Geometry, Test 1

Front 1

geometry

Back 1

the study of shapes, their relationships, and their properties

Front 2

figure-ground perception

Back 2

identify shape against background

Front 3

perceptual constancy

Back 3

recognize figure in other orientation

Front 4

visual discrimination

Back 4

find similarities and differences

Front 5

visual memory

Back 5

draw or describe object no longer in view

Front 6

point

Back 6

no dimension, yes location

Front 7

line

Back 7

straight and extends infinitely in two opposite directions, infinite collection of points, two points determine a line

Front 8

plane

Back 8

flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions, determined by three noncollinear points

Front 9

collinear points

Back 9

points that lie on the same plane (any two points are collinear)

Front 10

noncollinear

Back 10

if three or more points do not lie on a single line

Front 11

coplanar

Back 11

two or more points lie on the same plane (any two or three points are coplanar)

Front 12

line segment

Back 12

subset of a line that contains two points of the line (endpoints) and all points between them

Front 13

ray

Back 13

subset of a line that contains a specific point (endpoint) and all points on the same side of that point

Front 14

intersect

Back 14

two lines have exactly one point in common

Front 15

perpendicular

Back 15

two intersecting lines form right angles

Front 16

concurrent lines

Back 16

three or more lines intersect at a single point

Front 17

parallel lines

Back 17

two lines lie in the same plane and never intersect

Front 18

skew lines

Back 18

two lines do not intersect because they aren't on the same plane

Front 19

angle

Back 19

the union of two rays that have a common endpoint (vertex), and each ray is called a side

Front 20

reflex angle

Back 20

angle over 180*

Front 21

straight angle

Back 21

180*

Front 22

adjacent angles

Back 22

same vertex, common side, disjoint interiors

Front 23

Hiele levels of reasoning

Back 23

I. by resemblance
II. by attributes
III. by properties (relationships)
IV. formal

Front 24

curve

Back 24

set of points that you can trace without lifting your pencil

Front 25

simple curve

Back 25

trace the figure to never touch a point more than once

Front 26

closed curve

Back 26

starting point is the same as ending point

Front 27

polygon

Back 27

one of the subsets of simple, closed curves in the plane composed only of line segments

Front 28

median

Back 28

line segment of triangle, connects vertex to midpoint of opposite side

Front 29

angle bisector

Back 29

line segment of triangle, bisects an angle

Front 30

perpendicular bisector

Back 30

line segment of triangle, goes through the midpoint of a side and is perpendicular to that side

Front 31

altitude

Back 31

line segment of triangle, perpendicular, connects vertex to opposite side

Front 32

centroid

Back 32

point on a triangle where three medians meet

Front 33

circumcenter

Back 33

point on a triangle where three perpendicular bisectors meet, equidistant from all verticies

Front 34

incenter

Back 34

point on a triangle where three angle bisectors meet

Front 35

orthocenter

Back 35

point on a triangle where three altitudes meet

Front 36

congruence

Back 36

two polygons with equal corresponding angles and sides

Front 37

trapezoid

Back 37

quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides

Front 38

parallelogram

Back 38

quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel

Front 39

kite

Back 39

quadrilateral with two pares of adjacent sides that are congruent

Front 40

rhombus

Back 40

quadrilateral in which all sides are congruent

Front 41

rectangle

Back 41

quadrilateral in which all angles are congruent

Front 42

square

Back 42

quadrilateral in which all four sides and all four angles are congruent

Front 43

diagonal

Back 43

line segment the joins two nonadjacent verticies in a polygon with more than three sides

Front 44

convex polygon

Back 44

the line segment connecting any two points on the polygonal region lies entirely within the region

Front 45

concave polygon

Back 45

line segment connecting any two points in a polygonal region does not lie entirely within the region

Front 46

regular polygon

Back 46

all sides have same length and all interior angles have the same measure

Front 47

exterior angle

Back 47

angle formed by a side of a polygon and the extension of the side adjacent to that side

Front 48

central angle

Back 48

in a regular polygon, vertex at center of polygon and two sides connecting the center to adjacent verticies

Front 49

circle

Back 49

set of points in a plane that are all the same distance from a given point, the center

Front 50

radius

Back 50

line segment of circle that connects edge point to center

Front 51

diameter

Back 51

line segment of circle that connects two points and goes through the center

Front 52

chord

Back 52

line segment of circle that connects two points

Front 53

tangent

Back 53

line segment of circle that intersects at exactly one point

Front 54

origin

Back 54

0,0 on a graph