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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Point
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A location in space. Represented wih a dot and a single capital letter.
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Line
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All points that lie on a straight, unbroken path.
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Line Segment
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A line with 2 endpoints.
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A Ray
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A line that has one endpoint and extends forever in one direction.
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Angle
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A figure formed by 2 rays that don't lie on the same line but have the same endpoint
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Postulate
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A mathematical statement assumed to be true.
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Theorem
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A statement that is true only after it is proven through a series of logical steps
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Proof
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A logical structure of reasoning that begins from accepted ideas and proceeds through logic to reach a conclusion which makes a theorem.
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Number line
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A line where every point corresponds to a real number and every real number corresponds to a point.
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Cordinate of a point
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The real number that corresponds to that point on a number line.
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Vertex of an angle
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The common endpoint of an angle; Plural: Vertice.
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Obtuse angle
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An angle whose measure is greater than 90 degrees.
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Straight angle
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An angle whose measure is 180 degrees.
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Acute angle
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An angle whose measure is less than 90 degrees.
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Angle Congruence Postulate
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If 2 angles have the same measure, they they are congruent. Also if they are congruent, they have the same measure.
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Adjacent angle
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Are angles that are in the same plane and have a common vertex and common side, and have no interior points in common.
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Complemantary angles
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2 angles whose sum is 90 degrees when you add the measures of both angles.
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Supplementary angles
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2 angles whose measurement is 180 degrees when you add both measurements of the 2 angles.
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Linear pair of angles
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A pair of angles that are formed if the endpoint of a ray is on a line, creating 2 angles; they must share a common side
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Parallel lines
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Coplanar lines that never intersect.
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Perpendicular lines
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Lines that meet at right angles.
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Segment bisector
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Is a ray, line segment, or a line that divides an angle into 2 congruent angles.
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Circumscribed
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Encircling and touching each vertex of another figure.
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Inscribed circle
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A circle inside a figure and touching exactly one point on each side of the figure.
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Circumcenter
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The point at which the 3 perperdicular bisectors of a triangle intersect.
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Median of a triangle
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A segment drawn from the vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of its opposite side, and it divides the triangle into 2 equal sides.
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Centroid
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The center of gravity of the triangle.
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Pre image
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The original figure before it is transformed.
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Image
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The result of a transformation.
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Isometric transformations
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Transformations that preserve the size and shape of the pre-image.
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Reflection
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A type of transformation. The flipping of a figure.
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Rotation
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A type of transformation. The turning of a figure.
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Translation
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A type of transformation. The sliding of a figure in a straight path without rotation or reflection.
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Dilation
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The shrinking or expanding of a figure; this does not preserve the size of the pre-image, therefore it is not an isometric transformation.
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X-axis
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The horizontal number line on a coodinate plane.
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Y-axis
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The vertical number line on a coodinate plane.
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Inductive reasoning
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A type of reasoning that is based on observations of patterns and past events.
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Deductive reasoning
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A type of reasoning that uses previously proven or accepted properties to reach conclusions.
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Argument
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A set of statements called premises, that are used to reach a conclusion.
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Conditional statement
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A statement in the form of P, then Q in which they hypothesis implies the conclusion.
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Negate
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To change a meaning to its opposite. The result is know as the inverse of the original statement.
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Converse
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When you switch the hypothesis and the conclusion.
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Contrapositive
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When you combine the converse with the inverse of the original statement.
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Truth-functionally equivalent
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A characteristic describing a pair of statements that have identical truth tables.
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Law of contrapositive
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A conditional statement is true if and only if its contrapositive is true.
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Euler diagram
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A diagram with an outer circle enclosing an inner circle, which might enclose another inner cirlce, and soon, representing how conditional statements are related to each other.
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Logical chain
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A chain of premises that lead to a logical conclusion; logical chains are represented by several circles within the Euler diagram.
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Compund statement
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A statement that connects 2 statements with either the word 'and' or 'or'.
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