen?

Back 16

• 9th and the 10th of November 1938
• The SS and the General public attacked and arrested Jews
• 814 shops, 171 home and 191 synagogues were destroyed
• 100 Jews were killed

Front 17

What were the consequences of Kristallnacht?

Back 17

• The Jews were fined 1 billion marks for the damage
• They were banned from schools, universities, running shops and running businesses
• The SS and SA began to send Jews to concentration camps
• In April 1939, Jews began to be evicted from their homes and crammed into ghettos

Front 18

How were other minorities persecuted by the Nazis?

Back 18

• Gypsies were rounded up and sent to concentration camps, with the Nuremburg Laws applying to them from 1935
• From April 1939, Gypsies were moved to ghettos
• From 1935, homosexuals were sent to concentration camps, some were castrated
• From 1933, a new law meant that disabled people were sterilised to prevent them damaging the pure German bloodline
• From 1939, disabled children were killed or left to die, the final toll being about 6,000